Fracture behavior of CrN coatings deposited on the surface of silicon and AISI52100 steel by different energy ion beam assisted magnetron sputtering technique （IBAMS） was studied using indentation and dynamic cycle ...Fracture behavior of CrN coatings deposited on the surface of silicon and AISI52100 steel by different energy ion beam assisted magnetron sputtering technique （IBAMS） was studied using indentation and dynamic cycle impact. It is found that, for the coatings on silicon substrate, the cracks form in the indentation corners and then propagate outward under Vickers indentation. The coating prepared using ion assisted energy of 800 eV shows the highest fracture resistance due to its compact structure. Under Rockwell indentation, only finer radial cracks are found in the CrN coating on AISI 52100 steel without ion assisting while in the condition of ion assisting energy of 800 eV, radial, lateral cracks and spalling appear in the vicinity of indentation. The fracture of CrN coatings under dynamic cycle impact is similar to fatigue. The impact fracture resistance of CrN coatings increases with the increase of ion assisting energy.展开更多
通过重庆城区2013-2016年空气质量指数AQI与气象要素的相关分析,引入表征大气温湿状态的物理量总温度、比湿、近地层风速、24h变压及大气低层总温度差,构建新的空气污染气象条件指数IBAM(Index Between Air pollution and Meteorology)...通过重庆城区2013-2016年空气质量指数AQI与气象要素的相关分析,引入表征大气温湿状态的物理量总温度、比湿、近地层风速、24h变压及大气低层总温度差,构建新的空气污染气象条件指数IBAM(Index Between Air pollution and Meteorology)。应用2013年4月1日至2016年12月31日欧洲中心预报产品计算重庆地区历史IBAM指数,通过K均值聚类分析,引入极端天气事件概念确定空气污染气象条件阈值,建立预报模型。利用IBAM指数与滞后1天AQI建立拟合曲线方程,计算出AQI预报值,计算预报准确率,经过2017年1月1日至2018年9月1日样本检验,72h内预报准确率在70%左右。通过误差分析发现:当气象条件为大气污染物浓度主要影响因素且在大气污染源变化不明显时,预报误差较小;而当大气污染源变化明显时,预报误差较大。该预报方法已在重庆市气象台业务应用,对预防和处理重污染事件,改善重庆地区空气质量有较好参考价值。展开更多
基金Funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No. 50771070)Shanxi Province Science and Technology Key Projects (No. 20100321078-02)
文摘Fracture behavior of CrN coatings deposited on the surface of silicon and AISI52100 steel by different energy ion beam assisted magnetron sputtering technique （IBAMS） was studied using indentation and dynamic cycle impact. It is found that, for the coatings on silicon substrate, the cracks form in the indentation corners and then propagate outward under Vickers indentation. The coating prepared using ion assisted energy of 800 eV shows the highest fracture resistance due to its compact structure. Under Rockwell indentation, only finer radial cracks are found in the CrN coating on AISI 52100 steel without ion assisting while in the condition of ion assisting energy of 800 eV, radial, lateral cracks and spalling appear in the vicinity of indentation. The fracture of CrN coatings under dynamic cycle impact is similar to fatigue. The impact fracture resistance of CrN coatings increases with the increase of ion assisting energy.
文摘通过重庆城区2013-2016年空气质量指数AQI与气象要素的相关分析,引入表征大气温湿状态的物理量总温度、比湿、近地层风速、24h变压及大气低层总温度差,构建新的空气污染气象条件指数IBAM(Index Between Air pollution and Meteorology)。应用2013年4月1日至2016年12月31日欧洲中心预报产品计算重庆地区历史IBAM指数,通过K均值聚类分析,引入极端天气事件概念确定空气污染气象条件阈值,建立预报模型。利用IBAM指数与滞后1天AQI建立拟合曲线方程,计算出AQI预报值,计算预报准确率,经过2017年1月1日至2018年9月1日样本检验,72h内预报准确率在70%左右。通过误差分析发现:当气象条件为大气污染物浓度主要影响因素且在大气污染源变化不明显时,预报误差较小;而当大气污染源变化明显时,预报误差较大。该预报方法已在重庆市气象台业务应用,对预防和处理重污染事件,改善重庆地区空气质量有较好参考价值。
