酵母的核糖体5.8 S rDNA及两侧的转录间隔区(ITS)具有显著的种间差异性,可以作为鉴别酵母菌种的分类依据.通过菌落PCR扩增该区域的DNA片段,用3种限制性内切酶CfoⅠ,HaeⅢ和HinfⅠ进行酶切,电泳分析酶切片段的长度多态性(RFLP),然后查找...酵母的核糖体5.8 S rDNA及两侧的转录间隔区(ITS)具有显著的种间差异性,可以作为鉴别酵母菌种的分类依据.通过菌落PCR扩增该区域的DNA片段,用3种限制性内切酶CfoⅠ,HaeⅢ和HinfⅠ进行酶切,电泳分析酶切片段的长度多态性(RFLP),然后查找数据库快速准确的鉴定酵母菌种.对本研究室保藏的12株酵母菌株进行分析,确认了已知种类的酿酒酵母(Saccha-romyces cerevisiaeAS 2.516)和路德类酵母(Saccharomycodes ludwigiiAS 2.243)的RFLP与数据库的信息完全一致,并对其余10株未知种类的酵母进行了菌种分类鉴定.展开更多
Sequence variation of the first internal transcribed spacer of ribosomal DNA （ ITS - 1 ） was examined and its application to the study of genetic variation was explored in four populations of farter＇ s scallop Chla...Sequence variation of the first internal transcribed spacer of ribosomal DNA （ ITS - 1 ） was examined and its application to the study of genetic variation was explored in four populations of farter＇ s scallop Chlamys farreri. ITS - 1 fragments, with a length of about 300 bp,of 78 individuals collected from Dalian, Qingdao, Yantai in China and Korea respectively were amplified via PCR, cloned and sequenced. Intra-genomic variation was examined by sequencing several clones of single individuals. Alignment and polymorphism analysis detected 44 haplotypes and 50 polymorphic sites which consist of 30 substitutions and 20 indels, indicating a high level of polymorphisms. Sequence analysis also showed a very low level of intra-individual variation. All these features validated the feasibility of application of ITS - 1 fragment to population analysis. Polymorphism analysis showed that the Korea sample has the richest genetic variation, followed by Yantai and Qingdao samples. AMOVA （analysis of molecular variance） showed that the majority （96.26%） of genetic variation was distributed within populations and 3.74% resulted from among populations, but with P 〈 0.05 （ = 0.042）, indicating that the populations in this study have significant divergence. This output was basically concordant with the result arising from RAPD data and different from that from mitochondrial 16S rDNA sequence data. Discussion on this inconsistency was made accordingly.展开更多
为了探究中国土地利用变化驱动机制和未来土地利用状况,该文利用中国科学院资源环境科学数据库中的2000年和2005年土地利用数据,结合区域土地利用变化与影响模型CLUE-S(the conversion of land use and its effects at small regional e...为了探究中国土地利用变化驱动机制和未来土地利用状况,该文利用中国科学院资源环境科学数据库中的2000年和2005年土地利用数据,结合区域土地利用变化与影响模型CLUE-S(the conversion of land use and its effects at small regional extent)和面向地理过程动态环境模型Dinamica EGO(environment for geoprocessing objects)模拟2000-2020年中国土地利用状况,并借助于Logistic回归结果和贝叶斯估计结果,探讨了中国2000-2005年土地利用适宜性和土地利用变化的驱动力空间特征。以2005年土地利用数据对模拟结果进行验证表明,CLUE-S模型和Dinamica EGO模型在LUCC预测上与实际结果一致性较好,并且CLUE-S模型在预测总体精度上优于Dinamica EGO模型。但在土地利用变化类型的数量预测上,Dinamica EGO模型的Markov过程可以准确预测,并且Dinamica EGO模拟的土地利用变化在空间分布上与经验结果较一致。从2020年中国土地利用预测结果来看,耕地、林地、水域和建设用地将会增加,草地会出现大面积的缩减,未利用地在CLUE-S模型预测中出现增加,而在Dinamica EGO模型中减少。该文可为国土资源规划和耕地资源保护政策的制定提供科学依据。展开更多
建立液相色谱-串联质谱(liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry,LC-MS/MS)法测定鸡蛋、鸡肉和蛋糕中氟虫腈及其代谢物残留量的方法。样品经酸性乙腈提取,经Cleanert PEP Plus(60 mg/3 m L)固相萃取柱净化,Agilent Eclipse plu...建立液相色谱-串联质谱(liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry,LC-MS/MS)法测定鸡蛋、鸡肉和蛋糕中氟虫腈及其代谢物残留量的方法。样品经酸性乙腈提取,经Cleanert PEP Plus(60 mg/3 m L)固相萃取柱净化,Agilent Eclipse plus C18色谱柱(2.1 mm×100 mm,1.8μm)分离,以0.1%甲酸乙腈溶液和0.1%甲酸水溶液(含10 mmol/L乙酸铵)为流动相进行梯度洗脱,电喷雾负离子模式电离,多反应监测模式检测,外标法定量。对鸡蛋、鸡肉和蛋糕3种基质效应进行了试验。结果表明1μg/kg～50μg/kg范围内线性关系良好,相关系数R2>0.99。方法的检出限为0.4μg/kg,定量限为1μg/kg。在鸡蛋、鸡肉和蛋糕中分别添加1、2、5μg/kg 3个水平进行加标回收试验,回收率为82.3%～112.5%,相对标准偏差为1.2%～4.5%。该方法具有较高的灵敏度和准确度,适用于鸡蛋、鸡肉和蛋糕中氟虫腈及残留物的测定。展开更多
目的明确四川江油地区栽培乌头霜霉病病原菌乌头霜霉Peronospora aconiti rDNA-ITS和28 S rDNA D1/D2区序列,为病害诊断和防治提供理论基础。方法从病株收集病原菌分生孢子及菌丝,提取DNA,扩增rDNA-ITS和28 S rDNA D1/D2片段序列,进行...目的明确四川江油地区栽培乌头霜霉病病原菌乌头霜霉Peronospora aconiti rDNA-ITS和28 S rDNA D1/D2区序列,为病害诊断和防治提供理论基础。方法从病株收集病原菌分生孢子及菌丝,提取DNA,扩增rDNA-ITS和28 S rDNA D1/D2片段序列,进行测序分析,并构建邻接(neighbor-joining,NJ)发育树分析病原菌种类。结果检测出的病原菌rDNA-ITS序列与NCBI数据库中霜霉属P.pulveracea、P.aparines相似度为94%,28 S rDNA D1/D2区序列与霜霉属P.pulveracea、P.ficariae、P.bulbocapni相似度达97%。结论分子rDNA-ITS和28 S rDNA D1/D2区序列鉴定的结论和形态学鉴定的结论一致,乌头霜霉病病原菌为霜霉科霜霉属乌头霜霉Peronospora aconiti Yu,其rDNA-ITS和28 S rDNA D1/D2区序列可用于该病原物的鉴定。展开更多
基金Research supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(31070166,31100161)the Specimen Platform of China,Teaching Specimens Sub-Platform,Web:http://mnh.scu.edu.cn/(2005DKA21403-JK)Basic Research Program of Jiamusi University(Sjz-2012-18)
基金This work was financially supported by the"863"Project of China under contract No.2002AA626020the National Nalural Science Foundation of China under contract No.30570242.
文摘Sequence variation of the first internal transcribed spacer of ribosomal DNA （ ITS - 1 ） was examined and its application to the study of genetic variation was explored in four populations of farter＇ s scallop Chlamys farreri. ITS - 1 fragments, with a length of about 300 bp,of 78 individuals collected from Dalian, Qingdao, Yantai in China and Korea respectively were amplified via PCR, cloned and sequenced. Intra-genomic variation was examined by sequencing several clones of single individuals. Alignment and polymorphism analysis detected 44 haplotypes and 50 polymorphic sites which consist of 30 substitutions and 20 indels, indicating a high level of polymorphisms. Sequence analysis also showed a very low level of intra-individual variation. All these features validated the feasibility of application of ITS - 1 fragment to population analysis. Polymorphism analysis showed that the Korea sample has the richest genetic variation, followed by Yantai and Qingdao samples. AMOVA （analysis of molecular variance） showed that the majority （96.26%） of genetic variation was distributed within populations and 3.74% resulted from among populations, but with P 〈 0.05 （ = 0.042）, indicating that the populations in this study have significant divergence. This output was basically concordant with the result arising from RAPD data and different from that from mitochondrial 16S rDNA sequence data. Discussion on this inconsistency was made accordingly.
文摘为了探究中国土地利用变化驱动机制和未来土地利用状况,该文利用中国科学院资源环境科学数据库中的2000年和2005年土地利用数据,结合区域土地利用变化与影响模型CLUE-S(the conversion of land use and its effects at small regional extent)和面向地理过程动态环境模型Dinamica EGO(environment for geoprocessing objects)模拟2000-2020年中国土地利用状况,并借助于Logistic回归结果和贝叶斯估计结果,探讨了中国2000-2005年土地利用适宜性和土地利用变化的驱动力空间特征。以2005年土地利用数据对模拟结果进行验证表明,CLUE-S模型和Dinamica EGO模型在LUCC预测上与实际结果一致性较好,并且CLUE-S模型在预测总体精度上优于Dinamica EGO模型。但在土地利用变化类型的数量预测上,Dinamica EGO模型的Markov过程可以准确预测,并且Dinamica EGO模拟的土地利用变化在空间分布上与经验结果较一致。从2020年中国土地利用预测结果来看,耕地、林地、水域和建设用地将会增加,草地会出现大面积的缩减,未利用地在CLUE-S模型预测中出现增加,而在Dinamica EGO模型中减少。该文可为国土资源规划和耕地资源保护政策的制定提供科学依据。
文摘采用自主研发的多源多宿GNSS-R(Global Navigation Satellite System-Reflections,全球导航卫星系统反射信号)海洋环境遥感探测系统,在天津渤海湾特定区域进行了3次机载校飞试验,获得了大量有效GNSS-R信号数据,对自然条件下的海面有效波高进行了反演处理。该系统通过对接收的GNSS直达信号和海面反射信号进行相关运算处理,可以获得DDM(Delay-Doppler Mapping,时延—多普勒映射)图谱,再利用DCF(Derivative of the Correlation Function,相关函数的导数)在DDM图谱基础上进行相关功率波形的计算,进而通过计算DCF的函数波形宽度得到海面有效波高,验证了该方法的可行性。该方法具有全天时、全天候、高分辨率、低成本等优点,对全球范围内中小尺度海洋状态和物理现象的监测具有重要意义。
文摘建立液相色谱-串联质谱(liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry,LC-MS/MS)法测定鸡蛋、鸡肉和蛋糕中氟虫腈及其代谢物残留量的方法。样品经酸性乙腈提取,经Cleanert PEP Plus(60 mg/3 m L)固相萃取柱净化,Agilent Eclipse plus C18色谱柱(2.1 mm×100 mm,1.8μm)分离,以0.1%甲酸乙腈溶液和0.1%甲酸水溶液(含10 mmol/L乙酸铵)为流动相进行梯度洗脱,电喷雾负离子模式电离,多反应监测模式检测,外标法定量。对鸡蛋、鸡肉和蛋糕3种基质效应进行了试验。结果表明1μg/kg～50μg/kg范围内线性关系良好,相关系数R2>0.99。方法的检出限为0.4μg/kg,定量限为1μg/kg。在鸡蛋、鸡肉和蛋糕中分别添加1、2、5μg/kg 3个水平进行加标回收试验,回收率为82.3%～112.5%,相对标准偏差为1.2%～4.5%。该方法具有较高的灵敏度和准确度,适用于鸡蛋、鸡肉和蛋糕中氟虫腈及残留物的测定。
文摘目的明确四川江油地区栽培乌头霜霉病病原菌乌头霜霉Peronospora aconiti rDNA-ITS和28 S rDNA D1/D2区序列,为病害诊断和防治提供理论基础。方法从病株收集病原菌分生孢子及菌丝,提取DNA,扩增rDNA-ITS和28 S rDNA D1/D2片段序列,进行测序分析,并构建邻接(neighbor-joining,NJ)发育树分析病原菌种类。结果检测出的病原菌rDNA-ITS序列与NCBI数据库中霜霉属P.pulveracea、P.aparines相似度为94%,28 S rDNA D1/D2区序列与霜霉属P.pulveracea、P.ficariae、P.bulbocapni相似度达97%。结论分子rDNA-ITS和28 S rDNA D1/D2区序列鉴定的结论和形态学鉴定的结论一致,乌头霜霉病病原菌为霜霉科霜霉属乌头霜霉Peronospora aconiti Yu,其rDNA-ITS和28 S rDNA D1/D2区序列可用于该病原物的鉴定。
