Properties of Reactive Magnetron Sputtered ITO Films without in-situ Substrate Heating and Post-deposition Annealing

Indium tin oxide (ITO) films were prepared on polyester, Si and glass substrate with relatively high deposition rate of above 0.9 nm/s by DC reactive magnetron sputtering technique at the sputtering pressure of 0.06 Pa system, respectively. The dependence of resistivity on deposition parameters, such as deposition rate, target-to-substrate distance (TSD), oxygen flow rate and sputtering time (thickness), has been investigated, together with the structural and the optical properties. It was revealed that all ITO films exhibited lattice expansion. The resistivity of ITO thin films shows significant substrate effect: much lower resistivity and broader process window have been reproducibly achieved for the deposition of ITO films onto polyester rather than those prepared on both Si and glass substrates. The films with resistivity of as low as 4.23 x 10^-4 Ω.cm and average transmittance of ～78% at wavelength of 400～700 nm have been achieved for the films on polyester at room temperature.

Influence of Different Substrates on the Electrochromic Property of Polyaniline Films

The polyaniline （PANI） films doped with complex acid （sulfuric acid and sulfosalicylic acid） were prepared using the potentiostatic method on bare nickel flake （NF） and flexible polyethylene terephthalate （PET）/indium tin oxide （ITO） substrates. The contents of the PANI films,surface elements, electrochromic property and electrical conductivity were characterized by energy dispersive X-ray spectrometer （EDS）, cyclic voltammetry （CV） and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy （EIS）. The experimental results show that differences exist among cycle stability, redox reversibility and response time of polyaniline films on these two kinds of substrates, but the electrochromic phenomenon of the PANI films is in substantial agreement. The equilibrium transmittance spectra in the visible region （400-800 nm） for the PANI film on flexible PET/ITO substrate was obtained at different applied potential from -0.4 to 1.5 V. The results show that the transmittance of the PANI film by applying voltage is adjustable in a row and has excellent electrochromic performance.

Thin Film of Mesoporous MCM-41 Grown on Indium-Tin-Oxide Glass Substrate

From a basic solution containing celyltrimethylammonium cations as the template, thin film of mesoporous MCM-41 has been grown on the surface of a pre-treated indium-tin-oxide conducting glass substrate. The channel axis of the film is oriented parallel with the surface plane of the substrate, and the film is stable after careful removal of template in vacuum.

Organic Solar Cells Flexible P3HT：PCBM Thin Film and Improving Its Performance

Organic solar cells （OSCs） is a new generation of solar cells have emerged as an alternative to conventional Si-based solar cells owing to their advantages of low cost, ease of fabrication and their potential for the manufacture of flexible and large area solar cells. So we chose that part to beginning study of the material and all parameters effects in environmental condition because the solar cell working in environment. In this study the fabrication of poly（3-hexylthiophene） （P3HT） and [6,6]-phenyl C61-butyric acid methyl ester （PCBM） blend flexible thin film using spin coating was reported. Process parameters like solvent, electron donor to acceptor ratio, concentration and temperature were also studied. We used solvent systems to make active layer of P3HT：PCBM composite and PEDOT：PSS as a buffer layer. Highest absorption was obtained for the flexible thin film made with 1：1 and 1：0.75 ratio of P3HT to PCBM. Chloroform solvent in 40 gm/ml concentration at 90 ~C was the optimum conditions to make flexible device.

Study on the Long Term Sensing Properties of pCO_2 Sensitive Electrode

In this paper,the pCO_2 sensitive electrode was studied for continuous measurement.The solid electrolyte membrane and gas-permeable membrane were coated on the surface of the pH sensitive electrode which was fabricated based on the SnO_2/ITO glass substrate.According to the experimental results,the pCO_2 sensitive electrode shows the sensitivity of about 35 mV/decade in detection range between 0.1 mmol/L and 50 mmol/L.Moreover,the investigated sensing structure exhibits the convenient and pragmatic properties of the pCO_2 measurement.In summary,the advantages of the pCO_2 sensitive electrode are low-cost and disposable based on the separative structure.

Influence of manganese rate on structural, optical and electrochemical properties of CeO_(2) thin films deposited by spray pyrolysis:Supercapacitor applications

The present work aimed to investigate the electrochemical properties of ITO substrates in propylene carbonate(PC) with 0.5 mol/L lithium perchlorate(LiClO_(4)) medium in the presence of elaborated thin films of cerium dioxide pure and doped with manganese at varying percentages.Ce_(1-x)Mn_(x)O_(2)(x=0 wt%,2 wt%,4 wt% and 6 wt%) were successfully deposited by the spray pyrolysis(SP) technique on the glass substrate and ITO at 450℃.The effects of manganese(Mn) doped thin films Ce_(1-x)Mn_(x)O_(2) were studied and investigated by using different analyses namely X-ray diffraction(XRD) analysis,Raman spectroscopy method,UV-Vis spectrophotometer technique,atomic force microscopy(AFM) analysis and electrochemical properties.XRD data obtained present a polycrystalline with a face-centred cubic structure of fluorite type.Raman results of undoped and Mn doped thin films show two peaks at 465 and 600 cm^(-1),due to the formation of extrinsic oxygen vacancies by the incorporation of Mn into Ce1-xMnxO_(2) matrix.Energy dispersive spectroscopy(EDS) data show the presence of Ce,O,and Mn elements in the elaborated films.The AFM results reveal that the surface roughness decreases with increasing Mn rate.Further,band gap energy of thin films decreases with increasing in Mn rate due to the formation of defect state between valence and conduction band.The storage capacity of the elaborated Ce_(1-x)Mn_(x)O_(2)/ITO/PC+LiClO_(4) electrode reaches a maximum of 1.997 mF in the presence of 6 wt% of Mn.

The investigation of electrodeposited Cu_2O/ITO layers by chronocoulometry process:effect of electrical potential

The thin films of Cu2O are deposited by electrodeposition technique onto indium tin oxide（ITO）-coated glass substrate at different potentials. The precursor is an aqueous solution which contains respectively 0.05 M of CuSO4 and citric acid at kept temperature of 60℃ and the applied potential varies within the {-0：4 V,-0：7 V}SCE range. Based on the chronocoulometry（CC） process, the electrochemical, structural and optical parameters are determined. We measured the current as function of potential within the {-0：4 V,-0：7 V} range and the higher current is found to be within the {-0：7 V,-0：3 V} band. The grain sizes are of 12.12 nm and 35.47 nm according to（110） and（221） orientations respectively. The high textural coefficient of 0.943 is recorded for the potential -0：7 V.The transmittance of 72.25 %, within the visible band, is obtained for the as-grown layer at -0：4 V and the band gap is found to be 2.2 e V for the electrodeposition potential of -0：7 V.

ZnSe/ITO thin films:candidate for CdTe solar cell window layer

The crystal structure, electrical and optical properties of ZnSe thin films deposited on an In203 ：Sn （ITO） substrate are evaluated for their suitability as the window layer of CdTe thin film solar cells. ZnSe thin films of 80, 90, and 100 nm thickness were deposited by a physical vapor deposition method on Indium tin oxide coated glass substrates. The lattice parameters are increased to 5.834 A when the film thickness was 100 rim, which is close to that of CdS. The crystallite size is decreased with the increase of film thickness. The optical transmission analysis shows that the energy gap for the sample with the highest thickness has also increased and is very close to 2.7 eV. The photo decay is also studied as a function of ZnSe film thickness.