To study immune reactions and the mechanism of anergy induced by recombinant enterotoxin A (rSEA) of Staphylococcus aureus. The gene encoding SEA was cloned from standard strain of S. aureus and high efficiently expre...To study immune reactions and the mechanism of anergy induced by recombinant enterotoxin A (rSEA) of Staphylococcus aureus. The gene encoding SEA was cloned from standard strain of S. aureus and high efficiently expressed in E. coli. After immunization with purified rSEA, mice were examined for production of specific antibody, subtype of IgG, cytokine mRNA levels such as IFN-γ, IL-2 secretion and T-cell surface PD-1 expression. Results showed that high levels of specific antibodies were produced in two weeks of primary immunization shot. During this time, humoral immune reactions prevailed (IgG2a/ IgG1 【1). During the early phase, Th1 type cytokine mRNA is expressed at a higher level than Th2 type, indicating cellular immune reaction prevailed. Splen- ocyte IFN-γ secretion was significantly decreased after boosting immunization. The PD-1 expression was detected by a flow cytometry examination in the surface of T- lymphocytes which were induced by rSEA, and the expression of PD-1 molecules increased along with the number of boosting and the time after immunization.展开更多
目的探讨联合谷氨酰胺(glutamine,Gln)的早期肠内营养(early enteral nutrition,EEN)对重症急性胰腺炎(severe acute pancreatitis,SAP)患者全身炎症反应和免疫功能的影响。方法将安徽医科大学附属安庆医院普外科2015年10月至2017年5月...目的探讨联合谷氨酰胺(glutamine,Gln)的早期肠内营养(early enteral nutrition,EEN)对重症急性胰腺炎(severe acute pancreatitis,SAP)患者全身炎症反应和免疫功能的影响。方法将安徽医科大学附属安庆医院普外科2015年10月至2017年5月收治的SAP患者49例随机分为试验组(24例)及对照组(25例):试验组采用联合Gln的早期肠内营养,对照组采用单纯早期肠内营养。在入院后第1、6、11天分别检测两组患者的炎症指标[C-反应蛋白(CRP)、降钙素原(PCT)、白细胞介素6(IL-6)、白细胞介素8(IL-8)、肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)]及免疫指标(CD^(3+)、CD^(4+)、CD^(4+)/CD^(8+))等值。比较两组间的差异,进行统计学分析。结果(1)两组患者炎症指标及免疫指标在第1天的差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);(2)第6天,炎症指标CRP[(56.31±18.04)mg/L vs(98.12±11.54)mg/L,P=0.037]、IL-6[(45.87±10.99)pg/m L vs(54.72±4.77)pg/m L,P=0.026]、IL-8[(45.15±9.27)ng/m L vs(59.03±4.87)ng/m L,P=0.013]、TNF-α[(24.35±7.15)pg/m L vs(32.41±4.22)pg/m L,P=0.010]以及PCT[(1.11±0.49)ng/m L vs(1.50±0.30)ng/m L,P=0.024],试验组均低于对照组(P<0.05),而免疫指标CD^(3+)[(63.42±2.86)%vs(54.67±1.76)%,P=0.035]、CD^(4+)[(43.69±1.83)%vs(40.08±1.08)%,P=0.014]以及CD^(4+)/CD^(8+)[(2.25±0.39)vs(1.87±0.22),P=0.006],试验组均高于对照组(P<0.05);(3)第11天,炎症指标CRP[(16.81±7.56)mg/L vs(43.01±2.74)mg/L,P=0.009]、IL-6[(29.39±7.92)pg/m L vs(38.29±5.33)pg/m L,P=0.020]、IL-8[(30.73±9.26)ng/m L vs(39.69±5.26)ng/m L,P=0.018]、TNF-α[(13.87±5.67)pg/m L vs(20.35±3.82)pg/m L,P=0.019]以及PCT[(0.34±0.11)ng/m L vs(0.95±0.29)ng/m L,P=0.035],试验组均低于对照组(P<0.05),而免疫指标CD^(3+)[(69.68±1.87)%vs(61.14±1.21)%,P=0.017]、CD^(4+)[(54.27±3.23)%vs(45.30±1.59)%,P=0.007]以及CD^(4+)/CD^(8+)[(2.98±0.51)vs(2.01±0.28),P=0.012],试验组均高于对照组(P<0.05)。结论联合Gln的早期肠内营养比单纯的早期肠内营养能更好地降低SAP患者的全身炎症反应,提高免疫功能。展开更多
Two traditional recommendation techniques, content-based and collaborative filtering （CF）, have been widely used in a broad range of domain areas. Both meth- ods have their advantages and disadvantages, and some of ...Two traditional recommendation techniques, content-based and collaborative filtering （CF）, have been widely used in a broad range of domain areas. Both meth- ods have their advantages and disadvantages, and some of the defects can be resolved by integrating both techniques in a hybrid model to improve the quality of the recommendation. In this article, we will present a problem-oriented approach to design a hybrid immunizing solution for job recommen- dation problem from applicant＇s perspective. The proposed approach aims to recommend the best chances of opening jobs to the applicant who searches for job. It combines the artificial immune system （AIS）, which has a powerful explo- ration capability in polynomial time, with the collaborative filtering, which can exploit the neighbors＇ interests. We will discuss the design issues, as well as the hybridization process that should be applied to the problem. Finally, experimental studies are conducted and the results show the importance of our approach for solving the job recommendation problem.展开更多
趋化因子(chemoattractant cytokine ligand,CCL)是一类可趋化细胞移动的小分子肽物质,根据其分子结构中N-末端半胱氨酸的相对位置主要分为四种类型,CCL17是其中CC型的趋化因子,也被称作胸腺和活化调节趋化因子(thymus and activation r...趋化因子(chemoattractant cytokine ligand,CCL)是一类可趋化细胞移动的小分子肽物质,根据其分子结构中N-末端半胱氨酸的相对位置主要分为四种类型,CCL17是其中CC型的趋化因子,也被称作胸腺和活化调节趋化因子(thymus and activation regulated chemokine,TARC).趋化因子通过结合细胞表面的趋化因子受体(chemokine receptor,CCR)发挥其生物学功能,CCL17对应的膜受体为CCR4分子,主要表达于多种T淋巴细胞亚群的细胞膜表面.研究发现CCL17具有多样的生物学功能,它能够趋化CCR4阳性的细胞发生迁移作用,参与到机体的炎症、超敏反应及自身免疫性疾病等多种病理生理过程,近年来有关CCL17参与肿瘤微环境及影响机体肿瘤免疫功能的研究多有报道,研究发现CCL17可能通过调节性T细胞(regulatory T cells,Treg)发挥促进肿瘤生长与转移的作用,但也有相关报道证实CCL17在特定条件下亦具有抗肿瘤免疫作用.展开更多
文摘To study immune reactions and the mechanism of anergy induced by recombinant enterotoxin A (rSEA) of Staphylococcus aureus. The gene encoding SEA was cloned from standard strain of S. aureus and high efficiently expressed in E. coli. After immunization with purified rSEA, mice were examined for production of specific antibody, subtype of IgG, cytokine mRNA levels such as IFN-γ, IL-2 secretion and T-cell surface PD-1 expression. Results showed that high levels of specific antibodies were produced in two weeks of primary immunization shot. During this time, humoral immune reactions prevailed (IgG2a/ IgG1 【1). During the early phase, Th1 type cytokine mRNA is expressed at a higher level than Th2 type, indicating cellular immune reaction prevailed. Splen- ocyte IFN-γ secretion was significantly decreased after boosting immunization. The PD-1 expression was detected by a flow cytometry examination in the surface of T- lymphocytes which were induced by rSEA, and the expression of PD-1 molecules increased along with the number of boosting and the time after immunization.
文摘目的探讨联合谷氨酰胺(glutamine,Gln)的早期肠内营养(early enteral nutrition,EEN)对重症急性胰腺炎(severe acute pancreatitis,SAP)患者全身炎症反应和免疫功能的影响。方法将安徽医科大学附属安庆医院普外科2015年10月至2017年5月收治的SAP患者49例随机分为试验组(24例)及对照组(25例):试验组采用联合Gln的早期肠内营养,对照组采用单纯早期肠内营养。在入院后第1、6、11天分别检测两组患者的炎症指标[C-反应蛋白(CRP)、降钙素原(PCT)、白细胞介素6(IL-6)、白细胞介素8(IL-8)、肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)]及免疫指标(CD^(3+)、CD^(4+)、CD^(4+)/CD^(8+))等值。比较两组间的差异,进行统计学分析。结果(1)两组患者炎症指标及免疫指标在第1天的差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);(2)第6天,炎症指标CRP[(56.31±18.04)mg/L vs(98.12±11.54)mg/L,P=0.037]、IL-6[(45.87±10.99)pg/m L vs(54.72±4.77)pg/m L,P=0.026]、IL-8[(45.15±9.27)ng/m L vs(59.03±4.87)ng/m L,P=0.013]、TNF-α[(24.35±7.15)pg/m L vs(32.41±4.22)pg/m L,P=0.010]以及PCT[(1.11±0.49)ng/m L vs(1.50±0.30)ng/m L,P=0.024],试验组均低于对照组(P<0.05),而免疫指标CD^(3+)[(63.42±2.86)%vs(54.67±1.76)%,P=0.035]、CD^(4+)[(43.69±1.83)%vs(40.08±1.08)%,P=0.014]以及CD^(4+)/CD^(8+)[(2.25±0.39)vs(1.87±0.22),P=0.006],试验组均高于对照组(P<0.05);(3)第11天,炎症指标CRP[(16.81±7.56)mg/L vs(43.01±2.74)mg/L,P=0.009]、IL-6[(29.39±7.92)pg/m L vs(38.29±5.33)pg/m L,P=0.020]、IL-8[(30.73±9.26)ng/m L vs(39.69±5.26)ng/m L,P=0.018]、TNF-α[(13.87±5.67)pg/m L vs(20.35±3.82)pg/m L,P=0.019]以及PCT[(0.34±0.11)ng/m L vs(0.95±0.29)ng/m L,P=0.035],试验组均低于对照组(P<0.05),而免疫指标CD^(3+)[(69.68±1.87)%vs(61.14±1.21)%,P=0.017]、CD^(4+)[(54.27±3.23)%vs(45.30±1.59)%,P=0.007]以及CD^(4+)/CD^(8+)[(2.98±0.51)vs(2.01±0.28),P=0.012],试验组均高于对照组(P<0.05)。结论联合Gln的早期肠内营养比单纯的早期肠内营养能更好地降低SAP患者的全身炎症反应,提高免疫功能。
文摘Two traditional recommendation techniques, content-based and collaborative filtering （CF）, have been widely used in a broad range of domain areas. Both meth- ods have their advantages and disadvantages, and some of the defects can be resolved by integrating both techniques in a hybrid model to improve the quality of the recommendation. In this article, we will present a problem-oriented approach to design a hybrid immunizing solution for job recommen- dation problem from applicant＇s perspective. The proposed approach aims to recommend the best chances of opening jobs to the applicant who searches for job. It combines the artificial immune system （AIS）, which has a powerful explo- ration capability in polynomial time, with the collaborative filtering, which can exploit the neighbors＇ interests. We will discuss the design issues, as well as the hybridization process that should be applied to the problem. Finally, experimental studies are conducted and the results show the importance of our approach for solving the job recommendation problem.
文摘趋化因子(chemoattractant cytokine ligand,CCL)是一类可趋化细胞移动的小分子肽物质,根据其分子结构中N-末端半胱氨酸的相对位置主要分为四种类型,CCL17是其中CC型的趋化因子,也被称作胸腺和活化调节趋化因子(thymus and activation regulated chemokine,TARC).趋化因子通过结合细胞表面的趋化因子受体(chemokine receptor,CCR)发挥其生物学功能,CCL17对应的膜受体为CCR4分子,主要表达于多种T淋巴细胞亚群的细胞膜表面.研究发现CCL17具有多样的生物学功能,它能够趋化CCR4阳性的细胞发生迁移作用,参与到机体的炎症、超敏反应及自身免疫性疾病等多种病理生理过程,近年来有关CCL17参与肿瘤微环境及影响机体肿瘤免疫功能的研究多有报道,研究发现CCL17可能通过调节性T细胞(regulatory T cells,Treg)发挥促进肿瘤生长与转移的作用,但也有相关报道证实CCL17在特定条件下亦具有抗肿瘤免疫作用.
