Upper and Lower Bounds of the α-Universal Triple I Method for Unified Interval Implications

Theα-universal triple I(α-UTI)method is a recognized scheme in the field of fuzzy reasoning,whichwas proposed by our research group previously.The robustness of fuzzy reasoning determines the quality of reasoning algorithms to a large extent,which is quantified by calculating the disparity between the output of fuzzy reasoning with interference and the output without interference.Therefore,in this study,the interval robustness(embodied as the interval stability)of theα-UTI method is explored in the interval-valued fuzzy environment.To begin with,the stability of theα-UTI method is explored for the case of an individual rule,and the upper and lower bounds of its results are estimated,using four kinds of unified interval implications(including the R-interval implication,the S-interval implication,the QL-interval implication and the interval t-norm implication).Through analysis,it is found that theα-UTI method exhibits good interval stability for an individual rule.Moreover,the stability of theα-UTI method is revealed in the case of multiple rules,and the upper and lower bounds of its outcomes are estimated.The results show that theα-UTI method is stable for multiple rules when four kinds of unified interval implications are used,respectively.Lastly,theα-UTI reasoning chain method is presented,which contains a chain structure with multiple layers.The corresponding solutions and their interval perturbations are investigated.It is found that theα-UTI reasoning chain method is stable in the case of chain reasoning.Two application examples in affective computing are given to verify the stability of theα-UTImethod.In summary,through theoretical proof and example verification,it is found that theα-UTImethod has good interval robustness with four kinds of unified interval implications aiming at the situations of an individual rule,multi-rule and reasoning chain.

Depositional model of the Member Deng-2 marginal microbial mound-bank complex of the Dengying Formation in the southwestern Sichuan Basin, SW China: Implications for the Ediacaran microbial mound construction and hydrocarbon exploration

Recent advances in hydrocarbon exploration have been made in the Member Deng-2 marginal microbial mound-bank complex reservoirs of the Dengying Formation in the western Sichuan Basin, SW China,where the depositional process is regarded confusing. The microfacies, construction types, and depositional model of the Member Deng-2 marginal microbial mound-bank complex have been investigated using unmanned aerial vehicle photography, outcrop section investigation, thin section identification,and seismic reflections in the southwestern Sichuan Basin. The microbialite lithologic textures in this region include thrombolite, dendrolite, stromatolite, fenestral stromatolite, spongiostromata stone,oncolite, aggregated grainstone, and botryoidal grapestone. Based on the comprehensive analysis of“depositional fabrics-lithology-microfacies”, an association between a fore mound, mound framework,and back mound subfacies has been proposed based on water depth, current direction, energy level and lithologic assemblages. The microfacies of the mound base, mound core, mound flank, mound cap, and mound flat could be recognized among the mound framework subfacies. Two construction types of marginal microbial mound-bank complex have been determined based on deposition location, mound scale, migration direction, and sedimentary facies association. Type Jinkouhe microbial mound constructions(TJMMCs) develop along the windward margin owing to their proximity to the seaward subfacies fore mound, with a northeastwardly migrated microbial mound on top of the mud mound,exhibiting the characteristics of large-sized mounds and small-sized banks in the surrounding area. Type E'bian microbial mound constructions(TEMMCs) primarily occur on the leeward margin, resulting from the presence of onshore back mound subfacies, with the smaller southwestward migrated microbial mounds existing on a thicker microbial flat. The platform margin microbial mound depositional model can be correlated with certain lateral comparison profile and seismic reflection structures in the 2D seismic section, which can provide references for future worldwide exploration. Microbial mounds with larger buildups and thicker vertical reservoirs are typically targeted on the windward margin, while small-sized microbial mounds and flats with better lateral connections are typically focused on the leeward margin.

Three Dimensions of Cultivating New Generations: Value Implication, Scientific Connotation, and Cultivation Path

The new generation of the times is the latest requirement for young people in the new era,and it is the latest training goal for young people put forward by the Party and the country in the face of the second centennial goal.At the 19th National Congress,it was put forward by the country that the concept of“new generation of the times”for the first time,indicating the training direction and theoretical guidance for the new generation of the times.The new age requires young people to have firm ideals and beliefs,excellent skills,and a great spirit of responsibility.The proposition of cultivating a new generation of the times is a deep exploration and summary of Marx’s theory of“all-round human development,”Lenin’s youth view and the education view of excellent traditional Chinese culture,and the proposition needs to strengthen the leadership of the Party,give play to the leading role of socialist core values,and the youth themselves should actively act to realize the transformation of theoretical and practical results.

Discussion on the Implications of Expansion in Postgraduate Education

This paper explores the development of postgraduate education in China,including the overall situation of postgraduate education,the trend in enrollment expansion in professional degrees as well as in various academic fields;it also triggers the impact and discussion about the postgraduate enrollment expansion,such as over-education and credential inflation,as well as the concerns about the quality of education and talent cultivation and so forth.Although the expansion brings various problems,the challenges may also become new opportunities for higher education reform,this paper also provides some suggestions on the expansion of postgraduate education.

An Update Method of Decision Implication Canonical Basis on Attribute Granulating

Decision implication is a form of decision knowledge represen-tation,which is able to avoid generating attribute implications that occur between condition attributes and between decision attributes.Compared with other forms of decision knowledge representation,decision implication has a stronger knowledge representation capability.Attribute granularization may facilitate the knowledge extraction of different attribute granularity layers and thus is of application significance.Decision implication canonical basis(DICB)is the most compact set of decision implications,which can efficiently represent all knowledge in the decision context.In order to mine all deci-sion information on decision context under attribute granulating,this paper proposes an updated method of DICB.To this end,the paper reduces the update of DICB to the updates of decision premises after deleting an attribute and after adding granulation attributes of some attributes.Based on this,the paper analyzes the changes of decision premises,examines the properties of decision premises,designs an algorithm for incrementally generating DICB,and verifies its effectiveness through experiments.In real life,by using the updated algorithm of DICB,users may obtain all decision knowledge on decision context after attribute granularization.

On Boolean elements and derivations in 2-dimension linguistic lattice implication algebras

A 2-dimension linguistic lattice implication algebra(2DL-LIA)can build a bridge between logical algebra and 2-dimension fuzzy linguistic information.In this paper,the notion of a Boolean element is proposed in a 2DL-LIA and some properties of Boolean elements are discussed.Then derivations on 2DL-LIAs are introduced and the related properties of derivations are investigated.Moreover,it proves that the derivations on 2DL-LIAs can be constructed by Boolean elements.

Influencing mechanism and hydrogeological implications of water level fluctuation of lakes in the northern Qaidam Basin,Qinghai-Tibet Plateau

The Qaidam Basin(QB)is a concentrated distribution area and chemical industrial bases of salt lakes in China.Lakes in the QB have been expanding during the past 20 years.Rapid lake expansion resulted in some considerable scientific issues on the protection of salt lake resources and infrastructure,and monitoring of hydrological processes at the lake-basin scale.Although the spatial-temporal trends of lake changes on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau(QTP)have been well documented,the underlying influencing mechanism and hydrogeological implications of rapid lake changes in the QB are not well understood.Three lakes in the northern QB were selected to investigate lake water level fluctuations on different time scales based on extensive in-situ monitoring and satellite observations.The influencing mechanism and hydrogeological implications of rapid changes of terminal lakes were discussed in combination with the reported increasing precipitation rate and mass balance of glaciers in the northern QTP.Results reveal the following:(1)the fluctuation pattern of Sugan Lake was asynchronous and out of phase with that of Xiao Qaidam and Toson lakes during the monitoring period;(2)Sugan Lake water rose gradually,and the rise interval was from late April to early July.In contrast,Xiao Qaidam and Toson lakes took on a rapid and steep rise,and the rise intervalwas from late July to September;(3)the influencing mechanisms for rapid lake fluctuations are controlled by different factors:glacier and snow melting with increasing temperature for Sugan Lake and increasing precipitation for Xiao Qaidam and Toson lakes;(4)in accordance with different intervals and influencing mechanisms of rapid lake expansions in the QB,hydrological risk precaution of lakes and corresponding river catchments was conducted in different parts of the basin.This study provided an important scientific basis for assessing the hydrological process and hydrological risk precaution,and protection of salt lake resources along with rapid lake expansions in the arid area.

Clinical implications of forkhead box M1, cyclooxygenase-2, and glucose-regulated protein 78 in breast invasive ductal carcinoma

BACKGROUND Breast infiltrating ductal carcinoma(BIDC)represents the largest heterotypic tumor group,and an in-depth understanding of the pathogenesis of BIDC is key to improving its prognosis.AIM To analyze the expression profiles and clinical implications of forkhead box M1(FOXM1),cyclooxygenase-2(COX-2),and glucose-regulated protein 78(GRP78)in BIDC.METHODS A total of 65 BIDC patients and 70 healthy controls who presented to our hospital between August 2019 and May 2021 were selected for analysis.The peripheral blood FOXM1,COX-2,and GRP78 levels in both groups were measured and the association between their expression profiles in BIDC was examined.Additionally,we investigated the diagnostic value of FOXM1,COX-2,and GRP78 in patients with BIDC and their correlations with clinicopathological features.Furthermore,BIDC patients were followed for 1 year to identify factors influencing patient prognosis.RESULTS The levels of FOXM1,COX-2,and GRP78 were significantly higher in BIDC patients compared to healthy controls(P<0.05),and a positive correlation was observed among them(P<0.05).Receiver operating characteristic analysis demonstrated that FOXM1,COX-2,and GRP78 had excellent diagnostic value in predicting the occurrence of BIDC(P<0.05).Subsequently,we found significant differences in FOXM1,COX-2,and GRP78 levels among patients with different histological grades and metastasis statuses(with vs without)(P<0.05).Cox analysis revealed that FOXM1,COX-2,GRP78,increased histological grade,and the presence of tumor metastasis were independent risk factors for prognostic death in BIDC(P<0.001).CONCLUSION FOXM1,COX-2,and GRP78 exhibit abnormally high expression in BIDC,promoting malignant tumor development and closely correlating with prognosis.These findings hold significant research implications for the future diagnosis and treatment of BIDC.

New Developments in US Arctic Strategy and Their Implications for Arctic Governance

With the increasing strategic relevance of the Arctic region in the international system,the United States,as the global hegemon and also an Arctic country,has gradually viewed the region as an important arena to address its alleged security threats and conduct major-power competition.

Empress Wu Zetian and the Development of Buddhism:Historical Significance and Contemporary Implications

The paper focuses on Wu Zetian,the only empress in China’s history,and her relationship with Buddhism.This study focuses on the book Zizhi Tongjian and compares the differences in the portrayal of Wu Zetian’s connection with Buddhism with the ancient texts of the Old Tang Book and the New Tang Book.It uses historical contextualism to analyze the epochal implications of these differences in the Northern Song Dynasty.Additionally,the paper discusses how historians downplayed or marginalized Wu Zetian’s achievements while emphasizing the negative aspects of her reign.Notably,historian Sima Guang,who was influenced by Confucianism and his own political situation,produced a biased description of Wu Zetian and the Buddhism which she promoted during her reign.

Association between Support and Satisfaction with Life among Older Adults in Ekiti, Nigeria: Findings and Implications

Many developing countries like Nigeria lack policy for the care of the older adults and this creates major challenges for the elderly population. The traditional family institution and community support that used to be safety nest are being adversely affected by westernization. This development might have adverse effect on life satisfaction among the older adults. This hospital based cross-sectional study was designed to determine the association between support and life satisfaction among older adults. A total of 128 subjects participated in the study out of which 28.9% were satisfied with life. Expectation of support was mainly from the family, less from the community and very low from the government. The level of support received from all sources generally fell short of expectations. Marital status and source of livelihood were significantly associated with life satisfaction. There is inadequate social support from the government and support from family and community fell below expectations. Expectations of support were the most strongly correlated with life satisfaction. Support for older adults must be addressed in order to meet their expectations and improve their level of satisfaction with life.

Exploring the Implications of Patient Advocacy Outcomes among Practicing Nurses within the Hospital Context: A Qualitative Research

Background: Nurses are expected by their international code of ethics to advocate for patients to enhance safety and quality care. However, there is a limited understanding regarding the implications of specific patient advocacy outcomes experienced by nurses who advocate for patients in the hospital context. Purpose: This study explored the implications of patient advocacy outcomes experienced among practicing nurses in the hospital context. Methods: A qualitative, descriptive study design was utilized. Data was collected through purposive sampling and an in-depth semi-structured interview of 25 Registered Nurses in an acute care hospital. An inductive qualitative content analysis method was used, and the SRQR guidelines for reporting qualitative studies were followed. Results: This study revealed that nurses who succeeded in advocating for patients experienced feelings of happiness, increased confidence levels, increased work output, and job satisfaction. However, nurses who failed to succeed in advocating for patients experienced physical, emotional, and psychological consequences, which contributed negatively to the quality of patient care. Therapeutic communication and nurses’ commitment to intervene for patients emerged as vital qualities and skills required to succeed in the patient advocacy process. Conclusions: This study showed that patient advocacy has advantages. However, when nurses fail to succeed in their attempt to advocate for patients in clinical practice, the outcomes can negatively affect their own well-being and the quality of patient care delivery. These study results could promote awareness and help nurses to develop strategies for improving patient advocacy activities based on their experiences. Additionally, nurses can seek help, including psychological counseling, when necessary to enhance their optimal well-being as they care for their patients. Nursing educational institutions and hospital managers can support, train, and equip nurses with the required skills for enhancing positive advocacy outcomes. .

The Value Implication and Practical Path Yan'an Spirit into Middle School Education

During the Yan’an period,the Chinese Communists cultivated and formed the Yan’an spirit.The main contents of the Yan’an spirit include the firm and correct political direction,the ideological line of emancipating the mind and seeking truth from facts,the fundamental purpose of serving the people wholeheartedly,and the entrepreneurial spirit of self-reliance and hard work.The Yan’an spirit has played an important role in various periods of China’s revolution,construction,and reform.In the current era of socialism with Chinese characteristics,it is essential to extract the educational value of the Yan’an spirit.By incorporating the Yan’an spirit into middle school education,students can adhere to the correct political orientation,adhere to their ideals and beliefs,adhere to mind emancipation and seeking truth from facts,adhere to the people-centered approach,and adhere to self-reliance.The integration of the Yan’an spirit into classroom teaching,campus activities,project-based learning,and study trips plays a vital role in educating students about the Yan’an spirit,contributing significantly to the cultivation of successive generations of socialist builders and successors.

核心素养培养背景下体验式阅读教学的价值意蕴

基于中国学生语文核心素养培养,围绕当前语文教育存在的问题,分析体验式阅读教学的“一体四面”。从为教师专业化成长开辟“新赛道”、学生转变学习方式等方面探讨体验式阅读教学的价值意蕴。

论STEM教育的本土化建构:内涵、价值及实践探索

STEM教育很早就被引入国内并成为我国科技与工程教育的重要教育理念和方式。但是作为一个“舶来品”,在我国面向未来的教育改革中,STEM教育必须进行本土化建构,才能更好地服务于我国科技创新人才培养的需求。内涵上,在我国中小学教育领域,“STEM教育”这个术语有着多种既相互关联又兼具不同指向的多元内涵:它既是一个研究领域、一种育人理念,又是一种课程形态、一种教学方式。价值上,我国STEM教育有着自己的教育实践土壤,必须通过本土化改造,突出育人方式变革,聚焦核心素养发展,培植现代化的教育生态,才能发挥其育人价值,真正成为我国学校教育的重要表征。虽然STEM教育自21世纪初被引入后日趋与我国教育改革实践相融合,但当前仍然面临教学方式固化、教育目标不清、教师能力不足等现实问题。在推动教育现代化发展和教育数字化战略行动的大背景下,唯有将STEM教育研究及其本土化改造与创新融入我国教育改革的内在构成之中,才能使其在我国发挥持久的生命力。

美国研究型大学的拔尖创新人才选拔

美国研究型大学在招生选拔目标上注重考查拔尖创新人才的T型知识结构、创造性思维和强烈的内在动机。在选拔手段上普遍采用综合评价机制,多数大学侧重对学生申请材料的整体评价,少数大学侧重个人独特品质的整体评价或是对学生学习环境的整体评价,但均看重多元考试成绩和学习背景,只有少数高选拔性私立大学注重对学生非学术因素的评价。在拔尖创新人才的选拔质量和公信力的制度保障上,美国大学拥有充分的自主权,但制度保障缺乏透明性,考试机构和高中则主要发挥基础性作用。其对我国研究型大学拔尖创新人才选拔的启示,一是科学考查基础学科拔尖创新人才的多样性特质,二是优化以统一考试为基础的中国特色综合评价机制,三是在人才选拔过程的公平性上继续完善管理制度保障。

中国特色农业强国建设的价值意蕴与推进路径

中国特色农业强国是基于我国国情农情提出的农业发展战略,是兼顾国内农业发展特殊个性与国际农业现代化普遍共性的创新探索,更是全面建设社会主义现代化国家的重要支撑。新时期,推进中国特色农业强国建设有利于实现农民农村共同富裕,完善现代农业产业体系,打造人与自然和谐共生的美丽乡村。鉴于此,文章提出以下几点:以实现共同富裕为目标,明确中国特色农业强国建设的重要方向;以促进乡村产业兴旺为根本,夯实中国特色农业强国建设的基础保障;以创设乡村生态宜居环境为指向,厘清中国特色农业强国建设的具体思路;以实现创新驱动发展为动力,保证中国特色农业强国建设的高效推进。

新时代推进“第二个结合”的价值意蕴、原则要求和现实路径

“第二个结合”作为又一次思想解放,是新时代持续推动党的理论创新的重要前提、努力实现中华优秀传统文化现代转型的内生动力、自觉担负新的文化使命的科学指南、不断促进与世界文明交流互鉴的坚实保障。新时代新征程不断推进“第二个结合”,要在遵循理论性与实践性、守正性与创新性、学理性与大众性、历史性与现实性、民族性与世界性辩证统一原则的基础上,把握结合方向、培育结合主体、丰富结合载体、拓展结合视域,实现马克思主义思想精髓同中华优秀传统文化精华的贯通融通,聚变为新的理论优势,为在新的起点上继续推动文化繁荣、建设文化强国、建设中华民族现代文明,以文化复兴助力民族复兴奠定坚实的思想基础。

转型期乡村纠纷治理共同体的构建逻辑与推进策略——基于价值-制度的分析

作为社会治理共同体复调叙事之一,乡村纠纷治理共同体构成破解乡村解纷机制碎片化的可能方案。立足转型期乡村社会境遇,从共同体理论切入,乡村纠纷治理共同体可视为乡村多元解纷行动者以共同认可的制度规范为保障,创设乡村纠纷调解方案,推动乡村纠纷治理有效,满足人民美好生活需要目标的有机集合体。从逻辑上看,乡村纠纷治理共同体内嵌着价值意蕴与制度体系相互耦合的作用关系。价值意蕴是核心,侧重阐发从共同体成员个体、组织、社会的多元价值追求,并最终指向以人民为中心的乡村纠纷治理共同体目标愿景。制度体系是保障,重在厘清乡村纠纷治理共同体中差异化解纷行动者的身份边界及其治理结构。价值意蕴对制度体系的形成与维系具有导向引领功能,制度体系则是价值意蕴的外显形态和实现凭借,两者及其关联性成为理解乡村纠纷治理共同体的重要面向。未来持续深入推进乡村纠纷治理共同体建设,要坚持党的全面领导,进一步健全价值内化机制与制度行动体系,驱动乡村纠纷治理共同体组织优势转化为治理效能,推进乡村纠纷治理共同体迈向新高度。

新时代井冈山红色文化融入高校思想政治教育的价值意蕴、现实困境和实践路径探析

井冈山红色文化是中国共产党在井冈山革命斗争中形成的宝贵精神财富,具有深厚的思想意涵和鲜明的内在特质,将其融入高校思想政治教育,对于提升高校思想政治教育成效、培育大学生艰苦奋斗的品质以及促进井冈山红色文化的宣扬具有重要意义。在井冈山红色文化融入高校思想政治教育的过程中,高校思想政治教育主体、介体和环体维度分别存在融入内容有限、融入方式单一、融入氛围淡薄等问题,阻滞了整体的融入进程。为消除这些现实困境,高校应从红色资源挖掘、教学方式优化、校园环境浸染等方面综合施策,切实提升井冈山红色文化融入高校思想政治教育的实际成效。