Previous studies show that transient axonal glycoprotein-1, a ligand of amyloid precursor pro- tein, increases the secretion of amyloid precursor protein intracellular domain and is involved in apoptosis in Alzheimer...Previous studies show that transient axonal glycoprotein-1, a ligand of amyloid precursor pro- tein, increases the secretion of amyloid precursor protein intracellular domain and is involved in apoptosis in Alzheimer＇s disease. In this study, we examined the effects of transient axonal glyco- protein-1 on U251 glioma cells. 3-（4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl）-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay showed that transient axonal glycoprotein-1 did not inhibit the proliferation of U251 cells, but promoted cell viability. The terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling assay showed that transient axonal glycoprotein-1 did not induce U251 cell apoptosis. Real-time PCR revealed that transient axonal glycoprotein-1 substantially upregulated levels of amyloid precursor protein intracellular C-terminal domain, and p53 and epidermal growth factor recep- tor mRNA expression. Thus, transient axonal glycoprotein-1 increased apoptosis-related gene expression in U251 cells without inducing apoptosis. Instead, transient axonal glycoprotein-1 promoted the proliferation of these glioma cells.展开更多
The scaled boundary finite element method （SBFEM） is a novel semi-analytical technique that combines the advantages of the finite element method and the boundary element method with unique properties of its own. Thi...The scaled boundary finite element method （SBFEM） is a novel semi-analytical technique that combines the advantages of the finite element method and the boundary element method with unique properties of its own. This method has proven very efficient and accurate for determining the stress intensity factors （SIFs） for mode I and mode II two-dimensional crack problems. One main reason is that the SBFEM has a unique capacity of analytically representing the stress singularities at the crack tip. In this paper the SBFEM is developed for mode III （out of plane deformation） two-dimensional fracture anMysis. In addition, cubic B-spline functions are employed in this paper for constructing the shape functions in the circumferential direction so that higher continuity between elements is obtained. Numerical examples are presented at the end to demonstrate the simplicity and accuracy of the present approach for mode Ⅲ two-dimensional fracture analysis.展开更多
基金supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.81171179,81272439the Key Sci-Tech Research Projects of Guangdong Province in China,No.2008A030201019the Guangzhou Municipal Science and Technology Project in China,No.09B52120112-2009J1-C418-2,No.2008A1-E4011-6
文摘Previous studies show that transient axonal glycoprotein-1, a ligand of amyloid precursor pro- tein, increases the secretion of amyloid precursor protein intracellular domain and is involved in apoptosis in Alzheimer＇s disease. In this study, we examined the effects of transient axonal glyco- protein-1 on U251 glioma cells. 3-（4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl）-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay showed that transient axonal glycoprotein-1 did not inhibit the proliferation of U251 cells, but promoted cell viability. The terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling assay showed that transient axonal glycoprotein-1 did not induce U251 cell apoptosis. Real-time PCR revealed that transient axonal glycoprotein-1 substantially upregulated levels of amyloid precursor protein intracellular C-terminal domain, and p53 and epidermal growth factor recep- tor mRNA expression. Thus, transient axonal glycoprotein-1 increased apoptosis-related gene expression in U251 cells without inducing apoptosis. Instead, transient axonal glycoprotein-1 promoted the proliferation of these glioma cells.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.11002054)
文摘The scaled boundary finite element method （SBFEM） is a novel semi-analytical technique that combines the advantages of the finite element method and the boundary element method with unique properties of its own. This method has proven very efficient and accurate for determining the stress intensity factors （SIFs） for mode I and mode II two-dimensional crack problems. One main reason is that the SBFEM has a unique capacity of analytically representing the stress singularities at the crack tip. In this paper the SBFEM is developed for mode III （out of plane deformation） two-dimensional fracture anMysis. In addition, cubic B-spline functions are employed in this paper for constructing the shape functions in the circumferential direction so that higher continuity between elements is obtained. Numerical examples are presented at the end to demonstrate the simplicity and accuracy of the present approach for mode Ⅲ two-dimensional fracture analysis.
