Sn掺杂In_3O_2半导体薄膜的制备及其性能研究

采用磁控溅射方法在玻璃基底上制备了Sn掺杂In3O2(In3O2:Sn)半导体薄膜,通过XRD、XPS、四探针仪和分光光度计等测试表征,研究了生长速率对薄膜结构和光电性能的影响.结果表明:所制备的薄膜均具为(222)择优取向的立方锰铁矿结构,其结构参数和光电性能明显受到生长速率的影响.当生长速率为4 nm/min时,In3O2:Sn薄膜具有最大的晶粒尺寸(32.5 nm)、最高的可见光区平均透过率(86.4%)和最大的优值因子(7.9×104Ω-1·m-1),其光电性能最好.同时采用Tauc公式计算了样品的光学带隙,结果表明:光学带隙随着生长速率的增大而单调减小.

POLARIZED SPECKLE-PHOTOELASTICITY FOR 3-D STRESS ANALYSIS

Combining speckle interferometry with photoelasticity,the absolute retardation fringes in 3-D model are obtained by interference of the polarized rays reflected from the two surfaces of a sandwiched plate inside the model.This method can avoid the troubles introduced by Poisson's ratio μ=0.5 and stress-optical constants ratio A/B=-2 of the photoelastic material in a stress-frozenstate,and yield the re- sults which provide necessary supplementary information for the completely-experimental solution of 3-D stress state.A comparison of experimental results with theoretical ones shoves the feasibility of the method proposed in the present paper.

Evolution of Optical Transport Networks and Their Solution in 3G Networks

As new generation mobile networks, 3G networks focus on data services and integrate voice, data and multimedia services. However, traditional Optical Transport Networks (OTNs) cannot meet the requirements of 3G networks anymore, because of their complicated configuration, low bandwidth efficiency, high cost, and bad network and service scalability. The emerging of Multi-Service Transport Platform (MSTP), Wavelength Division Multiplexing (WDM), and Automatically Switched Optical Network (ASON) technologies for optical fiber communications makes up for these weaknesses. The leading solution to 3G access transport networks is the MSTP technology based on Synchronous Digital Hierarchy (SDH), while that to 3G core transport network is ASON+WDM.

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Analysis Report on Prosperity Index of China＇s Natural Gas Industry in 3Q 2017

The following outcomes can be observed according to the statistical analysis on the prosperity index of China’s natural gas industry:In the third quarter of 2017,the prosperity index of China’s natural gas industry was 53.67,which was in a normal business climate,slightly up compared with the prosperity index of 52.27 in the second quarter of 2017.The seasonal

昆钢新区2500m3高炉联合软水密闭循环冷却系统

本文介绍了联合软水密闭循环系统在昆钢新区2500m3高炉的应用，该系统对高炉的相关冷却设备实现全软水冷却，生产中通过及时监测冷却系统的进出口流量、温度、压力、热负荷的变化。并加以控制，为高炉生产运行提供参考依据。

In^(3+)-doped Sr_(2)Fe_(1.5)Mo_(0.5)O_(6−δ)cathode with improved performance for an intermediate-temperature solid oxide fuel cell

Promoting the oxygen reduction reaction(ORR)is critical for commercialization of intermediate-temperature solid oxide fuel cells(IT-SOFCs),where Sr_(2)Fe_(1.5)Mo_(0.5)O_(6)−δ(SFM)is a promising cathode by working as a mixed ionic and electronic conductor.In this work,doping of In^(3+)greatly increases the oxygen vacancy concentration and the content of adsorbed oxygen species in Sr_(2)Fe_(1.5)Mo_(0.5−x)InxO_(6−δ)(SFMInx),and thus effectively promotes the ORR performance.As a typical example,SFMIn_(0.1)reduces the polarization resistance(R_(p))from 0.089 to 0.046Ω∙cm^(2)at 800°C,which is superior to those doped with other metal elements.In addition,SFMIn0.1 increases the peak power density from 0.92 to 1.47 W∙cm^(−2)at 800°C with humidified H_(2)as the fuel,indicating that In3+doping at the Mo site can effectively improve the performance of SOFC cathode material.

强酸性阳离子交换纤维吸附铟的热力学

采用自制强酸性阳离子交换纤维对水溶液中In3＋的吸附特性进行研究，在温度为293-323K和研究的浓度范围内，强酸性阳离子交换纤维对In3＋吸附平衡数据采用Langmuir、Dubini-Radushkevieh（D-R）、Freundlich、Temkin、Redlich-Peterson（R-P）和Koble-Corrigan（K-C）等6种等温吸附模型，对在不同温度下SACEF吸附In计的等温实验数据进行线性和非线性拟合。结果表明：除Langmuir非线性拟合及Dubini—Radushkevieh模型之外，其余模型的线性及非线性拟合结果均较好，可以用于描述强酸性阳离子交换纤维吸附水中In3＋的等温吸附行为，相关系数R2值都在0．9左右。综合考虑相关系数来看，Langmuir模型（线性拟合）最为适合。等量吸附焓表明：强酸性阳离子交换纤维对In3＋吸附是吸热过程，水合In3-离子在强酸性阳离子交换纤维上的吸附焓大于0，是一个吸热、自发和熵增的过程，并对吸附行为进行了合理解释。

Cu_7In_3前驱膜制备(112)择优取向CuInS_2薄膜

为考察具有Cu_7In_3相结构的Cu-In前驱膜对CuInS_2薄膜微结构的影响,采用电沉积法制备了Cu-In薄膜,并对制备态Cu-In薄膜在380℃进行真空退火处理制备Cu_7In_3前驱膜。采用硫化法对制备态Cu-In薄膜和Cu_7In_3薄膜进行硫化处理制备了CIS薄膜。结果表明,两种前驱膜经硫化处理均在表面生成Cu_xS偏析相,经KCN刻蚀处理发现以Cu_7In_3为前驱膜制备的CuInS_2薄膜高质量结晶,具有(112)择优取向,适合于制备CIS薄膜太阳能电池吸收层。

MECHANICAL BEHAVIORS OF SATURATED SAND UNDER COMPLICATED LOADING

The different physical states of saturated sand, including shear elasticity, positive dilatancy, and negative dilatancy (preliminary negative dilatancy, secondary negative dilatancy and reversal negative dilatancy) are revealed based on the pore water pressure response of saturated sand in undrained dynamic torsional tests of thin cylinder samples and also checked by the drained cyclic triaxial tests under a given mean effective normal stress. According to the effective stress path of different physical states under the undrained cyclic torsional tests the physical state transformation surface, stress history boundary and yield surface are determined, and the state boundary surface is also determined by the range of effective frictional stress state movement. Based on the moving yield surface without rotation, and the expanding stress history boundary surface relevant to the stress path variations under different physical states in 3D stress space, a physical state model is proposed to provide a new approach to calculating the transient pore water pressure under the undrained condition, and the volume strain of dilatation under drained condition in this paper.

Study of Reinforcement Distribution,Adhesion between Layers,and Porosity Induced by FDM

This study aims to understand the distribution of reinforcement material in the matrix,evaluate the adherence between layers,and determine the air gap between printing roads.We printed the specimen with two different composite materials,Polylactic Acid(PLA)reinforced with acrylic particles,and another filament reinforced with short carbon fibers.For the observations of the samples,we used a Confocal Microscope.We estimated the porosity of the material by comparing the expected mass with that achieved after manufacture.By pixel count,after binarization,we found the average percentage of acrylate particulate.They showed fair distribution through the PLA matrix even after the manufacturing process.The determination of fibers alignment was made by binarization of image,together with k-means and edge detection.This combination of methods allows estimating the fiber alignment by orientation straight lines.The manufacturing process did not offer good alignment of the fibers,even with the filament initially well aligned.

Three-dimensional vertical ZnO transistors with suspended top electrodes fabricated by focused ion beam technology

Three-dimensional(3D)vertical architecture transistors represent an important technological pursuit,which have distinct advantages in device integration density,operation speed,and power consumption.However,the fabrication processes of such 3D devices are complex,especially in the interconnection of electrodes.In this paper,we present a novel method which combines suspended electrodes and focused ion beam(FIB)technology to greatly simplify the electrodes interconnection in 3D devices.Based on this method,we fabricate 3D vertical core-double shell structure transistors with ZnO channel and Al_(2)O_(3) gate-oxide both grown by atomic layer deposition.Suspended top electrodes of vertical architecture could be directly connected to planar electrodes by FIB deposited Pt nanowires,which avoid cumbersome steps in the traditional 3D structure fabrication technology.Both single pillar and arrays devices show well behaved transfer characteristics with an Ion/Ioff current ratio greater than 106 and a low threshold voltage around 0 V.The ON-current of the 2×2 pillars vertical channel transistor was 1.2μA at the gate voltage of 3 V and drain voltage of 2 V,which can be also improved by increasing the number of pillars.Our method for fabricating vertical architecture transistors can be promising for device applications with high integration density and low power consumption.

回流次数对In3Ag焊料微观组织和剪切性能的影响

用扫描电镜和能量色散仪分别对In3Ag焊料焊点基体及其与铜基板界面IMC(Intermetallic compound)层的组织结构进行观察和分析,用力学试验机测试焊点的剪切强度,研究了电子封装中回流次数对In3Ag焊料微观组织和剪切性能的影响。结果表明:随着回流次数的增加,基体中二次相AgIn2显著长大,由颗粒状变为长条状,界面IMC层(成分为(Ag,Cu)In_2)的厚度线性增加,其生长由界面反应速率和组元扩散速率混合控制,焊点剪切强度呈下降趋势,由1次回流的5.03 MPa降到5次回流的2.58 MPa;回流1、2、3次后焊点剪切断裂方式均为焊料内部韧性断裂,回流5次后断裂机制转变为韧脆混合断裂。

硫酸介质中D2EHPA萃取In^(3+)与Fe^(3+)的动力学

采用恒界面池法研究了从硫酸介质中萃取In3+和Fe3+的动力学,考察了搅拌速度、界面面积、温度、萃取剂浓度、氢离子活度及硫酸根浓度对In3+,Fe3+萃取速率的影响.结果表明,在温度25℃、搅拌转速70～240 r/min条件下,In3+以三价离子形式被萃取,萃取活化能为17.54 k J/mol,萃取过程为扩散控制;Fe3+以Fe SO4+形式被萃取,萃取活化能为52.87 k J/mol,萃取过程为界面化学反应控制.增加D2EHPA浓度可增大正向反应动力,提高萃取速率.萃取过程为阳离子交换,氢离子活度增加会导致萃取速率降低,硫酸根与金属离子的络合效应会降低萃取速率.通过动力学研究得到In3+萃取的正向速率方程为-d CIn3+/dt=10-0.378[In3+](aq)[H+](aq)-0.376[H2A2](org)0.158,Fe3+萃取的正向速率方程为-d CFe3+/dt=10-2.413[Fe3+](aq)[H+](aq)-1.526[H2A2](org)0.600.

In^(3+)掺杂CeO_2的固溶度及其储氧能力

以(CH_2OH)2和H_2O的混合溶液为溶剂,Ce(NO_3)_3?6H_2O和In(NO_3)_3?4.5H_2O分别为Ce和In源,采用溶剂热法在200℃下合成了前驱体,再经500℃焙烧2 h制备了In^(3+)掺杂的CeO_2粉末.通过研究一系列In^(3+)的添加浓度,得出In^(3+)掺杂CeO_2中In^(3+)的固溶度为1%(摩尔分数).In^(3+)掺杂对CeO_2形貌的影响不大,固溶In^(3+)前后的CeO_2颗粒形貌均为层状结构,但当In^(3+)的添加量高于固溶度时,出现了细碎的第二相颗粒.In^(3+)饱和掺杂浓度时CeO_2粉末的比表面积高于未掺杂的CeO_2,达到100 m2/g,当In^(3+)的添加量大于等于3%时比表面积有所下降.In^(3+)添加量对储氧能力的影响为:首先,In^(3+)的引入能够明显降低CeO_2的低温还原峰温度;其次,当In^(3+)的添加量为饱和浓度1%时,CeO_2的低温储氧能力由未掺杂的3.6×10-4mol/g提高到4.4×10-4mol/g;当In^(3+)的浓度大于等于3%时,试样的低温储氧能力先有所下降,随后趋于稳定.不同In^(3+)添加量CeO_2粉末的晶格常数、氧空位浓度、比表面积和低温储氧能力都在1%In^(3+)固溶度的位置出现了转折.低温储氧能力与比表面积和氧空位浓度都有关联,是二者综合作用的结果.

Anti-adipogenic effect of flavonoids from Chromolaena odorata leaves in 3T3-L1 adipocytes

Objective： The leaves of Chromolaena odorata, a highly invasive shrub found growing wild worldwide, are traditionally used for wound healing. Due to its high flavonoid contents, we aimed to find a new appli- cation for this plant. Preliminary tests using its ethanolic leaf extract showed that it could suppress the accumulation of lipids in adipocytes. We therefore studied the anti-adipogenic effect of several C. odorata leaf extracts and the relationship between molecular structure and bio-activity of its isolated flavonoid constituents using 3T3-LI preadipocytes/adipocytes as a model. Methods： Three leaf extracts and thirteen flavonoids isolated from C odorata were tested for their effect on lipid accumulation in 3T3-L1 adipocytes using AdipoRed reagent, with quercetin as the positive con- trol. The effects of active flavonoids on the adipocytes were confirmed by oil red O staining and visualized under a light microscope.Results： n-Hexane and ethyl acetate extracts of C odorata leaves displayed anti-adipogenic activity. The latter extract was the more potent one, especially at 40 μg/mL. Four flavonoids, pectolinarigenin, kaemp- feride, 4,2＇-dihydroxy-4＇,5＇,6＇-trimethoxychalcone and dillenetin, exhibited significant, concentration- dependent inhibitory effects on lipid accumulation in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. The most potent flavonoid obtained in this study was 4,2＇-dihydroxy-4＇,5＇,6＇-trimethoxychalcone, which caused 75% and 90% inhi- bition of cellular lipid accumulation at 30 and 50μmol/L, respectively. Both kaempferide and 4,2＇-dihy droxy-4＇,5＇,6＇-trimethoxychalcone were major constituents in the ethyl acetate extract of this plant.Conclusion： C odorata leaves contained several flavonoids with anti-adipogenic effects against lipid accu- mulation in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. The plant, normally considered a useless weed, may actually provide an abundant source of biologically active flavonoids.

Generic conformally flat hypersurfaces and surfaces in 3-sphere

The aim of this paper is to verify that the study of generic conformally flat hypersurfaces in 4-dimensional space forms is reduced to a surface theory in the standard 3-sphere.The conformal structure of generic conformally flat(local-)hypersurfaces is characterized as conformally flat(local-)3-metrics with the Guichard condition.Then,there is a certain class of orthogonal analytic(local-)Riemannian 2-metrics with constant Gauss curvature-1 such that any 2-metric of the class gives rise to a one-parameter family of conformally flat 3-metrics with the Guichard condition.In this paper,we firstly relate 2-metrics of the class to surfaces in the 3-sphere:for a 2-metric of the class,a 5-dimensional set of(non-isometric)analytic surfaces in the 3-sphere is determined such that any surface of the set gives rise to an evolution of surfaces in the 3-sphere issuing from the surface and the evolution is the Gauss map of a generic conformally flat hypersurface in the Euclidean4-space.Secondly,we characterize analytic surfaces in the 3-sphere which give rise to generic conformally flat hypersurfaces.

A Key to Genome Maze in 3D

How a genome with linear length over meters is compacted into the micrometer-sized nucleus of higher eukaryotic cells, and how this compaction affects and is affected by the genome functionalities have puzzled biologists for decades. There are mainly two classes of technologies that are dedicated to the probing of genome spatial organization. Image-based analyses of three-dimensional （3D） fluorescence in situ hybridization （FISH） [1] have been widely used in genome spatial research. This technology family has contributed to many early land- mark discoveries of 3D genome （e.g., finding that chromo- somes occupy distinct non-overlapping territories in interphase [2]）, and continues to assist biologists in zooming into the genome spatial structure [3]. The other technology family is 3D genome mapping, which takes advantage of the next-generation sequencing （NGS） technology to sample the proximity ligated genome fragments [4,5] as chromatin interac- tions. Chromatin interaction analysis by paired-end tag sequencing （ChIA-PET） and high-throughput chromosome conformation capture （Hi-C） are two representative technolo- gies in this class [4,5]. ChIA-PET detects chromatin interac- tions mediated by specific protein factors, thus it is more specific and has higher resolution in comparison to Hi-C, which captures all chromatin contacts comprehensively. Since the introduction of ChIA-PET and Hi-C seven years ago [6,7], more detailed spatial genome architectures have been revealed,such as topologically associated domains （TAD） [8] and clus- tered gene promoters for transcription [9]. However, both Hi-C and ChlA-PET technologies face challenges including data noise stemming from complicated experimental protocols, exponential explosion in the sequencing depth required for higher resolution analysis, and large starting cell numbers. Some endeavors have been made to address one or some of such challenges. For instance, DNase I or micrococcal nucle- ase have been used to substitute restriction enzymes for chro- matin fragmentation, enabling higher resolution in chromatin contact mapping [10,11].