In principle,nature reserves are managed and controlled according to the core area and the general control area.At present,there is no relevant design specification for the design system of patrol road in various prot...In principle,nature reserves are managed and controlled according to the core area and the general control area.At present,there is no relevant design specification for the design system of patrol road in various protected areas.This paper analyzed the factors to be considered in determining the grade,horizontal and vertical design indicators,and cross section indicators of the patrol road in the protected area,and came up with the corresponding design indicators and parameters,so as to provide a certain reference for the subsequent patrol road design.展开更多
Controller optimization has mostly been done by minimizing a certain single cost function.In practice,however,engineers must contend with multiple and conflicting considerations,denoted as design indices(DIs)in this p...Controller optimization has mostly been done by minimizing a certain single cost function.In practice,however,engineers must contend with multiple and conflicting considerations,denoted as design indices(DIs)in this paper.Failure to account for such complexity and nuances is detrimental to the applications of any advanced control methods.This paper addresses this challenge heads on,in the context of active disturbance rejection controller(ADRC)and with four competing DIs:stability margins,tracking,disturbance rejection,and noise suppression.To this end,the lower bound for the bandwidth of the extended state observer is first established for guaranteed closed-loop stability.Then,one by one,the mathematical formula is meticulously derived,connecting each DI to the set of controller parameters.To our best knowledge,this has not been done in the context of ADRC.Such formulas allow engineers to see quantitatively how the change of each tuning parameter would impact all of the DIs,thus making the guesswork obsolete.An example is given to show how such analytical methods can help engineers quickly determine controller parameters in a practical scenario.展开更多
文摘In principle,nature reserves are managed and controlled according to the core area and the general control area.At present,there is no relevant design specification for the design system of patrol road in various protected areas.This paper analyzed the factors to be considered in determining the grade,horizontal and vertical design indicators,and cross section indicators of the patrol road in the protected area,and came up with the corresponding design indicators and parameters,so as to provide a certain reference for the subsequent patrol road design.
基金This work was supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(No.2018YFA0703800)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.U20B2054).
文摘Controller optimization has mostly been done by minimizing a certain single cost function.In practice,however,engineers must contend with multiple and conflicting considerations,denoted as design indices(DIs)in this paper.Failure to account for such complexity and nuances is detrimental to the applications of any advanced control methods.This paper addresses this challenge heads on,in the context of active disturbance rejection controller(ADRC)and with four competing DIs:stability margins,tracking,disturbance rejection,and noise suppression.To this end,the lower bound for the bandwidth of the extended state observer is first established for guaranteed closed-loop stability.Then,one by one,the mathematical formula is meticulously derived,connecting each DI to the set of controller parameters.To our best knowledge,this has not been done in the context of ADRC.Such formulas allow engineers to see quantitatively how the change of each tuning parameter would impact all of the DIs,thus making the guesswork obsolete.An example is given to show how such analytical methods can help engineers quickly determine controller parameters in a practical scenario.
