Maternal perceived self-efficacy, perceived vulnerability and child health outcome in Ibadan, South-West Nigeria

Objective:The problems associated with child health continue to constitute a global concern,and child morbidity and mortality remain problematic in Sub-Sahara Africa(SSA).Utilizing a community-based survey conducted in Ibadan North Local government,Southwest Nigeria the study examined the influences of maternal perceived self-efficacy(MPSE)and maternal perceived vulnerability(MPV)on child health outcomes(CHO).Methods:The study appraised data from 683 nursing mothers aged 15-45 obtained from 20 major primary healthcare centers in the region undergoing routine health checks for their children.Three regression models were fitted to examine the effects of MPV,MPSE,and confounding variables of maternal preventive actions such as insecticide-treated nets(ITN)usage and child immunization,among other maternal and child sociodemographic attributes on CHO.Results:The study finds that MPV has no correlation with CHO and MPSE but positively correlates with maternal age(r=0.123,P<0.05).However,CHO has a negative correlation with MPSE(r=-0.200,P<0.05)while positively correlated with child age(r=0.134,P<0.05).MPSE has a unique effect on CHO(β=-0.203,P<0.05),maternal preventive action of ITN usage show a positive association with CHO in the study Model 2(β=-0.163,P<0.05),while in Model 3,child's age has a positive association with CHO(β=0.180,P<0.05).The net effect of the study models accounted for approximately 10%of the variance in CHO reported among the children.Conclusion:Overall,MPSE and ITN usage are essential factors for understanding and reducing the potential adverse CHO.Global effort must continue to improve maternal education to support child health and preventive carepractices in SSA.

Impact of Antimicrobial Stewardship Programs on Antibiotic Use and Drug Resistance:Analysis of Data from Maternal and Child Health Care Hospitals in Hubei Province,China

ObjectiveTo evaluate the impact of Antimicrobial Stewardship Programs(ASPs)on antibiotic use and drug resistance.MethodsThis was a retrospective,multicenter,management intervention study.The data from 85 maternity hospitals(maternal and child health care hospitals)in Hubei province from 2012 to 2019 were collected.The indicators related to antimicrobial drug use included the utilization rate of different grades of antimicrobial drugs,the intensity of antimicrobial agent use,the rational use of prophylactic antimicrobial agents before class I surgical incision,and pathogenic detection and consultation rates before antimicrobial drug use.ResultsSince the implementation,the purchase of antimicrobial agents in hospitals has been maintained within the prescribed range,and the defined daily dose system(DDDs)of antimicrobial agents has been reduced,prophylactic use and accurate treatment of antimicrobial agents related to class I surgical incision have been more reasonable.With the implementation of ASPs,the detection rate of imipenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii,cefotaxime-resistant Escherichia coli,and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus has been decreased in China from national bacterial resistance surveillance data.ConclusionASPs have positive effects on antibiotic use and drug resistance in 85 maternity hospitals(maternal and child health care hospitals).

Evaluation of the Maternal Health Indicators: An Ecological Study from 2000 to 2014

The aiming of this worksheet is to evaluate and to compare the quantity of prenatal appointment indicators;childbirth by kind of delivery;maternal mortality coefficient and maternal deaths number. It is about an ecological, descriptive and analytical study, made through the appreciation of secondary data related to the maternal mortality in Rio Grande do Norte, from 2000 to 2014. To that, it was used information from SISPACTO to compare real data to the estimated goals. The results show that there was an increase on the number of women who performed seven or more prenatal queries, in turn, there was an increase of alive newborns through cesarean, moreover, it is observed an oscillation on the maternal deaths number by residence during the studied period, achieving superior values to the agreed goals during the last two analyzed years. It is concluded that the maternal health, in Rio Grande do Norte, negative indicators are being presented concerning the maternal mortality, in spite of presenting an improvement on the prenatal access.

The Potential Role of a Health and Demographic Surveillance System in Rural Northern Nigeria to Reduce Maternal and Child Deaths

There exist a huge gap between generation of evidence-based research findings and its use to inform policies in most developing countries. Further, it is evident that most developing countries are lagging behind in formulating appropriate policies aimed at improving people’s lives due to lack of evidence-based research findings. We describe the potential of a Health and Demographic Surveillance System (HDSS) in informing appropriate health interventions towards reducing the high maternal and child deaths in rural communities of north western Nigeria through the Verbal Autopsy (VA) data collection. VA data collection involves the use of VA questionnaires—set of open ended and closed ended questions adapted from the World Health Organization (WHO) module— administered to the caregivers, parents or family members of a deceased person to elicit information on signs and symptoms and their durations, and other pertinent information about the deceased in the period before death. VA interviews were conducted by trained VA enumerators on all 2100 deaths reported during the update round 4 of routine data collection (July-December, 2012) and returned forms were checked for consistencies and completeness by a trained research officer. The forms were later coded by trained medical doctors for possible cause of death using the WHO International Classification of Diseases (ICD 10) codes. Fifty cases of neonatal deaths, 1650 cases of infant and child deaths, and 400 cases of adult deaths were reported during the update round 4 data collection. Neonatal sepsis was reported as the leading cause of neonatal deaths (58%) while malaria and intestinal infectious diseases were reported as the leading cause of infant and child deaths and adult deaths respectively (45% and 17%, respectively). The study provides documented evidence of high neonatal deaths due to neonatal sepsis in an area with low hygiene and high home delivery rates. The findings from the VA data collection at Nahuche HDSS inform the intervention study on home distribution of chlorhexidine to pregnant women. The findings from this study call on government and other stakeholders to strengthen research capacity to generate timely data and findings returned to policy makers within the shortest period of time for decision making.

Maternal and infant health in urban and rural areas in Morocco: Analysis of the preliminary results of the National Survey on Population and Family Health (EPSF 2011)

Background: The last Moroccan population and family health survey (EPSF 2011) was carried out between November 2010 and March 2011. The final report and the whole database are not yet accessible while a preliminary report was released early March 2012. The information given so far does not allow for a complete evaluation of the present health situation in Morocco. However, a partial equity analysis can be devoted to the comparison of health indicators in terms of gender and urban-rural gaps. Method: 1) Questionnaires: a household questionnaire dealt with household characteristics, general health, housing condition and anthropometric data for children less than six years of age. A second questionnaire was devoted specifically to ever married women and dealt with their resources, marriage, reproductive health, family planning, AIDS/SIDA, healthcare and nutrition. 2) Data collection: data were collected through the national survey using a three-stage stratified sampling design to select 640 clusters covering the 16 Moroccan regions. A total of 15,577 households were randomly drawn, providing a sample of 75,061 individuals (51.1% females and 48.9% males) for investigation. 3) Analysis: in this short report, we relied only on partial data released by the Ministry of Health in a preliminary report. We used absolute differences and relative ratios to study the evolution of gender and urban-rural gaps on the basis of socioeconomic indicators. Results and Discussion: The Moroccan population seems to be in the last phase of its demographic transition. The total fertility rate decreased from 5.6 children per woman in 1980 to 2.5 in 2011. The mean age of first marriage went from 24 years for men and 17.5 years for women in 1960 to 31.5 years and 26.3 in 2011 for men and women respectively. The age structure is showing a trend of ageing population. Generally, health indicators related to reproductive and women’s health improved noticeably and consequently, maternal and infant mortality also decreased. However, while these achievements are praiseworthy as national averages, they remain insufficient in terms of equitable healthcare and access to health services since there is still a long way to go in order to reduce the huge gender gaps and rural-urban disparities. Conclusion: In this short report, we showed that, as averages, health indicators improved noticeably during the last decade but gender inequality and urban-rural disparities are still challenging health decision makers. Moroccan health decision makers are urged to adopt an equitable health strategy, starting by giving access to data for analysis, monitoring and evaluation.

Marked Improvement in China's Maternal and Child Health

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Mobile health interventions for improving maternal and child health outcomes in South Africa:a systematic review

Background:Maternal and child health(MCH)remains a significant public health concern globally despite previous efforts made to improve MCH services.Initiatives such as antenatal care,postnatal care services exclusive breastfeeding,child vaccination and supplements have been rolled out to improve MCH outcomes.However,inadequate maternal healthcare,socioeconomic factors,obstetric haemorrhaging,complications of hypertension during pregnancy,lack of maternal information,poor universal health coverage and uptake of MCH services exacerbate maternal mortality and child mortality rates,especially in resource-constrained areas in many sub-Saharan African countries including South Africa.Objective:This study aimed to review mobile health(mHealth)interventions deployed to improve maternal and child health outcomes.Methods:The study adopted the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses model to search and retrieve relevant literature from reputable,prominent electronic databases(Google Scholar,Scopus,PubMed,Embase,CINAHL,Web of Science,etc.).A total of 26 papers were selected and analyzed.Results:The findings revealed several mHealth interventions such as MomConnect,Mobile Alliance for Maternal Action,NurseConnect,ChildConnect,CommCare,Road to Health Application and Philani Mobile Video Intervention for Exclusive Breastfeeding have been utilized by healthcare workers and women to improve access to MCH services.However,inadequate digital infrastructure,digital divide,resistance to change,inadequate funding,language barriers,short message service and data costs,lack of digital skills and support,compatibility,scalability and interoperability issues,legislative and policy compliance,lack of mHealth awareness,data security and privacy concerns hinder uptake and utilisation of mHealth interventions.There is a need to scale up and sustain mHealth interventions and update existing regulatory framework,policies and strategies.Conclusion:mHealth interventions offer unprecedented opportunities to improve access to maternal information and substantially improve maternal and child health services.Stakeholder engagement and the development of sustainable funding strategies are important for successfully implementing and scaling mHealth projects while addressing existing and emerging key issues.

Vitamin B_(12) Deficiency in Newborns and their Mothers_Novel Approaches to Early Detection,Treatment and Prevention of a Global Health Issue

Vitamin B 12 deficiency,mostly of maternal origin in newborns,is a well treatable condition but can cause severe neurologic sequelae.In women of childbearing age and pregnant women worldwide vitamin B12 deficiency has been reported with frequencies of 10%-50%.Children with vitam in B I2 deficiency are asym ptom atic at birth but may develop severe multisystemic symptoms,including irreversible developmental impairment in the second halfyear of life.Early detection of vitamin B12 deficiency allows for presymptomatic treatment.This article provides an overview over the function of vitamin B12 and discusses causes and frequency of vitamin B12 deficiency in newborns,infants,and women of childbearing age.It describes novel successful approaches to newborn screening(NBS)for vitamin B,2 deficiency and results of a pilot study which performed systematic NBS for vitamin B12 deficiency using so-called second-tier strategies by measuring homocysteine and methylmalonic acid in dried blood spots.Recommendations for diagnostics in mothers of children with vitamin B12 deficiency are described as well as results of systematic work-up in mothers and treatment and follow-up of children with vitamin B12 deficiency detected by NBS.Treatment options of vitamin B12 deficiency are presented including a newly developed standardized supplementation scheme with exclusively oral vitamin BI2 supplementation.Recommendations for preventive approaches to vitamin Bl2 deficiency for children and mothers are stated.Many children worldwide could benefit from systematic inclusion of vitamin B12 deficiency into NBS panels.In addition,preventive approaches to maternal vitamin B12 deficiency should be implemented systematically during maternal care.

Assessing the influence of digital technologies on antenatal care visits in Zimbabwe:insights from 2019 Zimbabwe Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey

Background and objective:To provide good health and well-being as established by the Sustainable Development Goal(SDG)3,access to digital technologies can act as conduits to achieve such progress in a population.As guided by the World Health Organization,antenatal care(ANC)attendance is one of the measures promoted to curtail the global health burden of maternal and infant mortality.ANC services are seldom utilized to their full potential in Zimbabwe.This study explores if any of the women's digital technology characteristics were associated with antenatal care visits.Methods:The study analyzed population-based cross-sectional data with a subsample of 1932 women aged 15-49 years from the 2019 Zimbabwe Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey.Test of associations with chi-square test,bivariate,and multivariate multinomial logistic regression analyses were used to examine the predictors of adequate(4-7)and optimal(≥8)ANC visits relative to undesirable(1-3)antenatal care visits among women who had given births 2 years before the survey.Results:The results indicate that 64.5%(1246/1932)of the women attained adequate ANC while about 9.8%(189/1932)attained optimal ANC.Reading a newspaper/magazine at least once a week(odds ratio[OR] 1.73,β'=0.551,t=2.030,P=0.043)and watching television at least once a week(OR 1.72,β=0.545,t=2.454,P=0.015),listening to the radio less than once a week(OR 1.28,β'=0.247,t=1.750,P=0.080),and owning a mobile phone(OR 1.48,β'=0.394,t=3.020,P=0.003)were positively associated with adequate ANC.Optimal ANC was significantly associated with women being able to read a newspaper at least once a week(OR 2.93,β'=1.074,t=3.120,P=0.002),listen to the radio less than 0nce a week(OR 2.07,p'=0.73,t=2.700,P=0.007)and have ownership of a mobile phone(OR 1.88,β'=0.631,t=2.620,P=0.009).Conclusion:Access to a newspaper,radio,television,and mobile phone were important predictors of a woman's ability to achieve her ANC attendance.Policies to improve the knowledge of ANC packages can be facilitated using digital technology to achieve adequate and preferably optimal ANC in Zimbabwe.It is important to improve digital infrastructure to support digital technologies in providing ANC services.

Household Environment and Malaria in Pregnancy in Ibadan, Nigeria

Introduction: Malaria in pregnancy, which enormously creates substantial risks for the mother and her fetus, is a public health problem in Nigeria. Design and Methods: Through questionnaire administration, this cross-sectional survey investigates the influence of the household environment on malaria preventive and treatment behaviors among 300 pregnant women in two selected areas of Oyo State, Nigeria. In addition, four focus group discussions and four in-depth interviews were conducted, all between October 2015 and March, 2016. Results: Findings from the study indicate a positive relationship between income level (P = 0.000), educational level (P = 0.000) and preventive behavior and perception of malaria. There, however, is a negative relationship (P = 0.122) between place of residence and number of malaria episodes of the respondents. A high awareness on the cause of Malaria was recorded in this study, while a low awareness on the consequences of malaria infection in Pregnancy was visible. Conclusion and Recommendation: The household environment of pregnant women was found a key predictor in the prevention and treatment of malaria in both rural and urban areas of Oyo State Nigeria. Nationwide programme aimed at reducing malaria especially among pregnant women is needed in Nigeria.

Improvements to Female Autonomy and Household Decision-Making Power from an Intervention Targeting Improved Food Security: A Gender-Based Analysis of the Rajasthan Nutrition Project

In India, women and children continue to experience food insecurity. The purpose of this study is to evaluate whether the Rajasthan Nutrition Project (RNP) led to changes in 1) dietary habits and nutrition, and 2) indicators of gender equality, female autonomy, and empowerment. This study surveyed women belonging to self-help groups who were pregnant or who had young children. Over the course of the intervention, significant improvements were seen in the following indicators: breastfeeding within one hour of birth, exclusively breastfeeding for the first six months, food insecurity of children and mothers, household decision-making, communication, mobility, and domestic violence. These findings suggest that the RNP is a promising intervention for improving nutrition and female autonomy in Rajasthan, India. Additional research is needed to determine if the RNP would be equally as effective in other regions of India, or in populations outside of India.

Parenthood in Childbirth: Reports by Mothers and Fathers

Nowadays childbirth care in Brazil is mainly guided by the technocratic model, with a high rate of unnecessary interventions that may cause iatrogenesis. Emotional aspects inherent to birth tend to be disregarded in this scenario, which produces risks for the psychological health of the mother, father, and baby. The aim of this study was to look into the subjective experiences of fathers and mothers regarding childbirth in contemporary Brazil. For this purpose, a collective case study was carried out in which 30 birth reports published on personal blogs were analyzed, 15 written by women and 15 by men. The results pointed to the helplessness experienced by fathers and mothers in the face of technocratic care which may sometimes be violent, and to the idealization of health care professionals who work according to the humanized paradigm. The choice of the mode of delivery often appeared in the subjects’ discourse, denoting a scenario in which caesarean section is understood as a consumer good. Respect for the temporality of childbirth was considered essential to ensure that giving birth is not experienced in a traumatic way, and pain was reported as a central element to elaborate the symbolic death intrinsic to the process of parenthood appropriation. The lack of support from the environment seems to be a constitutive factor in the experience of obstetric violence and the writing of birth reports a resource to reinterpret this traumatic experience. We came to the conclusion that it is extremely important that the professional team be trained to understand the emotional aspects present in the childbirth experience, with interdisciplinary exchanges being a powerful resource to provide good quality of care for the parental couple.

Patient-Reported Factors Facilitating Participation in Prevention of Mother to Child Transmission of HIV Programs in Kara, Togo, West Africa

Background: Despite efforts to expand prevention of mother-to-child transmission (PMTCT) of HIV in resource-limited settings, only 53% of women in sub-Saharan Africa receive adequate PMTCT services. Understanding factors that enable successful program completion are crucial to improving adherence rates to PMTCT programs in these settings. Using a positive deviance approach, we explored patient and provider’s perspectives on factors enabling women to successfully access and adhere to PMTCT services to identify areas of program improvement and further reduce HIV transmission. Methods: Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 11 health care workers (HCWs) at two health centers in Kara, Togo and 34 women who had successfully completed the PMTCT program at those facilities. Women were identified using purposive sampling and content theme analysis was used to analyze the data. Results: Knowledge and belief in the potential to give birth to an HIV-negative child, supported by facilitating factors on the individual and community levels, was the cornerstone to women’s PMTCT program success. Effective program education and peer-to-peer interactions fostered the participants’ knowledge and belief in PMTCT, with the resulting internal motivation driving continued participation and adherence. The welcoming environment, availability of peer support groups and financial assistance from the health facility, further facilitated success, with women using this facility-based community to seek advice and support from HCWs and peers. Financial, physical, and emotional support from relatives was also important in ensuring unhindered access. Finally, the faith-based communities’ acceptance and support for HIV-positive women further encouraged participants to adhere to the program. Conclusion: Understanding and believing in the ability to have an HIV-negative baby was the most important facilitator for PMTCT program adherence. This led to internal motivation that was continually reinforced through facility and community supportive environments focused on addressing barriers. Efforts to improve PMTCT success should focus on all of these factors through a patient-centered approach.

某妇幼保健院基于RBRVS和DRG方法开展绩效评价的实践

根据国家、省医药卫生体制改革相关文件精神,笔者采用当下比较有效的绩效评价工具RBRVS+DRGs的绩效考核方法,构建具有妇幼专科特色的绩效评价体系,引导临床业务科室在促进业务增长的同时提升业务能力和病种收治质量。通过绩效考核评价机制的改革,促进了医院业务财务融合发展,建立重实绩、重贡献、向优秀人才和临床一线倾斜的分配激励机制,实现医院高质量发展的目标。

基于三级妇幼保健院应用微信公众号开展健康科普传播状况的调查

目的了解我国三级妇幼保健院应用微信公众号开展健康科普传播的现状,为促进各级妇幼保健机构充分利用微信公众号平台开展健康科普宣传,提高新媒体健康传播效能提供参考依据。方法选取2021年参加全国三级妇幼保健机构绩效考核并有微信公众号的274所机构为调查对象。采用自制问卷,于2022年4—6月通过问卷星向被调查机构的微信公众号负责人进行调查。问卷内容涉及负责人基本情况,以及本机构纳入三级妇幼保健院微信公众号科普作品影响力监测的微信公众号建设和管理情况,科普作品的创作、发布和运营情况,针对用户调查情况等。结果274所有微信公众号的三级妇幼保健院中,67.9%的微信公众号为服务号;98.9%的微信公众号具有健康宣教功能;用户注册数超过20万人的微信公众号占29.2%。各机构微信公众号管理人员数量普遍较少,仅为1人的机构占29.2%,37.9%的机构无专人管理。微信公众号负责人所在科室主要为宣传科(38.7%)、健康教育科(27.4%)及院办(13.1%);负责人专业背景为医学相关专业的仅占36.9%;各机构确定科普作品主题的方法主要为配合科普宣传日(94.2%)、各科室提供(90.1%)、热点话题(81.8%)、根据节气/天气变化(59.5%)等,主题确定来源于用户需求调查的仅为37.2%;科普稿源以相关业务科室提供为主(95.3%);94.5%的机构在科普作品发布前有专人审核。发布的科普作品主要通过院内官方宣传媒体(84.3%)和院内自媒体(77.4%)进行推广,经由辖区妇幼体系推广的机构仅占13.1%。微信公众号运营管理人员主要是本机构专职(47.1%)和兼职人员(49.3%);79.6%的机构无运营经费支持;53.6%的机构设定了科普作品发布激励机制,仅有21.2%的机构开展过微信公众号用户调查。结论绝大多数三级妇幼保健院均能通过微信公众号开展妇幼健康科普传播工作,但普遍缺乏用户调查和对公众号运营的支持,应进一步加强对微信公众号的管理,并充分利用微信公众号开展与用户的沟通及需求评估,从而进一步促进微信公众号健康传播能力的提升。

2016—2021年某妇幼保健院早产儿医院感染影响因素分析

目的 了解早产儿医院感染现状及影响因素,为早产儿医院感染防控提供理论和实践依据。方法 采用回顾性研究方法,对2016年1月—2021年12月某院新生儿病房收治的早产儿进行调查分析,查阅病历,收集早产儿基本信息及住院期间诊疗信息。结果 共纳入早产儿3 559例,其中男1 964例,女1 595例;平均出生体重(2 108.66±631.17)g。发生医院感染109例,发病率3.06%;主要感染类型为下呼吸道感染(44.04%)、血流感染(28.44%)、胃肠道感染(14.68%);检出医院感染相关病原菌38株,其中革兰阴性菌33株(86.84%),革兰阳性菌3株,真菌2株。主要分离病原菌为产气肠杆菌(28.95%)、肺炎克雷伯菌(28.95%)。经单因素、非条件多因素logistic回归分析,羊水污染、出生体重<2 500 g、使用呼吸机、中心静脉插管是早产儿医院感染的独立危险因素(OR值分别为2.424、3.805、3.776、5.412,均P<0.05);剖宫产是早产儿医院感染的保护因素(OR=0.362,P<0.05)。结论 早产儿医院感染风险高,影响因素多,临床应引起重视,积极采取有循证依据的防控措施减少风险因素暴露,保护早产儿健康。

妇幼健康信息化在高危孕产妇管理工作中的应用效果

目的探讨妇幼健康信息化在高危孕产妇管理工作中的应用效果。方法选取2019年1—12月深圳市南山区妇幼保健院实施常规管理的100例高危孕产妇作为对照组,选取2020年1—12月深圳市南山区妇幼保健院实施妇幼健康信息化管理的100例高危孕产妇中作为研究组。对比2组管理效果。结果研究组登记建档率、产检次数高于对照组,胎儿宫内窘迫、新生儿窒息发生率低于对照组(P<0.05)。研究组产妇急性事件总发生率为4.00%,低于对照组的15.00%(P<0.05)。管理后,研究组遵医嘱依从性(遵医嘱服药、科学运动、合理饮食、规律作息、自我管理)评分高于对照组,焦虑自评量表评分(self-rating anxiety scale,SAS)低于对照组(P<0.05)。出院时,研究组满意度(主动服务、健康宣教、交流能力、操作水平、环境评估)评分高于对照组(P<0.05)。管理后,研究组健康调查简表(the MOS item short fromhealth survey,SF-36)评分高于对照组(P<0.05)。结论高危孕产妇管理中使用妇幼健康信息化技术有利于提高管理效果,预防产妇急性事件的发生,改善产妇不良情绪,提高其遵医嘱依从性和生活质量,提高产妇对护理服务的满意度。

移动互联网技术在区域妇幼保健领域的应用

介绍天津市推动实施“互联网+妇幼保健”信息化建设的需求分析、建设背景、功能模块和应用成效等内容。应用云平台和移动互联网技术建设面向全市妇幼保健服务人群的移动App和微信小程序信息系统。采用适宜的技术架构进行系统功能模块设计开发,实现了将患者医疗机构诊疗信息和自我健康记录结合,构建完善的信息管理系统。移动互联网在妇幼健康领域的应用,实现了手机端与覆盖全市的妇幼保健信息平台的数据互联互通,优化了妇幼保健就诊流程,提高了保健服务质量和患者的满意度。

2011—2022年我国妇幼保健机构申请和获得国家自然科学基金项目资助情况分析

目的 分析2011—2022年我国妇幼保健机构申请和获得国家自然科学基金(National Natural Science Foundation of China,NSFC)项目资助情况,为妇幼保健机构科研能力建设提供参考。方法 运用NSFC大数据知识管理服务平台和全国妇幼保健机构监测数据,分析NSFC项目申请、获资助、负责人等基本情况,比较获资助和未获资助机构在人力资源和承担科研课题项目上的差异性。结果 2011—2022年我国35家妇幼保健机构作为NSFC依托单位共申请项目861项,获资助率为10.57%;青年科学基金、面上项目、地区科学基金为主要申请和获资助类型,获资助率分别为7.27%、5.34%和15.21%,存在类别间和地区间差异。55.8%的项目负责人在首次获资助前参与过NSFC项目,且78.13%为高等院校牵头项目;项目负责人中,高级职称占58.25%、博士研究生学历占62.64%;获资助机构承担或独立承担科研课题项目数多于未获资助机构,差异有统计学意义(P <0.05)。结论 我国妇幼保健机构科研能力仍相对薄弱,人才储备和科研基础是项目申请成功的有利因素,妇幼保健机构应加强科研人才的引进与培养,以需求为牵引,关注政策导向,聚焦学术前沿,注重学科交叉,增强合作,推动科研创新能力提升,助力妇幼保健机构可持续、高质量地发展。

不同病因妊娠合并急性胰腺炎患者的临床特征及母婴预后研究

背景由于经济发展及国内生育政策改变,妊娠合并急性胰腺炎(APIP)发病率逐渐增加,不同病因的APIP临床特点不同,且对母婴预后的影响可能存在较大差异,既往对此研究较少。目的分析不同病因APIP的临床特征及其与母婴预后的关系。方法收集2016—2022年首都医科大学附属北京友谊医院收治的48例住院APIP患者的临床资料,根据病因分为胆源性组(n=27)及高脂血症组(n=21),对比分析两组实验室检查指标以及母婴结局。结果胆源性组起病至就诊时间长于高脂血症组,入院时孕周短于高脂血症组,既往孕次多于高脂血症组,腹泻及停止排便所占比例低于高脂血症组(P<0.05)。两组患者严重程度比较,差异无统计学意义(P=0.912)。胆源性组血红蛋白、血小板计数、C反应蛋白、胆固醇、三酰甘油水平低于高脂血症组,总胆红素、直接胆红素、丙氨酸氨基转移酶、碱性磷酸酶、谷氨酰转肽酶、血肌酐、血钙、血钠、血淀粉酶、N末端脑钠肽前体水平高于高脂血症组(P<0.05)。胆源性组分娩时孕周短于高脂血症组(P<0.05)。胆源性组和高脂血症组早产率、剖宫产率、剖宫产人为干预终止妊娠率比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。胆源性组新生儿重量小于高脂血症组,身长短于高脂血症组,病理性黄疸、呼吸窘迫、呼吸机辅助呼吸发生率高于高脂血症组(P<0.05)。结论胆源性疾病目前仍为APIP患者的第一位病因,可显著缩短母体的分娩孕周,并造成胎儿低体质量,增加胎儿病理性黄疸、呼吸窘迫、呼吸机辅助呼吸的发生率,引起胎儿更为严重的预后。