Analysis of the Current Situation and Risk Factors of Lower Respiratory Tract Infection among ICU Patients in Guizhou,China During 2019-2022

Objective:This study aims to explore the prevalence,features,and risk factors of lower respiratory tract infections(LRTIs)in the intensive care unit(ICU)of a newly established hospital in Zunyi City.The goal is to devise strategies for preventing LRTIs in the ICU of new hospitals,thereby mitigating the incidence of nosocomial LRTIs in ICU patients.Methods:A case-control study was conducted from March 2019 to December 2022 to investigate the incidence rate of LRTIs in the ICU of a newly constructed hospital in Zunyi City.Patients with LRTIs constituted the case group,while those without LRTIs constituted the control group,where a 1:1 matching principle was adhered to.A single-factor chi-square(χ2)test was employed to analyze the risk factors,with independent risk factors being explored using a multivariate logistic regression analysis.Results:A total of 169 strains of pathogenic bacteria were isolated,comprising 66.28%gram-negative bacteria,17.75%gram-positive bacteria,and 15.97%fungi.The most prevalent pathogens included Acinetobacter baumannii(43.20%),Candida albicans(10.65%),and Pseudomonas aeruginosa(8.88%).Of the 82 strains infected by multidrug-resistant bacteria in patients with LRTIs,81.7%were carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii,9.8%were multidrug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa,and 6.1%were carbapenem-resistant Escherichia coli.Identified risk factors included smoking history,total hospitalization days,ICU stay length,hypoproteinemia,indwelling gastric tube,intubation type,duration of mechanical ventilation,usage of antibacterial drugs,and administration of protein drugs(P<0.05).Multivariate logistic regression analysis demonstrated that these factors were independent risk factors for nosocomial LRTIs in ICU patients(P<0.05).Conclusion:ICU patients in our hospital were mainly infected by carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii.To prevent LRTIs in patients,tailored preventive measures should be developed and the rational use of antibacterial drugs should be promoted.

Plasma Metabonomics of Human Adenovirus-infected Patients with Pneumonia and Upper Respiratory Tract Infection

Objective Human adenovirus(HAdV)infection is common and can develop to serious conditions with high mortality,yet the mechanism of HAdV infection remains unclear.In the present study,the serum metabolite profiles of HAdV-7-infected patients with pneumonia or upper respiratory tract infection(URTI)were explored.Methods In total,35 patients were enrolled in the study following an outbreak of HAdV-7 in the army,of whom 14 had pneumonia and 21 had URTI.Blood samples were collected at the acute stage and at the recovery stage and were analyzed by untargeted metabolomics.Results Over 90% of the differential metabolites identified between the pneumonia patients and URTI patients were lipids and lipid-like molecules,including glycerophospholipids,fatty acyls,and sphingolipids.The metabolic pathways that were significantly enriched were primarily the lipid metabolism pathways,including sphingolipid metabolism,glycerophospholipid metabolism,and linoleic acid metabolism.The sphingolipid metabolism was identified as a significantly differential pathway between the pneumonia patients and URTI patients and between the acute and recovery stages for the pneumonia patients,but not between the acute and recovery stages for the URTI patients.Ceramide and lactosylceramide,involved in sphingolipid metabolism,were significantly higher in the pneumonia patients than in the URTI patients with good discrimination abilities[area under curve(AUC)0.742 and 0.716,respectively;combination AUC 0.801].Conclusion Our results suggested that HAdV modulated lipid metabolism for both the patients with URTI and pneumonia,especially the sphingolipid metabolism involving ceramide and lactosylceramide,which might thus be a potential intervention target in the treatment of HAdV infection.

Cupping Therapy for 103 Cases of High Fever due to Infection of the Upper Respiratory Tract

The cupping therapy has remarkable antipyretic effect in the treatment of fever. In recent years, the author has treated 103 cases of high fever caused by infection of the upper respiratory tract and obtained quite satisfactory therapeutic results. A report follows.

New Progress in the Cause Analysis and Nursing of Respiratory Tract Infection after Abdominal Surgery under General Anesthesia

This article provides a review of the causes of respiratory tract infection after abdominal surgery. These causes include general anesthesia, intubation factors, factors inherent to the patient, surgical factors, the injudicious use of antimicrobial agents, and the environmental factors of the ward. The perioperative management of the respiratory tract should be strengthened. Health education, respiratory function training, oral nursing intervention,atomization inhalation, and personalized expectoration methods should receive more attention to decrease the complications and promote the early rehabilitation of patients after abdominal surgery.

Aspirin plus Pseudoephedrine (Aspirin Complex) for the Treatment of Symptoms of Upper Respiratory Tract Infection

Upper respiratory tract infections or common colds are a multi-symptom disease which is usually symptomatically treated with fixed dose multi-active ingredient medicinal products which are commonly used as non-prescription and over the counter. However, the active ingredients combined require a particular and clinically sound justification. Analgesics and decongestant can be combined to treat simultaneously the prominent symptoms cold-related pain (e.g. headache, muscle aches and pains), fever, inflammationand nasal/sinus congestion. This overview provides a summary of the evidence supporting the combination of acetylsalicylic acid (aspirin) and pseudoephedrine available in the common cold product Aspirin? Complex.

A Survey of the Experience and Impact of Acute Upper Respiratory Tract Infections on People in Six Countries in the 2011/2012 Common Cold and Flu Season

Introduction: Acute Upper Respiratory Tract Infections (URTIs) are the most common infectious diseases of humankind. While usually mild and self-limiting, they are characterized by a series of simultaneously occurring symptoms/ signs that are sufficiently disruptive to sufferers’ normal activities in which medication is frequently sought. While the literature has many examples of epidemiological studies on these infections, there are few reports on patient experience and impact. This study was designed to investigate these aspects of Common Cold/Flu across six countries. Methods: A minimum of 500 adults aged 18 and older were recruited in each of six countries (Brazil, China, Germany, India, Russia, and the US) using customary survey research sampling techniques. Single 30-minute (online) or 40-minute door-to-door quantitative questionnaires with c. 50 questions were completed with each participant by the global research firm Ipsos. Main Findings: Across countries, incidence and seasonality of infections reported to this study were consistent with published data. There appears to be a need for patient education on the causes and transmission routes of respiratory infections. Getting good quality sleep and being able to continue with daily activities as an infection resolves are significant drivers to therapy. The most common non-prescription therapies reported were multi-ingredient products in line with the simultaneously occurring multi-symptom nature of the condition(s). Conclusions: This study indicated that acute URTIs exert a significant deleterious effect on sufferers. Public health education, possibly best undertaken by Pharmacists has the potential to impact the extent of virus transmission by ensuring that people know the true cause of the infection, how it is transmitted and how best to combat this. The several simultaneously occurring symptoms encourage sufferers to seek multi-ingredient remedies to allow them to continue with normal activities as their infection resolves naturally.

Influence of pidotimod combined with conventional drug therapy on the infection status and immune function of children with recurrent respiratory tract infection

Objective: To study the influence of pidotimod combined with conventional drug therapy on the infection status and immune function of children with recurrent respiratory tract infection. Methods: A total of 118 children with recurrent respiratory tract infection who were treated in the hospital between January 2015 and January 2017 were collected and divided into control group and observation group by random number table method, 59 cases in each group. Control group received conventional therapy, and observation group received pidotimod combined with conventional therapy. The differences in serum levels of inflammatory mediators, acute phase proteins and Th1/Th2 cytokines were compared between the two groups before and after treatment. Results: Before treatment, the differences in serum levels of inflammatory mediators, acute phase proteins and Th1/Th2 cytokines were not statistically significant between the two groups. after 1 week of treatment, serum TNF-α, PCT, CRP, PAB, TRF and IL-4 contents of both groups of children were lower than those before treatment while IFN-γ contents as well as IFN-γ/ IL-4 levels were higher than those before treatment, and serum TNF-α, PCT, CRP, PAB, TRF and IL-4 contents of observation group were lower than those of control group while IFN-γ content as well as IFN-γ/ IL-4 level was higher than those of control group. Conclusion: Pidotimod combined with conventional drug therapy can effectively inhibit the infection status and optimize the Th1/Th2 cellular immune function of children with recurrent respiratory tract infection.

Assessing the quality of the management skills required for lower respiratory tract infections in Kilimanjaro, Tanzania

Background: Lower respiratory tract infections (LRTI) are among the leading causes of morbidity and mortality. A severe form of atypical pneumonia, Q fever, has been found in Northern Tanzania. Assessment of the quality of health care for lower respiratory tract infection from the clinicians’ performance has rarely been performed. Methods: A cross sectional descriptive study using the qualitative and quantitative approaches for assessing clinicians and patient files from 11 health facilities of Kilimanjaro region. The facilities were of 4 different levels of public health care delivery and 1 private independent hospital. Results: Medications for LRTI were highly variable in 346 files and from attempts of treatment reported in 53 clinician’s interviews. No file showed attempts for assessing the severity of Pneumonia. Only 6 (11.1%) clinicians could mention causes of atypical pneumonia. Only 7 clinicians (13.0%) were aware of Q-fever and could mention the cause. The quality of clinical records for monitoring the progress was not the same in all levels of care and the difference in availability was statistically significant as level of mental state χ2 (4) = 139.4;P

Analysis of the Real-world Efficacy of Lianhua Qingwen Capsule(莲花清瘟胶囊)in the Treatment of Upper Respiratory Tract Infection

Objective:To explore the efficacy of Lianhua Qingwen Capsule(莲花清瘟胶囊)on upper respiratory tract infection,to understand the impact of Lianhua Qingwen Capsule(莲花清瘟胶囊)on the treatment outcome of upper respiratory tract infection,and provide reference for rational clinical drug use.Methods:The HIS database based on 18 large third-grade class-A hospitals was selected to match 1:1 for upper respiratory tract infection patients using and without Lianhua Qingwen Capsule(莲花清瘟胶囊)according to certain standards.The recombination of treatment outcome as"recovery"and"improvement"in the database was defined as effective treatment,"ineffectiveness","death"and"other"as ineffectivetreatment populations,and the effectiveness of treatment outcomes in the remerged 2 groups was compared by propensity score method.Results:After matching,454 cases were in both the patients treated by(experimental group)and without(control group)Lianhua Qingwen Capsule(莲花清瘟胶囊).Analysis was performed by three Logistic regression methods,all showing regression coefficients greater than 0 and statistically significant differences(P<0.05).Conclusion:Patients with upper respiratory tract infection treated by Lianhua Qingwen Capsule(莲花清瘟胶囊)are more effective than that without Lianhua Qingwen Capsule(莲花清瘟胶囊),it can improve the clinical efficacy of patients with upper respiratory tract infection。

The Prevalence of Human Metapneumovirus among Children with Acute Respiratory Tract Infection in North Kordofan State, Sudan

Objective: To determine the prevalence of human metapneumovirus (hMPV) among children with acute respiratory tract infection and the correlation between (hMPV) and age group. Methods: This prospective, descriptive cross-sectional hospital-based study is carried out from January to May 2019 among children from under five years old who were admitted to El-Obeid pediatric teaching Hospital, North kordofan, Sudan with acute respiratory tract infection. Results: Fifty hospitalized children with acute respiratory tract infection were enrolled in the study. Two of these (4%) were tested positive for (hMPV) in the age group (7 months - 2 years) old. Moreover, the study showed no significant correlation between infection with (hMPV) and age.

Detection of Streptococci in the Throat Swabs from Upper Respiratory Tract Infections in Kurdistan Region

The study was conducted for the detection of streptococcus bacteria of two groups of people with pharyngitis and tonsillitis. All the plates with α-haemolytic and β-haemolytic colonies were identified by conventional methods. β-haemolytic colonies was further identified by observing its sensitivity towards bacitracin disc tested on sheep blood agar plate. Alpha-hemolytic colonies on blood agar plate were identified with optchin disc. Different bacteria which included Streptococcus pyogenes, S. agalactiae, S. pnenmoniae and S. celis that had proportions 48.57%, 51.43%, 59.1% and 40.9% respectively isolated by the sensitivity test （depends on agents bacitracin and optchin）. Isolates of beta-Streptococcal which included S. pyogenes at child group （A） and the isolates alpha- Streptococcal which included S. pnenmoniae at adults group （B） showed marked rise.

Meta-analysis of the comparison between reduning injection and ribavirin injection for acute upper respiratory tract infection in children

Objective:To systematically evaluate the effectiveness and safety of reduning injection in acute upper respiratory tract infection of children.Methods:Use computer to search PubMed,the Cochrane Library,EMBASE,Web of Science,China National Knowledge Infrastructure(CNKI),Wanfang Database,Weipu database(VIP)and China Biomedical studies Service System(CBM)for randomized controlled trials(RCT)of acute upper respiratory tract infection in children,and the retrieval time is from their establishment to May,2022.After two researchers independently screened the studies,extracted data and evaluated the risk bias of studies,RevMan5.3 software was used to perform meta-analysis.Results:10 studies in total were included,involving 1466 patients.Results of the meta-analysis:total effective rate[RR=1.12,95%CI(1.07,1.16),P<0.00001],cure time[MD=-1.51,95%CI(-1.71,-1.32),P<0.00001],antipyretic time[MD=-1.32,95%CI(-1.72,-0.92),P<0.00001],disappearing time of nasal obstruction and nose running[MD=-1.04,95%CI(-1.45,-0.62),P<0.00001],disappearing time of cough[MD=-1.35,95%CI(-1.58,-1.13),P<0.00001],disappearing time of throat congestion[MD=-1.36,95%CI(-1.68,-1.03),P<0.00001],disappearing time of sore throat[MD=-1.55,95%CI(-1.74,-1.35),P<0.00001],the incidence of adverse reactions[RR=0.34,95%CI(0.20,0.57),P<0.0001].The differences between two groups in total effective rate,cure time,antipyretic time,disappearing time of nasal obstruction and nose running,disappearing time of cough,disappearing time of throat congestion,disappearing time of sore throat and the incidence of adverse reactions are all statistically significant(P<0.05).The sensitivity analysis demonstrates that three outcomes(total effective rate,cure time and disappearing time of sore throat)have unstable results,while others having stable results.Conclusion:Reduning injection is more effective than ribavirin injection in clinical,and it is better than ribavirin injection at relieving fever,nasal obstruction and nose running,cough and throat congestion.In addition,it’s safer in clinical than ribavirin injection.

A Meta-Analysis of the Effectiveness of Vitamin C in the Prevention and Treatment of Childhood Upper Respiratory Tract Infections

Background:The effectiveness of vitamin C in the prevention and treatment of pediatric upper respiratory tract infections was evaluated in a meta-analysis.Methods:A total 2,573 children with upper respiratory tract infections were included in the meta-analysis,1,280 of whom received vitamin C and 1,293 who received control medication.The analysis of findings related to the studies included was done through random or fixed effects model to determine whether vitamin C supplementation could stop and control upper respiratory tract infections in children using mean difference(MD)with 95%confidence intervals(CIs).Results:On average,vitamin C-treated children had fewer upper respiratory tract infection bouts,their illness lasted shorter(MD-0.84;95%CI-1.47 to-0.20,P=0.009),and they were less contagious than the control.Conclusions:The number of episodes and illness duration of upper respiratory tract-infected pediatric subjects were considerably reduced in the intervention group(vitamin C)compared to the control.Due to the small sample size in four of 11 studies and the limited number of studies included for comparison,the outcomes should be carefully examined.

The Effect of Comfort Nursing on the Compliance and Efficacy of Treatment for Children with Acute Otitis Media Caused by Upper Respiratory Tract Infection

Objective:To explore and analyze the clinical effect of comfort nursing on children with acute otitis media.Methods:62 children with acute otitis media caused by upper respiratory tract infection who visited the outpatient clinic of our hospital from June 2022 to June 2023 were selected for this study.They were divided into a study group(n=31)and a control group(n=31).Children in the control group received basic care,while children in the study group received comfort nursing along with basic care.The hearing thresholds,body temperature,treatment compliance,and nursing satisfaction of the two groups of children were compared.Results:After the nursing intervention,the hearing threshold and average body temperature of the children in the study group were lower than those in the control group(P<0.05);the treatment compliance of the children in the study group was higher than that in the control group(P<0.05);the nursing satisfaction of the study group was higher than that of the control group(P<0.05).Conclusion:Comfort nursing can improve the treatment effect,treatment compliance,and nursing satisfaction of children with children with acute otitis media caused by upper respiratory tract infection.

Cefoperazone sodium/sulbactam sodium vs piperacillin sodium/tazobactam sodium for treatment of respiratory tract infection in elderly patients

BACKGROUND Respiratory tract infections in the elderly are difficult to cure and can easily recur,thereby posing a great threat to patient prognosis and quality of life.AIM To investigate the therapeutic effects of different antibiotics in elderly patients with respiratory tract infection.METHODS Seventy-four elderly patients with respiratory tract infection were randomly allocated to a study(n=37;treated with cefoperazone sodium/sulbactam sodium)or control(n=37;treated with piperacillin sodium/tazobactam sodium on the basis of routine symptomatic support)group.Both groups were treated for 7 d.Time to symptom relief(leukocyte recovery;body temperature recovery;cough and sputum disappearance;and rale disappearance time),treatment effect,and laboratory indexes[procalcitonin(PCT),C-reactive protein(CRP),white blood cell count(WBC),and neutrophil percentage(NE)]before and 7 d after treatment and the incidence of adverse reactions were assessed.RESULTS In the study group,the time to WBC normalization(6.79±2.09 d),time to body temperature normalization(4.15±1.08 d),time to disappearance of cough and sputum(6.19±1.56 d),and time to disappearance of rales(6.68±1.43 d)were shorter than those of the control group(8.89±2.32 d,5.81±1.33 d,8.77±2.11 d,and 8.69±2.12 d,respectively;P=0.000).Total effective rate was higher in the study group(94.59%vs 75.68%,P=0.022).Serum PCT(12.89±3.96μg/L),CRP(19.62±6.44 mg/L),WBC(20.61±6.38×10^(9)/L),and NE(86.14±7.21%)levels of the study group before treatment were similar to those of the control group(14.05±4.11μg/L,18.79±5.96 mg/L,21.21±5.59×10^(9)/L,and 84.39±6.95%,respectively)with no significant differences(P=0.220,0.567,0.668,and 0.291,respectively).After 7 d of treatment,serum PCT,CRP,WBC,and NE levels in the two groups were lower than those before treatment.Serum PCT(2.01±0.56μg/L),CRP(3.11±1.02 mg/L),WBC(5.10±1.83×10^(9)/L),and NE(56.35±7.17%)levels were lower in the study group than in the control group(3.29±0.64μg/L,5.67±1.23 mg/L,8.13±3.01×10^(9)/L,and 64.22±8.08%,respectively;P=0.000).There was no significant difference in the incidence of adverse reactions between the groups(7.50%vs 12.50%,P=0.708).CONCLUSION Piperacillin sodium/tazobactam sodium is superior to cefoperazone sodium/sulbactam sodium in the treatment of elderly patients with respiratory tract infection with a similar safety profile.

Detection of Human Bocavirus in Children with Acute Respiratory Tract Infections in Lanzhou and Nanjing,China

Objective The aim of this study was to explore the prevalent characteristics of HBoV1 and its co-infection.Methods PCR was used to detect HBoV1-DNA（HBoV1） and other viruses.A multivariate logistic regression model was used to explore possibility of co-detected for related viruses.Results The positivity rates in Nanjing and Lanzhou were 9.38%（74/789） and 11.62%（161/1386）,respectively（P〉0.05）.The HBoV1 positive group was younger than negative group（P〈0.05）.Seasonal differences were noted,with a higher frequency of infection in December and July.HBoV1-positive children [72.34%（169/235）] were co-infected with other respiratory viruses.Multifactorial analysis showed no correlations between HBoV1 and the clinical classification,region,gender,age,or treatment as an outpatient or in a hospital.Correlations were identified between HBoV1 infections with ADV（OR=1.53,95% CI 1.03-2.28）,RSV（OR=0.71,95% CI 0.52-0.98）,and IFVA（OR=1.77,95% CI 1.00-3.13）.Conclusions Presence of HBoV1 in nasopharyngeal aspirates did not correlate with region or gender,although the prevalence of HBoV1 was higher in younger children.There were no correlations between HBoV1 and other variables,except for the season and ADV,RSV,or IFVA infections.

Prescription practice of antihistamines for acute upper respiratory tract infections in pediatric patients in a local emergency department in Hong Kong

BACKGROUND: Currently there is very limited data in the literature assessing the prevalence of antihistamine prescription, and there is no local prevalence data about the prescription of antihistamine agents among primary practitioner and emergency physicians. The objectives are 1) to report the prevalence of antihistamine prescription for children less than 6 years old with acute upper respiratory infection and 2) to explore the associated factors for the prescription practice.METHODS: This is a cross-sectional study. All consecutive cases of paediatric patients aged 6 or below who presented to the emergency department during a study period of one week from April 1 to July 4, 2009 with diagnosis of acute upper respiratory infection were included. Totally 162 patients were included.RESULTS: Among the 162 cases, 141(87%) patients were prescribed one antihistamine of any group. Sixty(37%) patients were prescribed two or more antihistamines. In multivariate logistic regression model, age was found to be signi? cantly(P<0.001) associated with multiple antihistamine prescription(OR=1.042, 95%CI=1.02 to 1.06). Years of graduation of attending physician for more than 5 years was also a strong predictor of multiple antihistamine prescription(OR=4.654, 95%CI=2.20 to 9.84, P<0.001).CONCLUSION: In the local emergency department, patients' age and the years of graduation from medical school of the attending physician were predictors of multiple antihistamine prescription for acute upper respiratory infections for children aged less than 6.

Prevalence and antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of bacteria in ICU patients with lower respiratory tract infection: A cross-sectional study

Objective: To investigate the prevalence of isolated organisms in patients with lower respiratory tract infections and the antibiotic susceptibilities at a tertiary care center. Methods: In this observational and cross-sectional analysis, 114 patients admitted in the intensive care unit were enrolled. The endotracheal aspirates and bronchoalveolar lavage were collected. The bacteria were isolated and identified, and finally, antimicrobial sensitive pattern of the isolated bacteria was examined. Results: The prevalence of infection was 72.72% in male patients and 27.28% in females. The predominant bacteria were Klebsiella pneumoniae (37.50%) followed by Acinetobacter spp. (36.36%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (7.95%),Escherichia coli (6.81%), Proteus mirabilis (2.27%), atypical Escherichia coli (1.13%), Enterococcus spp. (1.13%),Elizabethkingia meningoseptica (1.13%),Staphylococcus aureus (1.13%),Proteus vulgaris (1.13%), Citrobacter freundii (1.13%), and Citrobacter koseri (1.13%). High resistance to cephalosporins (82.18%) was demonstrated in all Gram-negative bacteria. Bacteria showed susceptibility to colistin (88.75%) followed by tigecycline (83.11%), gentamycin (36.18%), and amikacin (49.23%). Conclusions: As the most frequent respiratory organisms, Klebsiella pneumoniae and Acinetobacter spp. have increased resistance to cephalosporins and susceptibility to colistin followed by tigecycline.

Validation of a Risk-Based Biomarker-Enhanced Scoring System for Lower Respiratory Tract Infections (OPTIMA I Basel)—An Observational Survey

Background: Despiteits recommendation in management guide lines for community acquired pneumonia (CAP), the CURB65 score is frequently not followed for disposition decisions in clinical routine. We therefore proposed an improved CURB65 A score, supplemented by proadre nome dull in (ProADM) levels for patients with CAP and other lower respiratory tract infections (LRTIs). In this study, we vali dated this risk based biomarker enhanced disposition in patients with LRTIs presenting to the emergency department of the University Hospital of Basel. Methods: In this prospective observational cohort study of 85 patients presenting with LRTIs, site of care was decided by the physicians in charge according to their judgement. Retro spectively the CURB65 A score was calculated and a virtual disposition assigned. This was compared with the existing disposition in order to identify efficacy of the novel risk based biomarker enhanced disposition. Results: The novel disposition criteria considered 14 patients suitable for outpatient treatment compared to 11 in the current disposition (p = 0.5). It detected 7 patients to be best treated outside the hospital for nursing reasons, while the current disposition detected only 1 patient requiring geriatric care (p = 0.09). Further, it decreased regular hospitalizations considerably (32 vs. 64, p 0.001). Conclusions: The novel risk based biomarker enhanced disposition is an objective, safe and probably more efficient disposition system to identify outpatient treatment options than the current practice at the University Hospital of Basel.

Study on Molecular Mechanism of Yiqing Capsule in Treating Upper Respiratory Tract Infection Based on Network Pharmacology

Objective: To investigate the possible mechanism of Yiqing Capsules in the treatment of upper respiratory tract infection based on network pharmacology. Methods: The main active components of Yiqing Capsules were selected on TCMSP database;the targets of upper respiratory tract infection were selected on GeneCards database. The drug-compound-target network and PPi network were constructed through STRING database and soft Cytoscape 3.7.2. Soft R was used to perform GO enrichment analysis and KEGG pathway enrichment analysis of main targets. Results: According to the screening conditions, 48 active compounds and 171 related targets were obtained. GO enrichment analysis obtained 2333 items, KEGG pathway enrichment analysis obtained 2248 items, including Kaposi sarcoma-associated herpesvirus infection, Human cytomegalovirus infection, Epstein-Barr virus infection, PI3K-Akt signaling pathway, etc. Conclusion: Yiqing capsules play a therapeutic role in upper respiratory tract infection through multi-target and multi-pathway.