A search strategy based on the maximal information gain principle is presented for the cued search of phased array radars. First, the method for the determination of the cued search region, arrangement of beam positio...A search strategy based on the maximal information gain principle is presented for the cued search of phased array radars. First, the method for the determination of the cued search region, arrangement of beam positions, and the calculation of the prior probability distribution of each beam position is discussed. And then, two search algorithms based on information gain are proposed using Shannon entropy and Kullback-Leibler entropy, respectively. With the proposed strategy, the information gain of each beam position is predicted before the radar detection, and the observation is made in the beam position with the maximal information gain. Compared with the conventional method of sequential search and confirm search, simulation results show that the proposed search strategy can distinctly improve the search performance and save radar time resources with the same given detection probability.展开更多
This paper addresses the problem of sensor search scheduling in the complicated space environment faced by the low-earth orbit constellation.Several search scheduling methods based on the commonly used information gai...This paper addresses the problem of sensor search scheduling in the complicated space environment faced by the low-earth orbit constellation.Several search scheduling methods based on the commonly used information gain are compared via simulations first.Then a novel search scheduling method in the scenarios of uncertainty observation is proposed based on the global Shannon information gain and beta density based uncertainty model.Simulation results indicate that the beta density model serves a good option for solving the problem of target acquisition in the complicated space environments.展开更多
Multi-sensor system is becoming increasingly important in a variety of military and civilian applications. In general, single sensor system can only provide partial information about environment while multi-sensor sys...Multi-sensor system is becoming increasingly important in a variety of military and civilian applications. In general, single sensor system can only provide partial information about environment while multi-sensor system provides a synergistic effect, which improves the quality and availability of information. Data fusion techniques can effectively combine this environmental information from similar and/or dissimilar sensors. Sensor management, aiming at improving data fusion performance by controlling sensor behavior, plays an important role in a data fusion process. This paper presents a method using fisher information gain based sensor effectiveness metric for sensor assignment in multi-sensor and multi-target tracking applications. The fisher information gain is computed for every sensor-target pairing on each scan. The advantage for this metric over other ones is that the fisher information gain for the target obtained by multi-sensors is equal to the sum of ones obtained by the individual sensor, so standard transportation problem formulation can be used to solve this problem without importing the concept of pseudo sensor. The simulation results show the effectiveness of the method.展开更多
Considering two seismic parameters,energy and the frequency of an earthquake as a whole from the definition of information gain in entropy,we study the information gain of M≥6.0 earthquakes from the world earthquake ...Considering two seismic parameters,energy and the frequency of an earthquake as a whole from the definition of information gain in entropy,we study the information gain of M≥6.0 earthquakes from the world earthquake catalogue during 1900-1992.The results show that the information gain decreases before strong earthquakes.Our study of the recent seismic tendency of large earthquakes shows that the probability of earthquakes with M≥8.5 is low for the near future around the world.The information gain technique provides a new approach to tracing and predicting earthquakes from the data of moderate and small earthquakes.展开更多
Sentiment analysis is the process of determining the intention or emotion behind an article.The subjective information from the context is analyzed by the sentimental analysis of the people’s opinion.The data that is...Sentiment analysis is the process of determining the intention or emotion behind an article.The subjective information from the context is analyzed by the sentimental analysis of the people’s opinion.The data that is analyzed quantifies the reactions or sentiments and reveals the information’s contextual polarity.In social behavior,sentiment can be thought of as a latent variable.Measuring and comprehending this behavior could help us to better understand the social issues.Because sentiments are domain specific,sentimental analysis in a specific context is critical in any real-world scenario.Textual sentiment analysis is done in sentence,document level and feature levels.This work introduces a new Information Gain based Feature Selection(IGbFS)algorithm for selecting highly correlated features eliminating irrelevant and redundant ones.Extensive textual sentiment analysis on sentence,document and feature levels are performed by exploiting the proposed Information Gain based Feature Selection algorithm.The analysis is done based on the datasets from Cornell and Kaggle repositories.When compared to existing baseline classifiers,the suggested Information Gain based classifier resulted in an increased accuracy of 96%for document,97.4%for sentence and 98.5%for feature levels respectively.Also,the proposed method is tested with IMDB,Yelp 2013 and Yelp 2014 datasets.Experimental results for these high dimensional datasets give increased accuracy of 95%,96%and 98%for the proposed Information Gain based classifier for document,sentence and feature levels respectively compared to existing baseline classifiers.展开更多
We advance here a novel methodology for robust intelligent biometric information management with inferences and predictions made using randomness and complexity concepts. Intelligence refers to learning, adap- tation,...We advance here a novel methodology for robust intelligent biometric information management with inferences and predictions made using randomness and complexity concepts. Intelligence refers to learning, adap- tation, and functionality, and robustness refers to the ability to handle incomplete and/or corrupt adversarial information, on one side, and image and or device variability, on the other side. The proposed methodology is model-free and non-parametric. It draws support from discriminative methods using likelihood ratios to link at the conceptual level biometrics and forensics. It further links, at the modeling and implementation level, the Bayesian framework, statistical learning theory (SLT) using transduction and semi-supervised lea- rning, and Information Theory (IY) using mutual information. The key concepts supporting the proposed methodology are a) local estimation to facilitate learning and prediction using both labeled and unlabeled data;b) similarity metrics using regularity of patterns, randomness deficiency, and Kolmogorov complexity (similar to MDL) using strangeness/typicality and ranking p-values;and c) the Cover – Hart theorem on the asymptotical performance of k-nearest neighbors approaching the optimal Bayes error. Several topics on biometric inference and prediction related to 1) multi-level and multi-layer data fusion including quality and multi-modal biometrics;2) score normalization and revision theory;3) face selection and tracking;and 4) identity management, are described here using an integrated approach that includes transduction and boosting for ranking and sequential fusion/aggregation, respectively, on one side, and active learning and change/ outlier/intrusion detection realized using information gain and martingale, respectively, on the other side. The methodology proposed can be mapped to additional types of information beyond biometrics.展开更多
传统的钓鱼网站检测技术主要采用随机或者凭经验选取敏感特征项用于检测的方法,无法保证检测的准确性。为此,提出一种面向钓鱼网站敏感特征选取的改进的信息增益算法IIGAIN(Improved Information Gain Algorithm)。该算法综合考虑了特...传统的钓鱼网站检测技术主要采用随机或者凭经验选取敏感特征项用于检测的方法,无法保证检测的准确性。为此,提出一种面向钓鱼网站敏感特征选取的改进的信息增益算法IIGAIN(Improved Information Gain Algorithm)。该算法综合考虑了特征项的类内离散度,通过对特征项的类内离散度差值做相应的处理,以处理后的结果作为惩罚项改进信息增益算法。实验结果表明,利用IIGAIN进行特征项选取的钓鱼网站检测方法的检测准确性明显优于随机选取特征项的钓鱼网站检测方法。展开更多
Information theory is used to obtain the information gain for each identification feature, and this gain is used as the weight factor for this feature to stress the role of effective feature, and the ART model based o...Information theory is used to obtain the information gain for each identification feature, and this gain is used as the weight factor for this feature to stress the role of effective feature, and the ART model based on artificial neural network theory is then used for identification thereby forming the detection system for poor insulators. Exper iments and calculations show this approach is correct and feasible.展开更多
The trend toward designing an intelligent distribution system based on students’individual differences and individual needs has taken precedence in view of the traditional dormitory distribution system,which neglects...The trend toward designing an intelligent distribution system based on students’individual differences and individual needs has taken precedence in view of the traditional dormitory distribution system,which neglects the students’personality traits,causes dormitory disputes,and affects the students’quality of life and academic quality.This paper collects freshmen's data according to college students’personal preferences,conducts a classification comparison,uses the decision tree classification algorithm based on the information gain principle as the core algorithm of dormitory allocation,determines the description rules of students’personal preferences and decision tree classification preferences,completes the conceptual design of the database of entity relations and data dictionaries,meets students’personality classification requirements for the dormitory,and lays the foundation for the intelligent dormitory allocation system.展开更多
【目的】存量发展背景下,城市公园等正式绿色空间增量困难、服务功能日益局限,而数量较多的非正式绿色空间尚未引起足够重视,未充分发挥价值。探究非正式绿色空间的独特价值与利用方式,可为用地约束下人居环境提升与绿化功能创新提供线...【目的】存量发展背景下,城市公园等正式绿色空间增量困难、服务功能日益局限,而数量较多的非正式绿色空间尚未引起足够重视,未充分发挥价值。探究非正式绿色空间的独特价值与利用方式,可为用地约束下人居环境提升与绿化功能创新提供线索。【方法】对Web of Science核心数据库登载的47篇典型文献进行了分析,从识别技术、游憩价值、生态价值和更新模式四方面,系统探知国外非正式绿色空间研究进展。【结果】非正式绿色空间具有触发多样游憩感知、满足多元使用需求、提升绿地获取公平性等游憩价值,以及丰富城市生物多样性、提升生态系统调节能力等生态价值。同时,国外实践表明,运用公共政策、政府支持、社会推动的综合策略可助力实现非正式绿色空间更新改造。【结论】结合国情并借鉴国外理论与实践,建议运用主动响应居民需求、创建地理信息数据库、创新规划管理范式三大策略优化国内城市非正式绿色空间建设,以期公平、生态、节约地推进城市绿化建设。展开更多
基金the High Technology Research and Development Programme of China (2003AA134030)
文摘A search strategy based on the maximal information gain principle is presented for the cued search of phased array radars. First, the method for the determination of the cued search region, arrangement of beam positions, and the calculation of the prior probability distribution of each beam position is discussed. And then, two search algorithms based on information gain are proposed using Shannon entropy and Kullback-Leibler entropy, respectively. With the proposed strategy, the information gain of each beam position is predicted before the radar detection, and the observation is made in the beam position with the maximal information gain. Compared with the conventional method of sequential search and confirm search, simulation results show that the proposed search strategy can distinctly improve the search performance and save radar time resources with the same given detection probability.
基金supported by the National Defense Pre-research Foundation (9140A21041110KG0148)
文摘This paper addresses the problem of sensor search scheduling in the complicated space environment faced by the low-earth orbit constellation.Several search scheduling methods based on the commonly used information gain are compared via simulations first.Then a novel search scheduling method in the scenarios of uncertainty observation is proposed based on the global Shannon information gain and beta density based uncertainty model.Simulation results indicate that the beta density model serves a good option for solving the problem of target acquisition in the complicated space environments.
文摘Multi-sensor system is becoming increasingly important in a variety of military and civilian applications. In general, single sensor system can only provide partial information about environment while multi-sensor system provides a synergistic effect, which improves the quality and availability of information. Data fusion techniques can effectively combine this environmental information from similar and/or dissimilar sensors. Sensor management, aiming at improving data fusion performance by controlling sensor behavior, plays an important role in a data fusion process. This paper presents a method using fisher information gain based sensor effectiveness metric for sensor assignment in multi-sensor and multi-target tracking applications. The fisher information gain is computed for every sensor-target pairing on each scan. The advantage for this metric over other ones is that the fisher information gain for the target obtained by multi-sensors is equal to the sum of ones obtained by the individual sensor, so standard transportation problem formulation can be used to solve this problem without importing the concept of pseudo sensor. The simulation results show the effectiveness of the method.
文摘Considering two seismic parameters,energy and the frequency of an earthquake as a whole from the definition of information gain in entropy,we study the information gain of M≥6.0 earthquakes from the world earthquake catalogue during 1900-1992.The results show that the information gain decreases before strong earthquakes.Our study of the recent seismic tendency of large earthquakes shows that the probability of earthquakes with M≥8.5 is low for the near future around the world.The information gain technique provides a new approach to tracing and predicting earthquakes from the data of moderate and small earthquakes.
文摘Sentiment analysis is the process of determining the intention or emotion behind an article.The subjective information from the context is analyzed by the sentimental analysis of the people’s opinion.The data that is analyzed quantifies the reactions or sentiments and reveals the information’s contextual polarity.In social behavior,sentiment can be thought of as a latent variable.Measuring and comprehending this behavior could help us to better understand the social issues.Because sentiments are domain specific,sentimental analysis in a specific context is critical in any real-world scenario.Textual sentiment analysis is done in sentence,document level and feature levels.This work introduces a new Information Gain based Feature Selection(IGbFS)algorithm for selecting highly correlated features eliminating irrelevant and redundant ones.Extensive textual sentiment analysis on sentence,document and feature levels are performed by exploiting the proposed Information Gain based Feature Selection algorithm.The analysis is done based on the datasets from Cornell and Kaggle repositories.When compared to existing baseline classifiers,the suggested Information Gain based classifier resulted in an increased accuracy of 96%for document,97.4%for sentence and 98.5%for feature levels respectively.Also,the proposed method is tested with IMDB,Yelp 2013 and Yelp 2014 datasets.Experimental results for these high dimensional datasets give increased accuracy of 95%,96%and 98%for the proposed Information Gain based classifier for document,sentence and feature levels respectively compared to existing baseline classifiers.
文摘We advance here a novel methodology for robust intelligent biometric information management with inferences and predictions made using randomness and complexity concepts. Intelligence refers to learning, adap- tation, and functionality, and robustness refers to the ability to handle incomplete and/or corrupt adversarial information, on one side, and image and or device variability, on the other side. The proposed methodology is model-free and non-parametric. It draws support from discriminative methods using likelihood ratios to link at the conceptual level biometrics and forensics. It further links, at the modeling and implementation level, the Bayesian framework, statistical learning theory (SLT) using transduction and semi-supervised lea- rning, and Information Theory (IY) using mutual information. The key concepts supporting the proposed methodology are a) local estimation to facilitate learning and prediction using both labeled and unlabeled data;b) similarity metrics using regularity of patterns, randomness deficiency, and Kolmogorov complexity (similar to MDL) using strangeness/typicality and ranking p-values;and c) the Cover – Hart theorem on the asymptotical performance of k-nearest neighbors approaching the optimal Bayes error. Several topics on biometric inference and prediction related to 1) multi-level and multi-layer data fusion including quality and multi-modal biometrics;2) score normalization and revision theory;3) face selection and tracking;and 4) identity management, are described here using an integrated approach that includes transduction and boosting for ranking and sequential fusion/aggregation, respectively, on one side, and active learning and change/ outlier/intrusion detection realized using information gain and martingale, respectively, on the other side. The methodology proposed can be mapped to additional types of information beyond biometrics.
文摘传统的钓鱼网站检测技术主要采用随机或者凭经验选取敏感特征项用于检测的方法,无法保证检测的准确性。为此,提出一种面向钓鱼网站敏感特征选取的改进的信息增益算法IIGAIN(Improved Information Gain Algorithm)。该算法综合考虑了特征项的类内离散度,通过对特征项的类内离散度差值做相应的处理,以处理后的结果作为惩罚项改进信息增益算法。实验结果表明,利用IIGAIN进行特征项选取的钓鱼网站检测方法的检测准确性明显优于随机选取特征项的钓鱼网站检测方法。
文摘Information theory is used to obtain the information gain for each identification feature, and this gain is used as the weight factor for this feature to stress the role of effective feature, and the ART model based on artificial neural network theory is then used for identification thereby forming the detection system for poor insulators. Exper iments and calculations show this approach is correct and feasible.
文摘The trend toward designing an intelligent distribution system based on students’individual differences and individual needs has taken precedence in view of the traditional dormitory distribution system,which neglects the students’personality traits,causes dormitory disputes,and affects the students’quality of life and academic quality.This paper collects freshmen's data according to college students’personal preferences,conducts a classification comparison,uses the decision tree classification algorithm based on the information gain principle as the core algorithm of dormitory allocation,determines the description rules of students’personal preferences and decision tree classification preferences,completes the conceptual design of the database of entity relations and data dictionaries,meets students’personality classification requirements for the dormitory,and lays the foundation for the intelligent dormitory allocation system.
文摘【目的】存量发展背景下,城市公园等正式绿色空间增量困难、服务功能日益局限,而数量较多的非正式绿色空间尚未引起足够重视,未充分发挥价值。探究非正式绿色空间的独特价值与利用方式,可为用地约束下人居环境提升与绿化功能创新提供线索。【方法】对Web of Science核心数据库登载的47篇典型文献进行了分析,从识别技术、游憩价值、生态价值和更新模式四方面,系统探知国外非正式绿色空间研究进展。【结果】非正式绿色空间具有触发多样游憩感知、满足多元使用需求、提升绿地获取公平性等游憩价值,以及丰富城市生物多样性、提升生态系统调节能力等生态价值。同时,国外实践表明,运用公共政策、政府支持、社会推动的综合策略可助力实现非正式绿色空间更新改造。【结论】结合国情并借鉴国外理论与实践,建议运用主动响应居民需求、创建地理信息数据库、创新规划管理范式三大策略优化国内城市非正式绿色空间建设,以期公平、生态、节约地推进城市绿化建设。
