Cognitive impairment in multiple sclerosis: lessons from cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers

Cognitive impairment is a common clinical manifestation of multiple sclerosis,but its pathophysiology is not completely understood.White and grey matter injury together with synaptic dysfunction do play a role.The measurement of biomarkers in the cerebrospinal fluid and the study of their association with cognitive impairment may provide interesting in vivo evidence of the biological mechanisms underlying multiple sclerosis-related cognitive impairment.So far,only a few studies on this topic have been published,giving interesting results that deserve further investigation.Cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers of different pathophysiological mechanisms seem to reflect different neuropsychological patterns of cognitive deficits in multiple sclerosis.The aim of this review is to discuss the studies that have correlated cerebrospinal fluid markers of immune,glial and neuronal pathology with cognitive impairment in multiple sclerosis.Although preliminary,these findings suggest that cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers show some correlation with cognitive performance in multiple sclerosis,thus providing interesting insights into the mechanisms underlying the involvement of specific cognitive domains.

高速铁路隧道机械化修建技术创新与智能化建造展望——以郑万高速铁路湖北段为例

为实现郑万高速铁路湖北段隧道安全、快速、高质量修建,开展全工序型机械配套条件下的施工技术、结构设计和信息化管理等一系列探索和创新:1)形成一套基于大型机械化的超前地质预报、掌子面超前预加固、隧道全断面机械开挖工法、初期支护机械化施工、宽幅防水板作业台车铺装和智能衬砌台车的全断面机械化施工技术;2)基于机械化施工技术,建立隧道围岩稳定性分级方法,并在新奥法理念指导下,优化隧道支护结构设计参数;3)建立隧道施工管理系统、施工信息采集系统、施工安全管理系统、混凝土拌合站质量管理系统、质M信誉评价系统以及施工动态管理系统等,以对隧道施工进行信息化管理。最后,在隧道机械化、信息化修建技术的基础上,从隧道支护体系智能动态设计系统、隧道支护体系智能机器人施工技术和隧道结构智能化监测系统等方面对隧道智能化修建技术进行探索和展望,以期将我国隧道建设水平推向新高度。

浅析如何加快企业信息化步伐

信息化建设是目前企业向前发展的必然趋势,而如何健康、稳步地推进信息化工作是一直困惑企业的难题。通过对企业现有信息化现状的考察、论证,最终确定企业应该如何加快信息化步伐。

寒冷地区高铁隧道冬期衬砌施工智能台车技术

京张高铁东花园隧道位于张家口市,所在地区冬季寒冷而漫长。目前,我国寒冷地区修建高速铁路工程的案例较少。东花园隧道通过对衬砌模板台车进行智能化技术升级、增加加热保温养护措施及信息化管理手段,有效避免了衬砌混凝土冻害的发生,实现了施工全程的质量控制。为我国今后承建类似隧道工程积累了技术经验。