Benign prostatic hyperplasia(BPH)is characterized by an enlarged prostate,lower urinary tract symptoms(LUTS),and a decreased urinary flow rate.Common in older men,BPH is a progressive disease that can eventually lead ...Benign prostatic hyperplasia(BPH)is characterized by an enlarged prostate,lower urinary tract symptoms(LUTS),and a decreased urinary flow rate.Common in older men,BPH is a progressive disease that can eventually lead to complications including acute urinary retention(AUR)and the need for BPH-related surgery.Both normal and abnormal prostate growth is driven by the androgen dihydrotestosterone(DHT),which is formed from testosterone under the influence of 5-alpha reductase.Thus,5-alpha reductase inhibitors(5-ARIs)effectively reduce the serum and intraprostatic concentration of DHT,causing an involution of prostate tissue.Two 5-ARIs are currently available for the treatment of BPHdfinasteride and dutasteride.Both have been demonstrated to decrease prostate volume,improve LUTS and urinary flow rates,which ultimately reduces the risk of AUR and BPH-related surgery.Therefore,either alone or in combination with other BPH medications,5-ARIs are a mainstay of BPH management.展开更多
Medical therapy for clinical benign prostatic hyperplasia(BPH)has advanced significantly in the last 2 decades.Many new a1 antagonists and 5a reductase inhibitors(5ARi)are now commercially available.The practicing uro...Medical therapy for clinical benign prostatic hyperplasia(BPH)has advanced significantly in the last 2 decades.Many new a1 antagonists and 5a reductase inhibitors(5ARi)are now commercially available.The practicing urologist must decide on the most appropriate medication for his patients,taking into consideration various factors like efficacy,dosing regime,adverse effects,cost,patient’s socioeconomic background,expectations,drug availability and his own clinical experience.The use of combination therapy added further to the complexity in clinical judgment when prescribing.We highlight some of the key points in prescribing a1 antagonists,5ARi and their combination,based on our viewpoints and experience as urologists in an Asian clinical setting.展开更多
Background: Patients with gross haematuria are sometimes found to have prostate cancer after clinical evaluation. The treatment of such haematuria could be very challenging. Use of a 5 alpha reductase inhibitor like d...Background: Patients with gross haematuria are sometimes found to have prostate cancer after clinical evaluation. The treatment of such haematuria could be very challenging. Use of a 5 alpha reductase inhibitor like dutasteride has been found helpful in bleeding prostate cancer patients if they have not undergone hormonal manipulation before they developed haematuria. Patients and Method: 26 patients with gross haematuria of prostatic origin who had histologic confirmation of adenocarcinoma of the prostate but who have not had chemical or surgical castration were randomized to receive daily dutasteride in addition to vigorous saline irrigation and antibiotics on one arm and vigorous saline irrigation and antibiotics only as control on the other arm. The time taken before haematuria resolved and the amount of irrigation fluid used were noted. Statistical analysis was done using SPSS. Student’s t-test and Kaplan Meier survival analysis were used to test various variables at 0.5 significant levels. Results: Of the 26 patients 12(46.2%) received 0.5 mg oral dutasteride in addition to saline irrigation while 14 (53.8%) received saline irrigation only. Haematuria stopped in all of 12 (100%) patients on dutasteride arm but on 12 (85.7%) of the 14 patients on the control arm. It took significantly shorter time and lesser volume of irrigation fluid before haematuria resolved in those treated with dutasteride than in those on the control arm. Conclusion: Dutasteride is effective in the control of acute haematuria in pre-androgen ablation prostate cancer patients.展开更多
Benign prostatic hyperplasia(BPH)is a common disease in men,and is known to be related to 5α-reductase,which can affect steroid metabolism.Under the promotion of 5α-reductase,testosterone can be converted into dihyd...Benign prostatic hyperplasia(BPH)is a common disease in men,and is known to be related to 5α-reductase,which can affect steroid metabolism.Under the promotion of 5α-reductase,testosterone can be converted into dihydrotestosterone(DHT),and excessive DHT will cause related diseases.Since BPH seriously affects the quality of life of patients,it is essential to discover effective 5α-reductase inhibitors.In this study,the simple analytical method of high performance thin layer chromatography(HPTLC)was used to screen active compounds,and seven compounds with strong activity were screened out.This research will provide a reference for studying the material basis of drugs for the treatment of BPH.展开更多
The development of human benign or malignant prostatic diseases is closely associated with androgens, primarily testosterone （T） and dihydrotestosterone （DHT）. T is converted to DHT by 5-alpha reductase （5-AR） i...The development of human benign or malignant prostatic diseases is closely associated with androgens, primarily testosterone （T） and dihydrotestosterone （DHT）. T is converted to DHT by 5-alpha reductase （5-AR） isozymes. Differential expression of 5-AR isozymes is observed in both human benign and malignant prostatic tissues. 5-AR inhibitors （5-ARI） are commonly used for the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia （BPH） and were once promoted as chemopreventive agents for prostate cancer （PCa）. This review discusses the role of the differential expression of 5-AR in the normal development of the human prostate and in the pathogenesis and progression of BPH and PCa.展开更多
目的:比较单用α肾上腺受体阻滞剂与α肾上腺受体阻滞剂联合5α-还原酶抑制剂治疗良性前列腺增生(BPH)的疗效。方法:检索中/英文公开发表的随机对照试验(RCT)。计算机检索Pub Med、EMbase、the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled...目的:比较单用α肾上腺受体阻滞剂与α肾上腺受体阻滞剂联合5α-还原酶抑制剂治疗良性前列腺增生(BPH)的疗效。方法:检索中/英文公开发表的随机对照试验(RCT)。计算机检索Pub Med、EMbase、the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials(CENTRAL)、CNKI、CBM、VIP、万方数据库。检索时间为建库至2015年6月30日。同时,手检纳入文献的参考文献。按纳入排除标准进行RCT的筛选、资料提取和质量评价后,采用Rev Man 5.2软件进行Meta分析。结果:共纳入4个研究,403例患者。Meta分析结果显示:有效性方面,两组在降低IPSS评分[SMD=0.89,95%CI(-0.66,2.45)P=0.26]、提高最大尿流率[SMD=-3.67,95%CI(-8.88,1.54)P=0.17]、减少残余尿量[SMD=0.62,95%CI(-0.97,2.22)P=0.17]上无明显统计学差异;与单用药物相比,联合用药在减少前列腺体积上[SMD=6.94,95%CI(2.06,11.81)P=0.005]效果更好,两组在出现不良反应(头晕[SMD=0.57,95%CI(0.16,1.98)P=0.38]、性功能减退[SMD=0.57,95%CI(0.16,1.98)P=0.38])上无明显统计学差异。结论:单用α肾上腺受体阻滞剂与α肾上腺受体阻滞剂联合5α-还原酶抑制剂相比,两者疗效相似,对于前列腺体积不大的患者,单用α肾上腺受体阻滞剂即可达到很好的疗效,避免了不必要的经济负担;对于前列腺体积较大的患者,则推荐联合用药。对于前列腺具体多大的体积才是单用α肾上腺受体阻滞剂与联合5α-还原酶抑制剂治疗的分界阈值,则需要更多高质量、大样本的RCT进一步论证。展开更多
文摘Benign prostatic hyperplasia(BPH)is characterized by an enlarged prostate,lower urinary tract symptoms(LUTS),and a decreased urinary flow rate.Common in older men,BPH is a progressive disease that can eventually lead to complications including acute urinary retention(AUR)and the need for BPH-related surgery.Both normal and abnormal prostate growth is driven by the androgen dihydrotestosterone(DHT),which is formed from testosterone under the influence of 5-alpha reductase.Thus,5-alpha reductase inhibitors(5-ARIs)effectively reduce the serum and intraprostatic concentration of DHT,causing an involution of prostate tissue.Two 5-ARIs are currently available for the treatment of BPHdfinasteride and dutasteride.Both have been demonstrated to decrease prostate volume,improve LUTS and urinary flow rates,which ultimately reduces the risk of AUR and BPH-related surgery.Therefore,either alone or in combination with other BPH medications,5-ARIs are a mainstay of BPH management.
文摘Medical therapy for clinical benign prostatic hyperplasia(BPH)has advanced significantly in the last 2 decades.Many new a1 antagonists and 5a reductase inhibitors(5ARi)are now commercially available.The practicing urologist must decide on the most appropriate medication for his patients,taking into consideration various factors like efficacy,dosing regime,adverse effects,cost,patient’s socioeconomic background,expectations,drug availability and his own clinical experience.The use of combination therapy added further to the complexity in clinical judgment when prescribing.We highlight some of the key points in prescribing a1 antagonists,5ARi and their combination,based on our viewpoints and experience as urologists in an Asian clinical setting.
文摘Background: Patients with gross haematuria are sometimes found to have prostate cancer after clinical evaluation. The treatment of such haematuria could be very challenging. Use of a 5 alpha reductase inhibitor like dutasteride has been found helpful in bleeding prostate cancer patients if they have not undergone hormonal manipulation before they developed haematuria. Patients and Method: 26 patients with gross haematuria of prostatic origin who had histologic confirmation of adenocarcinoma of the prostate but who have not had chemical or surgical castration were randomized to receive daily dutasteride in addition to vigorous saline irrigation and antibiotics on one arm and vigorous saline irrigation and antibiotics only as control on the other arm. The time taken before haematuria resolved and the amount of irrigation fluid used were noted. Statistical analysis was done using SPSS. Student’s t-test and Kaplan Meier survival analysis were used to test various variables at 0.5 significant levels. Results: Of the 26 patients 12(46.2%) received 0.5 mg oral dutasteride in addition to saline irrigation while 14 (53.8%) received saline irrigation only. Haematuria stopped in all of 12 (100%) patients on dutasteride arm but on 12 (85.7%) of the 14 patients on the control arm. It took significantly shorter time and lesser volume of irrigation fluid before haematuria resolved in those treated with dutasteride than in those on the control arm. Conclusion: Dutasteride is effective in the control of acute haematuria in pre-androgen ablation prostate cancer patients.
基金This study was financially supported by the Program of Shanghai Municipal Commission of Health and Family Planning(ZY(2018-2020)-CCCX-5002).
文摘Benign prostatic hyperplasia(BPH)is a common disease in men,and is known to be related to 5α-reductase,which can affect steroid metabolism.Under the promotion of 5α-reductase,testosterone can be converted into dihydrotestosterone(DHT),and excessive DHT will cause related diseases.Since BPH seriously affects the quality of life of patients,it is essential to discover effective 5α-reductase inhibitors.In this study,the simple analytical method of high performance thin layer chromatography(HPTLC)was used to screen active compounds,and seven compounds with strong activity were screened out.This research will provide a reference for studying the material basis of drugs for the treatment of BPH.
基金This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China （No. 30973015） and the Beijing Natural Science Foundation （No. 7122074） at Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University to YNN.
文摘The development of human benign or malignant prostatic diseases is closely associated with androgens, primarily testosterone （T） and dihydrotestosterone （DHT）. T is converted to DHT by 5-alpha reductase （5-AR） isozymes. Differential expression of 5-AR isozymes is observed in both human benign and malignant prostatic tissues. 5-AR inhibitors （5-ARI） are commonly used for the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia （BPH） and were once promoted as chemopreventive agents for prostate cancer （PCa）. This review discusses the role of the differential expression of 5-AR in the normal development of the human prostate and in the pathogenesis and progression of BPH and PCa.
文摘目的:比较单用α肾上腺受体阻滞剂与α肾上腺受体阻滞剂联合5α-还原酶抑制剂治疗良性前列腺增生(BPH)的疗效。方法:检索中/英文公开发表的随机对照试验(RCT)。计算机检索Pub Med、EMbase、the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials(CENTRAL)、CNKI、CBM、VIP、万方数据库。检索时间为建库至2015年6月30日。同时,手检纳入文献的参考文献。按纳入排除标准进行RCT的筛选、资料提取和质量评价后,采用Rev Man 5.2软件进行Meta分析。结果:共纳入4个研究,403例患者。Meta分析结果显示:有效性方面,两组在降低IPSS评分[SMD=0.89,95%CI(-0.66,2.45)P=0.26]、提高最大尿流率[SMD=-3.67,95%CI(-8.88,1.54)P=0.17]、减少残余尿量[SMD=0.62,95%CI(-0.97,2.22)P=0.17]上无明显统计学差异;与单用药物相比,联合用药在减少前列腺体积上[SMD=6.94,95%CI(2.06,11.81)P=0.005]效果更好,两组在出现不良反应(头晕[SMD=0.57,95%CI(0.16,1.98)P=0.38]、性功能减退[SMD=0.57,95%CI(0.16,1.98)P=0.38])上无明显统计学差异。结论:单用α肾上腺受体阻滞剂与α肾上腺受体阻滞剂联合5α-还原酶抑制剂相比,两者疗效相似,对于前列腺体积不大的患者,单用α肾上腺受体阻滞剂即可达到很好的疗效,避免了不必要的经济负担;对于前列腺体积较大的患者,则推荐联合用药。对于前列腺具体多大的体积才是单用α肾上腺受体阻滞剂与联合5α-还原酶抑制剂治疗的分界阈值,则需要更多高质量、大样本的RCT进一步论证。
