Porcine Interleukin-2 Expression in Insect Cells and Its Enhancement of Pig Immunity to Swine Influenza Virus Inactivated Vaccine

Mature porcine interleukin-2 （pIL-2） gene was amplified by PCR from the plasmid pGEM-T-pIL2 and cloned into the baculovirus pFastBacTM Dual vector of the Bac-to-Bac baculovirus expression system under the control of the PH promoter. Recombinant plL-2 （rpIL-2） expressed in Sf9 insect cells was detected by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and immunofluorescence assay. Western blot analysis confirmed that the rpIL-2 protein had a molecular mass of 20 kDa, which was larger than the molecular mass of the mature protein predicted based on its peptide sequence. The rpIL-2 protein induced in vitro proliferation of ConA-stimulated porcine splenocytes and enhanced in vivo protective immune responses induced by vaccinating the pigs with inactivated oil emulsion vaccine against swine influenza virus. The results showed that the rpIL-2 expressed in Sf9 insect cells has immunoenhancement effects; the finding lays the foundation for the preparation of a specific recombinant IL-2 protein and the development of a novel immune adjuvant of vaccines against various infectious porcine pathogens to increase the immunoprotective efficacy of vaccines.

Human μ-opioid receptor overexpressed in Sf9 insect cells functionally coupled to endogenous G_(i/o) proteins

Human μ-opioid receptor （HμOR） with a tag of six consecutive histidines at its carboxyl terminus had been expressed in recombinant baculovirus infected Sf9 insect cells.The maximal binding capacity for the [3H] diprenorphine and [3H]ohmefentanyl （Ohm） were 9.1± 0.7 and 6.52±0.23 nmol/g protein, respectively. The [3H] diprenorphine or [3H] Ohm binding to the receptor expressed in Sf9 cells was strongly inhibited by μ-selective agonists [D-Ala2], N-methylPhe4, glyol5]enkephalin （DAGO）, Ohm, and morphine, but neither by δ nor by K selective agonist. Na+ （100 mM） and GTP （50 μM） could reduce HμOR agonists etorphine and Ohm affinity binding to the overexpressed HμOR. μ-selective agonists DAGO and Ohm effectively stimulated [35S]GTPγS binding (EC50 = 2.7nM and 6.9 nM) and inhibited forskolin- stimulated cAMP accumulation (IC50 = 0.9 nM and 0.3 nM). The agonist-dependent effects could be blocked by opioid antagonist naloxone or by pretreatment of cells with pertussis toxin （PTX）. These results demonstrated that HμOR overexpressed in Sf9 insect cells functionally coupled to endogenous Gi/o proteins.

High-Level Production of a Functional Recombinant Hepatitis B Virus Polymerase in Insect Cells with a Baculovirus Expression System

HBV polymerase has intrinsic RNA-dependent reverse transcriptase, DNA-dependent DNA polymerase as well as RNaseH activity. Analysis of HBV polymerase has been hampered for many years due to the inability to express functional enzyme in a recombinant system. To obtain ac- tive polymerase at a high level, we have taken advantage of baculovirus expression system. The gene of HBV polymerase was amplified by PCR and cloned into pFastBac Dual to construct the recombi- nant plasmid pFastbac Dual-pol. The recombinant donor plasmid, pFastbac Dual-pol, was constructed by inserting HBV polymerase gene into EcoRI and PstI sites controlled by polyhedrin promoter. The recombinant donor plasmid was transformed into DH10Bac competent cells for transposition. Re- combinant bacmid was constructed by inserting of the mini-Tn7 element from the donor plasmid into the mini-attTn7 attachment site on the bacmid. The recombinant bacmid DNA was isolated and transfected into the Sf9 cells to produce the recombinant virus, and healthy insect Sf9 cells were in- fected with the recombinant virus containing HBV polymerse gene to express the target protein. HBV polymerse expressed in insect cells was analyzed by SDS-PAGE. PCR results showed recombinant donor plasmid, pFastbac Dual-pol, was constructed successfully. The recombinant hepatitis B virus polymerase was expressed in insect cells at high level. The recombinant hepatitis B virus polymerase should facilitate the analysis of HBV polymerase biological characteristics, allow the investigation for new anti-HBV drugs specifically blocking HBV polymerase.

INFLUENCE OF MIXING DEVICE ON SERUM-FREE CULTIVATION OF INSECT CELLS IN SPINNER FLASKS

A culture system was developed and successfully employed for the serum-free cultivation of Tn-5B1-4 (Tn5 ) insect cells. With our adaptation procedure, it was possible to obtain cells fully adapted to serum-free media in stationary T-flasks and then enable these adapted cells to grow well in spinner flasks immediately. The spinner "ask with special stirring design proved tO provide favorable culture environment that made it desirable for use in the serum-free cultivation of Tn5 cells even at low seeding density.

Expression of Hantaan virus 26 kD fragment of nucleocapsid protein in insect cells and prelimimary study on its immunogenicity

Objective: To express the 26 kD fragment of Hantaan virus nucleocapsid protein that contains the major antigenic epitopes in insect cells, and make a preliminary analysis of its immunological characteristics. Methods: The recombinant baculovirus bac-S0.7 with the 700 bp fragment of S gene 5' terminal of Hantaan virus was constructed, and the antigenicity of the expression product was tested. Mice were injected with Sf9 cells infected by the recombinant baculovirus. The humoral and cellular immunological effects were identified by indirect immunofluorescence assay, micro-cell culture neutralization test and T lymphocytes stimulation test. Results: Immunized by bac-S0.7 infecting insect cells, specific antibody with the highest titer of 1∶1 600 was observed. The stimulation indexes of splenocytes of immunized mice to nucleocapsid protein of Hantaan virus was higher than the negative control. Conclusion: The expression product of S0.7 gene fragment in insect cells is immunogenic.

Expression of Rice Gall Dwarf Virus Outer Coat Protein Gene (S8) in Insect Cells

To obtain the P8 protein of Rice gall dwarf virus (RGDV) with biological activity,its outer coat protein gene S8 was expressed in Spodoptera frugiperda (Sf9) insect cells using the baculovirus expression system.The S8 gene was subcloned into the pFastBacTM1 vector,to produce the recombinant baculovirus transfer vector pFB-S8.After transformation,pFB-S8 was introduced into the competent cells (E.coli DH10Bac) containing a shuttle vector,Bacmid,generating the recombinant bacmid rbpFB-S8.After being infected by recombinant baculovirus rvpFB-S8 at different multiplicities of infection,Sf9 cells were collected at different times and analyzed by SDS-PAGE,Western blotting and immunofluorescence microscopy.The expression level of the P8 protein was highest between 48-72 h after transfection of Sf9 cells.Immunofluorescence microscopy showed that P8 protein of RGDV formed punctate structures in the cytoplasm of Sf9 cells.

Expression of the Human Growth Hormone Genein Insect Cells

The insect cellvirus (AcNPV) system was used to express heterologous protein. The recombinant transfer vector pVL1393/hGH was reconstructed in which the human Growth Hormone (hGH) gene was inserted under the control of the polyhedron gene promoter. The Spodoptera frugiperda (Sf9) cells was cotransfected with the plasmid DNA containing hGH gene and wildtype AcNPV DNA. The hGH gene was transferred to the AcNPV genome DNA through homologous recombination, and the recombinant virus rAcVhGH was obtained by multiple plaque purification. The high level of production of hGH (40 μg/mL) in supernatant of the infected monolayer culture was determined by immunochemiluminescent assay.

Expression of a bee venom phospholipase A_2 from Apis cerana cerana in the baculovirus-insect cell

Bee venom phospholipase A2(BvPLA2) is a lipolytic enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis of the sn-2 acyl bond of glycerophospholipids to liberate free fatty acids and lysophospholipids.In this work,a new BvPLA2(AccPLA2) gene from the Chinese honeybee(Apis cerana cerana) venom glands was inserted into bacmid to construct a recombinant transfer vector.Tn-5B-4(Tn) cells were transfected with the recombinant bacmid DNA for expression.Sodium dodecylsulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis(SDS-PAGE) analysis revealed a double band with molecular weights of 16 and 18 kDa.Products of hexahistidine AccPLA2 fusion protein accumulated up to 5.32% of the total cellular proteins.The AccPLA2 fusion protein was cross reactive with the anti-AmPLA2(BvPLA2 of the European honeybee,Apis mellifera) polyclonal serum.The reaction resulted in a double glycosylation band,which agrees with the band generated by the native AmPLA2 in Western blot analysis.The PLA2 activity of the total extracted cellular protein in the hydrolyzing egg yolk is about 3.16 μmol/(min·mg).In summary,the recombinant AccPLA2 protein,a native BvPLA2-like structure with corresponding biological activities,can be glycosylated in Tn cells.These findings provided fundamental knowledge for potential genetic engineering to produce AccPLA2 in the pharmaceutical industry.

Expression of Green Fluorescent Protein Gene with Baculovirus Vectorin Insect Cells

The green fluorescence of bioluminescent jellyfish Aequorea victoria is due to the presence of the green fluorescent protein (GFP). To examine whether the GFP gene can be applied as a reporter gene in insect cells, a baculovirus transfer vector containing the neomycin resistance gene (neo) was established. The GFP gene was subcloned into the vector downstream of the polyhedrin gene (ocu) promoter. In the presence of G418, the recombinant virus can be purified. Expression of the GFP gene in the recombinant virus should give rise to synthesis of the GFP with a molecular weight of 30×10 3 dalton, and is observable by the strong green light irradiated by ultraviolet or blue light in viable intact insect cells. The GFP produced in insect cells has typical fluorescent spectra indistinguishable from those of the purified native GFP. The GFP gene as a good reporter gene can be applied to the baculovirus insect cell expression system.

Transcriptome analyses of insect cells to facilitate baculovirus-insect expression

The High Five cell line （BTI-TN-5B1-4） isolated from the cabbage looper, Trichoplusia ni is an insect cell line widely used for baculovirus-mediated recombinant protein expression. Despite its widespread application in industry and academic laboratories, the genomic background of this cell line remains unclear. Here we sequenced the transcriptome of High Five cells and assembled 25,234 transcripts. Codon usage analysis showed that High Five cells have a robust codon usage capacity and therefore suit for expressing proteins of both eukaryotic- and prokaryotic-origin. Genes involved in glycosylation were profiled in our study, providing guidance for engineering glycosylated proteins in the insect cells. We also predicted signal peptides for transcripts with high expression abundance in both High Five and Sf21 cell lines, and these results have important implications for optimizing the expression level of some secretory and membrane proteins.

Establishment, Growth kinetics, and Susceptibility to AcMNPV of Heat Tolerant Lepidopteran Cell Lines

Lepidopteran heat-tolerant (ht) cell lines have been obtained with sf-9, sf-21 and several Bombyx cells. They have a distinct karyotype, membrane lipid composition, morphology and growth kinetics from the parental cell lines. In this paper, we report the development of ht cell lines from other insect species and examination of their growth characteristics and virus susceptibility. Adaptation of cell lines sf-9, BTI-TN-5B1-4 (High5) and BTI-TN-MG1 (MG1) to 33℃ and 35℃ was carried out by shifting the culture temperature between 28℃ and higher temperatures by a gradual stepwise increase in temperature. The process of adaption to a higher culture temperature was accomplished over a period of 2 months. The cell lines with the temperature adaption were designated as sf9-ht33, sf9-ht35, High5-ht33, High5-ht35, MG1-ht33, MG1-ht35. These cell lines have been subcultured over 70 passages. Adaption to high temperatures was confirmed by a constant population doubling time with individual cell lines. The population doubling time of heat adapted cell lines were 1-4 h less than these of parental cell lines. Cell shapes did not show obvious change, however, the cell size of sf9-ht cells was enlarged and those of High5 and MG1 ht cells were reduced after heat adaption. When the cell lines were infected with Autographa californica nuclear polyhedrosis virus (AcMNPV) at 28℃, 33℃, 35℃ and 37℃, production of budded virus and occlusion bodies in each cell line was optimum at its own adapted temperature.

利用一种新型反应器——BelloCell培养动物细胞

利用BelloCell这种新型的生物反应器,来培养COS7细胞和昆虫Sf 9细胞。COS7细胞和昆虫Sf 9细胞分别用T75培养瓶及spinner flask培养之后,经细胞计数接入BelloCell之中,同时检测并分析培养基中葡萄糖、谷氨酰胺、乳酸和氨浓度变化情况。COS7细胞初始接种量为4.208×107cells,最终在培养156h后细胞数量达到了4.68×108cells,是初始细胞量的11倍。sf 9细胞初始接种细胞量为1×108cells,在培养192h时,细胞总量达到了最高为4.01×109cells,是最初细胞量的40倍。培养基的代谢物进行有规律的变化。BelloCell适合COS7细胞和昆虫Sf 9细胞高密度大规模培养,为动物细胞高效大规模表达药物蛋白,奠定重要的基础。

基于杆状病毒-昆虫细胞表达系统的猪脑心肌炎病毒样颗粒的表达及鉴定

脑心肌炎(encephalomyocarditis)是由脑心肌炎病毒(encephalomyocarditis virus,EMCV)引起的以猪的脑炎、心肌炎为主要特征的病毒性人畜共患病,可感染多种哺乳动物,目前国内尚无有效疫苗。本研究旨在开发一款安全有效的疫苗以防控该病。采用P1、3CD共表达的构建策略,利用杆状病毒-昆虫细胞表达系统获得EMCV病毒样颗粒(virus-like particals,VLPs)并将其免疫小鼠,初步评价其在小鼠体内的免疫应答效果。结果显示,免疫组小鼠特异性抗体滴度达到1∶192以上,中和抗体滴度达到1∶64以上,且与ISA206佐剂混合使用可诱导机体产生更高的抗体水平。IL-4、IFN-γ、IL-5、TNF-α细胞因子水平均可达到20 pg·mL^(-1),且明显高于PBS组。综上,本研究获得的EMCV病毒样颗粒疫苗可以诱导机体产生良好的细胞免疫和体液免疫应答,还能诱导炎症细胞因子的产生,有助于激发机体的免疫反应,增强疫苗的保护效果,为EMCV的防控提供了理论依据和技术储备。

石豆兰属植物国内外研究进展

综述总结近20年来国内外石豆兰属植物的研究进展。结果表明,石豆兰的化学成分主要包括菲类、联苄类、黄酮类、苯丙烷类和芪类,这些成分赋予其抗癌、抗炎镇痛、抗菌和抗氧化等生物活性。石豆兰唇瓣上的分泌组织释放甲基丁香酚、覆盆子酮、姜油酮等化学物质,以吸引雄性果蝇协助其授粉。此外,马达加斯加岛的石豆兰呈现出明显的历史进化痕迹。通过本综述,为石豆兰属植物的保护、开发和利用提供理论基础。

一株PEDV广东流行株S1基因遗传进化分析及其在昆虫细胞中的表达纯化

为了解猪流行性腹泻病毒广东流行株的S1基因流行变异情况,制备相应的诊断试剂,试验采用RT-PCR从猪流行性腹泻疑似发病仔猪的肠道内容物中扩增获得S1基因,利用生物信息学软件构建S1基因的遗传进化树.将S1基因克隆至杆状病毒穿梭质粒pFastBac1,转化至DH10Bac感受态细胞中,经抗生素筛选重组杆粒,把重组杆粒转染到昆虫细胞Sf9,盲传3代后进行间接免疫荧光试验和Western blot鉴定.结果表明:该猪流行性腹泻病毒广东流行株分布于GII-b分支,与国内猪流行性腹泻病毒分离株(HN-HB1-2018、HBHA2015)的核苷酸相似性为98.0%~98.3%,而与猪流行性腹泻病毒经典毒株CV777、DR13的核苷酸相似性仅为89.9%~90.0%.且S1重组蛋白可在昆虫细胞Sf9中以细胞培养分泌上清的形式表达.本研究可为猪流行性腹泻病毒的流行现状研究提供参考,以及后续猪流行性腹泻病毒诊断制品的研发提供前期基础.

昆虫细胞工程研究进展

综述了从60年代首次建立昆虫细胞系以来国内外的昆虫细胞工程的研究进展。包括昆虫细胞培养基的研究,昆虫细胞系的建立,昆虫细胞冻存的研究,昆虫细胞培养过程中污染的检测和解决,以及昆虫细胞—杆状病毒表达系统(BaculovirusExpressionVectorSystem,BEVS)的研究现状和展望。

昆虫细胞系的培养和建立技术

迄今已经报道的昆虫细胞系有800株以上。昆虫细胞系在昆虫病理学、寄生虫学、内分泌学、遗传学和分子生物学等基础和应用研究中得到越来越广泛的应用。本文结合我们研究的结果和实践经验,概括了国内外昆虫细胞系建立技术的研究进展,包括昆虫细胞培养的发展、昆虫细胞系建立技术、不同昆虫组织来源细胞系的建立方法和过程,以及对昆虫细胞系特征的鉴定等方面。

猪干扰素α在昆虫细胞中分泌表达及其抗病毒活性检测

【目的】为获得重组猪干扰素α。【方法】本研究应用Bac-to-Bac杆状病毒/昆虫细胞表达系统,将编码成熟猪干扰素α基因插入供体质粒pFastBacⅠ多克隆位点,置于pH启动子控制下,昆虫可识别的蜂素信号肽(honeybeemelittinsignalpeptide,HBM)取代猪干扰素α原有信号肽以实现分泌型表达,并在C端融合6个组氨酸标签以利于纯化。将构建质粒转化DH10感受态细胞进行同源重组,经抗性和蓝白斑筛选,获得重组穿梭质粒Bacmid,转染对数生长期的Sf9昆虫细胞获得重组杆状病毒。【结果】重组蛋白通过间接免疫荧光、Western-blot证明重组蛋白在重组杆状病毒感染的昆虫细胞中获得分泌表达。通过在猪肾细胞(PK-15)上抑制水泡性口炎病毒(VSV)致病变作用检测重组蛋白的抗病毒活性,结果表明:昆虫细胞上清的抗病毒效价达到1.07×105U·ml-1,昆虫细胞裂解液的抗病毒效价为3.15×104U·ml-1。【结论】应用蜂素信号肽实现猪干扰素α在昆虫细胞上分泌表达,为临床上防治猪病毒性疫病奠定了基础。

猪细小病毒VP_2蛋白在昆虫细胞中的表达及其特性

将猪细小病毒 (PorcineParvovirus,PPV)vp2 基因重组到杆状病毒Bac To Bac表达系统的pFastBacⅠ质粒中 ,构建了pFast vp2 质粒。在DH10 Bac大肠杆菌中 ,pFast vp2 与改造过的苜蓿夜蛾核型多角体病毒 (AcNPV)基因组 (Bacmid)发生同源重组 ,从而获得重组穿梭载体Bac mid vp2 ,转染Sf9细胞得到重组病毒AcNPV vp2 。SDS PAGE和Western blotting分析可见大小约为 6 4kD的特异性带 ,表明AcNPV vp2 在Sf9细胞中成功地表达了PPVVP2 蛋白。红细胞凝集试验和间接ELISA进一步证实 ,表达的VP2 蛋白具有与全病毒相同的血凝活性和相似的抗原性。电镜观察VP2 蛋白的粗提物 ,发现VP2 蛋白可自行装配成许多病毒样粒子 (VLPs)

昆虫细胞培养研究进展

随着生命科学的迅速发展,细胞工程愈来愈受到人们的重视。以昆虫细胞为对象的细胞培养技术在现代实验生物学上具有重要的价值,已经广泛地应用于医学、农业及生物学的各个领域。本文综述了有关昆虫细胞培养的研究进展,包括昆虫细胞培养基研究开发,昆虫细胞系的建立和组织培养,利用生物反应器大规模培养昆虫细胞,昆虫细胞-杆状病毒表达系统(B acu lov irus express ion vector system,BEV S),构建基因工程细胞系及其稳定性表达,以及昆虫细胞培养的应用前景和研究展望。