Restorating marine coastal ecosystem health as a new goad for integrated catchment management in Tolo Harbour,Hong Kong,China

The paper demonstrates why it is necessary to take the restoration of marine coastal ecosystem health as a new goal for integrated catchment management, in coastal area of the Tolo Harbour. The present goal of integrated catchment management (ICM) in the Tolo Harbour is to meet with Water Quality Objectives. The performance of an ICM plan, Tolo Harbour Action Plan (THAP), is evaluated by using marine coastal ecosystem health indicators including stress indicators and responses indicators. Since the implementation of THAP in 1988, some significant reduction in pollution loading has been observed - reduction of 83 % of BOD load and 82 % of TN between 1988 and 1999. There has been an improvement in the health state of Tolo Harbour marine coastal ecosystem as evidenced in the trends of the physical, chemical and biological indicators, although some reverse fluctuations in some periods exist. However, this can only be considered as the first sign of the ecosystem health restoration, since ecosystem health

An Integrated Coastal Zone Management （ICZM） Project： CoastLearn in Black Sea （CLBS）

The importance attached to the need for sustainable development in the coastal areas is increasing. A management plan is required to minimize the environmental destruction resulting from the complexity of the property in coastal areas, of human activities and of natural systems and to utilize the coastal resources effectively. The utilization of coasts, besides becoming very important particularly in views of tourism, has faced pressures caused by huge. These areas are mostly self-contradictory demands for the environmental protection. The project is an EU Life Long Learning Programme Project and the project duration is 24 months. The aim of the CoastLearn in Black Sea （CLBS） is to mobilize the human resources in the tourism and coastal management sector in Black Sea in general and notably Sinop, Varna and Constanta by raising awareness among the local decision making mechanisms of the integrated coastal zone management in order to encourage people to utilize the coastal resources in a coherent and balanced way.

Marine disaster prevention and integrated coastal zone management

Ocean is home town of wind and rain, treasury of resources. To exploit and use ocean will make great contribution to people’s existence and development. China is a great oceanic country with pre cinct sea area of 3,000,000 km2. The eastern coastal region with only 60 km width, 15 % area and 40% of population of China, has created about 60% of GDP and has become the most developed region. But marine disaster in China is frequent and serious. From statistical data, economy loss made by surge, billow, sea ice, tsunami, red tide, oil spill, coast erosion, bay deposit, sea water intrusion, sea level rise, land salinization, sea water pollution, etc. increase quickly. Economy loss per year is one billion in the l980s, 10 billion in the l990s, exceeded 20 billion in 1996, and 30 billion in 1997. About 80% of it happened in the coastal area. So, marine disaster at present has become obstacle of society progress and economy development in coastal area. To mitigate marine disaster has become need for the economy development, also important task of the integrated coastal zone management. In this article, we briefly introduce countermeasures for marine disaster prevention, coastal zone management, and achievements made in the past 50 years, its problems now confronted, and the main countermeasures in the 21St century.

Validating Governance Performance Indicators for Integrated Coastal and Ocean Management in the Southeast Region of Cuba

The importance of evaluating the success of policies developed to effectively manage coastal and marine resource use is well documented. However, few frameworks exist that allow for a comparative examination of existing policy instruments, as opposed to specific initiatives, which assess governance performance aimed at addressing issues arising in the coastal zone. This paper describes the process and findings for evaluating the feasibility of a modified Coastal Sustainability Standard (CoSS) framework that seeks to measure the effectiveness of individual planning instruments within overlapping spatial boundaries in the landward and marine areas in the southeast region of Cuba. Through workshops conducted in Santiago de Cuba and Guamá municipalities with key representatives involved in coastal management and planning, the utility of the framework was assessed using the main instruments of territorial planning in Cuba, namely integrated river basin management, territorial planning in coastal municipalities and marine and coastal management. While, the findings suggest that the modified CoSS framework can be used to assess the effectiveness of these planning instruments in the region, and workshop participants also suggested improvements to better match its use to the characteristics of the study region.

Integrated Coastal Flood Risk Management as a Means to Build Resilient Communities

There is a clear trend in the increase of damages and loss of lives and livelihoods in coastal areas as a result of rapid increase in coastal populations, and overall socio-economic development in coastal regions resulting in an increase in vulnerability of populations exposed to coastal floods and exposed infrastructure. Coastal flooding as a result of i.e. storm surges are difficult to predict and cannot be prevented, however there are means to apply integrated flood risk management approaches aiming to reduce the impact of coastal floods. A measure of the effectiveness of such approaches is the awareness and response of coastal communities to coastal flood risks. The paper introduces best practices and methods to lower coastal flood risk at the level of provinces, districts and the community level. This includes advances in coastal flood forecasting and early warning practices, improvement of institutional preparedness and integrated flood management practices as well as measures at the community level aiming to strengthen their resilience to coastal floods. The paper provides a showcase for the historical development and achievements to pave ways for the eventual implementation of a pilot project on integrated flood risk management in coastal areas in central Viet Nam.

Adaptive Integrated Coastal Zone Planning:History,Challenges,Advances,and Perspectives

Coastal zones are dynamic,rich environments,now densely populated,and increasingly challenged by human and climatechange pressures.Effective long-term integrated coastal zone planning is needed to ensure sustainable environmental protection and economic development.In this study,we reviewed the history of coastal zone planning since its birth in the 1950s based on the literature retrieved from the Web of Science(Core Collection)from 2000–2023,then summarized the tools and spatial allocation methods commonly used in the planning process,and finally proposed potential solutions to the challenges faced.The results show that after decades of development,coastal zone planning has changed from a decentralized activity to a targeted and integrated one,with an increasing emphasis on the ecosystem approach and the use of multiple planning tools.Spatial analysis techniques and environmental modelling software have become increasingly popular.Linear programming and overlay analysis are common approaches when performing spatial optimization,but land-sea interactions and planning in the marine parts still lack in-depth analysis and practical experience.We are also aware that the challenges posed by the integration of administrative hierarchies,scoping and conservation objectives,stakeholder participation,consideration of social dimensions,and climate change are pervasive throughout the planning process.There is an urgent need to develop more flexible and accurate spatial modelling tools,as well as more efficient participatory methods,and to focus on the holistic nature of the land-sea system to create more resilient and sustainable coastal zones.

Can We Manage Coastal Area? Will We?——The Institutional Change of the Coastal Area Management of Taiwan

The Coastal Zone Management Act was finally promulgated in 2015,while Ministry of the Interior was asked to draft a coastal management act in 1991 by Executive Yuan.It was until the government’s lifting of martial law in 1987,vigorous activities started prevailing on coastal areas.And relevant legal documents were on sea reclamation for development in the 1980’s by Council of Agriculture.The approval of“Taiwan Coastal Area Natural Environment Protection Plan”showed an era of environmental protection in 1980s.However,it was surely not market driven,similar to land development,but some efforts by the administration systems.Through all the years,the efforts were put on drafting plans and these efforts were not quite sounding.The coastal disasters and further climate change caught the attention of relevant NGOs,scholars,politicians,and the society.At the critical juncture the government was made to react to outside demands.And then the Coastal Zone Management Act was passed by Legislative Yuan,establishing an integrated coastal management system in Taiwan.As such,it is proposed to look into this long process of the attempt with the concept of institutional change in order to understand this coastal environmental preservation and protection issue in a broader scope.

Zoning of Far Eastern Seas of Russia for Integrated Nature Management

On the Pacific coast of Russia implementation of the methodology of the integrated nature management has a number of peculiarities. On the one hand, these districts are characterized by severe hydrometeorological conditions. On the other hand, Russia has no applicable legislation on coastal issues. Thus, to prepare informational, theoretical and methodical bases for organization of sustained nature management in coastal zones of the Russian Federation, we developed hierarchy structure of delimitation of coastal areas and recommendations for their development on the basis of nature resource and social-economic zoning. Zoning of the Russian Far East is suggested to include two major directions： （1） planning of sustainable development of the region and （2） solving contradictions between fisheries and productions of oil and gas in the coastal zones.

ICM模型的水文参数局部灵敏度及其稳定性分析

将城市综合流域排水模型(ICM,Integrated Catchment Management Model)应用于武汉长江隧道及其周边区域,采用2013年7月的3场独立场次降雨资料对模型进行率定。在此基础上利用修正的Morris筛选法定量分析ICM模型中水文参数的局部灵敏度,并采用统计学方法分析各参数敏感度值的稳定性,为模型的参数率定提供参考。结果表明,对于径流系数,产流表面不透水率是敏感参数;对于流量峰值,产流表面不透水率为高敏感参数,汇水区面积,产流表面坡度和汇流参数为敏感参数。不同场次降雨模型的参数敏感度值具有较大差异性,初损对径流系数和流量峰值的输出影响最不稳定,表现在变异度最大,高达107.7%和244.95%,而管道长度和管道曼宁系数最稳定,变异系数都为0。

中国海岸带管理政策:演进、特征与挑战

海岸带作为海陆交汇地带,存在资源开发强度大,生态环境脆弱,资源竞争性利用矛盾突出等问题。科学的海岸带管理政策是实现海岸带可持续发展的重要保障。基于1979-2021年中国出台的65份海岸带管理政策文本,运用词频分析法,探究海岸带管理政策的演进及特征。研究发现,中国海岸带管理政策演进分为3个阶段:以开发为中心的行业性政策管理期(1979-1995年)、开发保护统筹规划的综合管理政策出现期(1996-2014年)、陆海统筹的综合管理政策发展期(2015年至今)。在政策演进过程中,总体表现出综合管理理念深化的发展趋向,兼具逐步重视生态环境综合治理、愈发关注空间布局优化等特征。为实现更高层次的海岸带综合管理发展目标,中国还面临着综合法律出台、综合协调机构建设等诸多挑战,应采取合理措施以应对这些挑战。

Coastal management plan in the south of the Black Sea

Objective:To describe the environmental factors that effect to the shoreline and how they interact with tourism development.Methods:In the study,both the existing problems of the coastal area of Sinop and the probable solutions to these problems are stated.The system of the coast area of the province was examined with all details and the system was examined in 3 sections,namely anthropogenic components,natural components and tourism components.Results:Tourism which is also referred as smokeless industry provides a tremendous potential for the coastal cities.This sector is a considerable resource of income for coastal cities,so long as environmental factors are also paid attention.Otherwise,it is a mistake to expect sustainable proceeds from tourism.Coastal management is a dynamic,multi-disciplinary process.It includes a complete cycle such as collecting information,planning and decision making and the monitoring management and application,and revealing the problems for the purpose of ensuring a sustainable tourism.Conclusions:This study examines the environmental factors that have driven new approaches to shoreline management and how they interact with tourism development.Then,the integrated coastal zone management study procedure and its prospected outcomes are explained,and importance of the findings on Sinop’s integrated coastal zone management is emphasized.

国际海岸带规划管制研究与山东半岛的实践

尽管海岸带规划管制在国际上的开展已非常普遍,但在我国仍属新兴和前沿课题。结合笔者主持的多项山东半岛海岸带相关规划课题的研究成果,对国际海岸带规划管制发展的背景、管制方式和重要内容,以及沿海化压力下,山东半岛海岸带规划管制的解决之道做了解析和总结。

海岸带综合管理及其研究进展

协调海岸带区域综合承载力与经济社会可持续发展的关系,加强和实施海岸带综合管理(ICZM)和可持续发展战略是当今政府与社会各界关注的热点。海岸带综合管理需要多部门协作配合,综合运用社会、经济、环境、法律等多方面技术实现科学的海岸带管理。根据当前发展趋势,海岸带综合管理进展可归纳为:人文与自然过程变化与海岸带响应;基于不同目标的海岸带规划;海岸带综合管理的评价;新技术与方法应用;利益冲突与关系协调;生态关键区保护与管理;政策与法规制定与调整。在综述海岸带综合管理的发展历程的基础上,探讨了海岸带综合管理的展望。

海洋生态文明视角下的厦门海岸带综合管理初探

海洋是人类生存和发展的重要空间,人类的发展将越来越多地依赖海洋资源。然而由于人类无节制地开发海岸、海洋资源和无管制的经济行为,海岸和海洋的生态功能在过去的几十年里遭到了严重的威胁。因此构建海洋生态文明,以海洋生态环境的良性循环促进海洋经济发展,最终保证海洋经济与生态环境和谐发展将具有十分突出的战略意义。文章从海洋生态文明的视角回顾分析了厦门海岸带综合管理十多年的成效,并在此基础上探讨了改善厦门海岸带综合管理促进厦门海洋生态文明建设的几点设想。

以生态系统管理为工具开展海岸带综合管理

本文从海岸带和海岸带综合管理的几大特征出发 (包括海岸带的中心地带———海 陆生态交错带、海岸带综合管理需要解决的主要问题———生态环境危机、海岸带综合管理的管理对象———社会 经济 自然复合生态系统等方面 ),提出生态学应成为海岸带综合管理的主要科学依据,海岸带综合管理应遵循并且充分运用生态学的理念和方法;文章通过对生态系统管理与海岸带综合管理的比较分析,指出生态系统管理正是生态学中有助于海岸带综合管理的最佳工具,海岸带综合管理应以生态系统管理为基础,并进一步阐述了生态系统管理在海岸带综合管理规划中的具体运用.

海岸带自然资源价值评估的研究现状与趋势

海岸带生态系统服务和资源价值评估是海岸带国民经济核算体系的基础,是实现海岸带资源优化配置和海岸带综合管理的重要环节。本文从资源价值观、评估方法和应用研究等方面,评述了国内外近20年来对海岸带生态系统服务和资源价值评估研究现状,分析了目前研究存在的难点和不足以及主要研究趋向。指出海岸带生态系统服务和资源价值的发生机理研究、区域异质性研究、建立和完善价值估算的数据库体系、建立为海岸带综合管理服务的生态-经济-环境综合核算体系是今后相关研究中亟待解决的重点问题。

海岸带退化生态系统的恢复与海岸带综合管理

文中在分析海岸带特征的基础上,提出了海岸环境管理面临的问题。根据海岸带退化生态系统的特点,阐述了红树林海岸、沙质海岸和河口湿地海岸退化生态系统恢复重建的理论和实践,并提出了进行海岸带综合管理的途径和措施。

海岸带综合管理框架体系研究

随着经济的发展，海岸带以其丰富而又独特的资源优势而成为开发的热点，环境压力随之出现。由于海岸带生态系统的多样性和复杂性，原来的单因素管理已经不能适应发展的需要，必然要求一种全面的、综合的、系统的方法来进行管理，即海岸带综合管理（Ｉｎｔｅｇｒａｔｅｄ Ｃｏａｓｔａｌ Ｚｏｎｅ Ｍａｎａｇｅｍｅｎｔ，即ＩＣＺＭ）。本文通过对海岸带综合管理的概念分析，从环境经济学的角度分别对资源的功能、利用和价值进行了论述，提出了海岸带可持续发展的环境价值基础。在具体操作过程中，根据压力－状态－影响－响应（Ｐｒｅｓｓ－Ｓｔａｔｅ－Ｉｍｐｒｅｓｓ－Ｒｅｓｐｏｎｓｅ，即ＰＳＩＲ）的概念框架体系，从社会、经济、环境、文化、生态等角度对其进行海岸带综合评价（Ｉｎｔｅｇｒａｔｅｄ Ｃｏａｓｔａｌ Ｚｏｎｅ Ａｓｓｅｓｓｍｅｎｔ，即ＩＣＺＡ），从而为海岸带综合管理提供有力的决策支持。最后指出，ＩＣＺＭ和ＩＣＺＡ两者相互作用、相互协调，是海岸带可持续发展的基础。

厦门第二轮海岸带综合管理战略行动计划研究

海岸带综合管理被广泛认为是实现海岸带社会经济与生态环境可持续发展的重要途径之一.本文运用海岸带综合管理(ICM)的相关理论,结合厦门海岸带管理面临的实际问题,在对厦门第一轮ICM执行情况进行充分回顾、评估的基础上,对厦门第二轮ICM面临的主要问题、涉及的优先领域及主要目标进行了分析研究;并在此基础上形成了厦门第二轮海岸带综合管理的战略行动计划.

科学研究为厦门海岸带综合管理服务的协调机制

科学技术支持是海岸带综合管理取得成效的基础 ,引导科学研究为海岸带管理服务应注重协调好管理部门与科研单位、科研单位之间、学科之间、理论成果与应用等诸多关系 .厦门通过建立科研界与行政管理界的联系渠道、联合开展海岸带综合管理的科学研究、建立海岸带专家组等途径 ,形成了科研为海岸带综合管理服务的协调机制 ,促进了科研与管理的合作 ,为海岸带综合管理决策与行动提供科学依据 ,有效地促进了海岸带综合管理进程 .