Elevation, Slope Aspect and Integrated Nutrient Management Effects on Crop Productivity and Soil Quality in North-west Himalayas, India

On farm bio-resource recycling has been given greater emphasis with the introduction of conservation agriculture specifically withclimate change scenarios in the mid-hills of the north-west Himalaya region（NWHR）. Under this changing scenario, elevation, slope aspect and integrated nutrient management（INM） may affect significantly soil quality and crop productivity. A study was conducted during 2009-2010 to 2010-2011 at the Ashti watershed of NWHR in a rainfed condition to examine the influence of elevation, slope aspect and integrated nutrient management（INM） on soil resource and crop productivity. Two years of farm demonstration trials indicated that crop productivity and soil quality is significantly affected by elevation, slope aspect and INM. Results showed that wheat equivalent yield（WEY） of improved technology increased crop productivity by -20%-37% compared to the conventional system. Intercropping of maize with cowpea and soybean enhanced yield by another 8%-17%. North aspect and higher elevation increased crop productivity by 15%-25% compared to south aspect and low elevation（except paddy）. Intercropping of maize with cowpea and soybean enhanced yield by another 8%-15%. Irrespective of slope, elevation and cropping system, the WEY increased by -30% in this region due to INMtechnology. The influence of elevation, slope aspect and INM significantly affected soil resources（SQI） and soil carbon change（SCC）. SCC is significantly correlated with SQI for conventional（R2 = 0.65＊）, INM technology（R2 = 0.81＊） and for both technologies（R2 = 0.73＊）. It is recommended that at higher elevation.（except for paddy soils） with a north facing slope, INM is recommended for higher crop productivity; conservation of soil resources is recommended for the mid hills of NWHR; and single values of SCC are appropriate as a SQI for this region.

INTEGRATION OF HUMAN FACTORS ENGINEERING AND QUALITY MANAGEMENT

Human factors engineering and quality management are different research branches in the field of industrial engineering.A basis for interaction based on the concepts and techniques of human factors engineering and quality management with some practical examples of cooperative effect is defined in this paper.The specific challenges about the quality management in manufacturing and service are presented to demonstrate that the human factors analysis of quality problems leads to new tends for integrated development.

Optimizing integrative cultivation management improves grain quality while increasing yield and nitrogen use efficiency in rice

A major challenge in rice(Oryza sativa L.)production is to cope with increasing grain yield and fertilizer use efficiency without compromising grain quality.This study was designed to determine if optimizing integrative cultivation management in rice could improve grain quality while increase yield and nitrogen use efficiency(NUE).An indica-japonica hybrid rice cultivar and a japonica rice cultivar were grown in the field,with five cultivation managements including no N application(0 N),local farmer's practice(LFP),and three optimizi ng in teg rati ve cultivati on managements,reducing N rate and increasi ng plant density(ND),ND+alternate wetting and moderate soil drying irrigation(NDW),and NDW+applying rapeseed cake fertilizer(NDWR).The results showed that the optimizi ng integrative cultivati on man ageme nts could not only in crease grain yield,but also enhance NUE compared to LFP.Compared to LFP,NDWR sign ifica ntly in creased brow n,milled,head milled rice rate,ratio of the kern el le ngth to breadth and breakdown value of starch,whereas decreased amylose content,gel consiste ncy,prolamin con tent,setback value,perce ntage of chalky kern els,and chalki ness.The three optimizing in tegrative cultivation managements increased con tents of total protei ns,albumin and glutelin,activities of the key enzymes involved in the sucrose-starch con version in grains,root oxidati on activity,and malic and succinic acid concentrations in root exudates during the grain-filling period.The results suggested that optimizing integrative cultivation managements could improve grain quality meanwhile increase grain yield and NUE by enhancing physiological activities of rice plants.

A METHODOLOGY FOR INTEGRATED MANAGEMENT SYSTEM

ISO 9000 certification has been considered as an effective competitive edge for manufacturing industries. In Hong Kong, the ISO 9000 certification has been widely adopted and extended to service industries for the sole purpose of enhancing corporate image. However, complaints have been voiced by many certified organizations about increasing paperwork, non direct labour and excessive resources channelled into non core business. This paper is to propound the integrated management system, a single management system focusing on business purpose yet being flexible enough to integrate the requirements of various management standards such as the ISO 9000, ISO 14000 and future ISO 18000. This paper describes how the proposed system could be implemented to achieve the desired business results.

A Methodology to Develop the Integration of the Environmental Management System with Other Standardized Management Systems

Traditionally the global management system of an organization is frequently split into a number of individual management systems that are defined and implemented according to specific management systems standards (MSSs) as well as managed independently. The individual implementation of MSSs is an option that leads to several inefficiencies and sub-optimization of the global management system of an organization. As referred by ISO [1] the interested parties’ requirements increase. A more effective and efficient option for an organization is to integrate, into an integrated management system (IMS), the implementation and management of requirements of multiple MSSs. Certain difficulties are associated to the structuring process, implementation, verification, evaluation, improvement and progressive development of an IMS in the organizations. Several scholars have proposed various theoretical approaches regarding the integration of individual management systems (MSs) leading to the conclusion that there is not a common practice for all organizations as they encompass different characteristics. This paper aims to present and justify a designed methodology to be used by organizations to support the integration of various MSs. Among them are highlighted: the Environmental Management System (EMS) according ISO 14001 [2], the Quality Management System (QMS) according ISO 9001 [3], and the Occupational Health and Safety Management System (OH & SMS) according OHSAS 18001 [4]. The methodology was designed in the context of a Portuguese company, on sequence of an organizational diagnosis and a research that was performed through a questionnaire. The strategy and the research methods took into consideration the case study.

Integration of Individualized Management Systems （MSs） as an Aggregating Factor of Sustainable Value for Organizations An Overview Through a Review of the Literature

Nowadays, there exist various standards for individual management systems （MSs）, at least, one for each stakeholder. New ones will be published. An integrated management system （IMS） aims to integrate some or all components of the business into one coherent and efficient MS. Maximizing integration is more and more a strategic priority in that it constitutes an opportunity to eliminate and/or reduce potential factors of destruction of value for the organizations and also to be more competitive and consequently promote its sustainable success. A preliminary investigation was conducted on a Portuguese industrial company which, over the years, has been adopting gradually, in whole or in part, individualized management system standards （MSSs）. A research, through a questionnaire, was performed with the objective to develop, in a real business environment, an adequate and efficient IMS-QES （quality, environment, and safety） model and to potentiate for the future a generic IMS model to integrate other MSSs. The strategy and research methods have taken into consideration the case study. It was obtained a set of relevant conclusions resulting from the statistical analyses of the responses to the survey. Globally, the investigation results, by themselves, justified and prioritized the conception of a model of development of the IMS-QES and consequent definition and validation of a structure of an IMS-QES model, to be implemented at the small- and medium-sized enterprise （SME） where the investigation was conducted.

IMPROVEMENT OF PRODUCT QUALITY AND PRODUCTION PROCESS PERFORMANCE IN JEWELLERY MANUFACTURING THROUGH “INTEGRATED CRAFTSMANSHIP”

This paper attempts to identify the loss of quality of craftsmanship intensive products. It shows that errors in production process and degradation in the jewellery pro duct quality in the (complex) transition from hand crafted silver model making to mass production are largely due to the ignorance of the importance of design——craftsmanship in production process. In fact, the design can be employed to solve the problems of the quality degradation or even as a tool to prevent error in the stages of product design, development and production. In testing this hypo thesis, production processes (from designing, model making, casting, polishing, buffing to texturing) are all examined in order to identify the root causes of product quality degradation in mass production. After the analysis, the concept of “integrated craftsmanship” is proposed to assist integration of traditional goldsmith′s and je wellery designers′ techniques in jewellery designing and making, and to change the attitudes to quality control in mass production systems. Finally, the model of “integra ted design craftsmanship” as a comprehensive design conceptual and quality organizational tool is formulated for managing and improving product quality.

集成质量管理系统IQMS2.0的设计与开发

回顾了国内外对集成质量管理系统的研究成果,分析了目前仍然存在的问题。在介绍集成质量管理系统的相关定义的基础上,简述了参与开发的集成质量管理系统IQMS2.0的优点,重点阐述了该系统数据库独特的设计思路、设计结构和实现方法,详细描述了该系统基于底层数据库所实现的功能模块。

CONTINUOUS IMPROVEMENT THROUGH INTEGRATION OF QUALITY TOOLS

The relationship between major quality tools such as quality function development （QFD）, failure mode and effects analysis （FMEA）, design of experiments （DOE） and statistical process control （SPC） is analyzed through an extensive review of the literature and the concurrent quality engineering philosophy, and a basic structure for the integration of quality tools is presented. An integrated quality management system （IQMS） is developed using C＋＋ Builder, running in the Windows 2000 Server environment with the basic internet connections, and SQL Server 2000 as the platform for developing the database, An illustrative example applying IQMS to the continuous quality improvement for a crane equipment manufacturing is reported. The result shows that the application of IQMS can optimize the process of design and manufacturing, shorten the cycle time of product, reduce the cost, and realize quality improvement continuously, The proposed integrated framework with IOMS is believed to be applicable to continuous quality improvement in many manufacturing companies.

Intelligent Biometric Information Management

We advance here a novel methodology for robust intelligent biometric information management with inferences and predictions made using randomness and complexity concepts. Intelligence refers to learning, adap- tation, and functionality, and robustness refers to the ability to handle incomplete and/or corrupt adversarial information, on one side, and image and or device variability, on the other side. The proposed methodology is model-free and non-parametric. It draws support from discriminative methods using likelihood ratios to link at the conceptual level biometrics and forensics. It further links, at the modeling and implementation level, the Bayesian framework, statistical learning theory (SLT) using transduction and semi-supervised lea- rning, and Information Theory (IY) using mutual information. The key concepts supporting the proposed methodology are a) local estimation to facilitate learning and prediction using both labeled and unlabeled data;b) similarity metrics using regularity of patterns, randomness deficiency, and Kolmogorov complexity (similar to MDL) using strangeness/typicality and ranking p-values;and c) the Cover – Hart theorem on the asymptotical performance of k-nearest neighbors approaching the optimal Bayes error. Several topics on biometric inference and prediction related to 1) multi-level and multi-layer data fusion including quality and multi-modal biometrics;2) score normalization and revision theory;3) face selection and tracking;and 4) identity management, are described here using an integrated approach that includes transduction and boosting for ranking and sequential fusion/aggregation, respectively, on one side, and active learning and change/ outlier/intrusion detection realized using information gain and martingale, respectively, on the other side. The methodology proposed can be mapped to additional types of information beyond biometrics.

公立医院一体化运营管控体系建设路径思考

公立医院运营管理信息化是智慧管理建设的重要内容。本研究通过将公立医院各部门的资源要素和各业务流程环节进行整合和优化,将资源要素与业务流程相耦合,在数字孪生医院的场景化业务基础上增加管控规则,达到构建一体化运营管控体系的目的。该体系可以提升公立医院运营管理的科学化、规范化和精细化水平,有助于降低医院的运营成本,提升运营效益,从而推动公立医院的高质量发展。

优质高效出口茶基地建设技术集成模式研究与应用

中国是世界茶叶生产和出口大国,但近年来出口茶产业发展速度缓慢。随着世界各国对茶叶质量标准要求不断提高,如何促进出口茶基地提质增效已成为我国迫切需要解决的问题。文章深入分析产业现状,以“科学选择园址,奠定先天基础;合理茶园管护,实现高产稳产;全面绿色防控,增强安全水平;推进机技配套,促进节本增效”为总体思路,探索出一条科技创新促进茶叶高水平走出去的新路径。目前已在婺源县应用推广,成效显著。

山水林田湖草沙系统治理与水土保持高质量发展

[目的]中国水土流失治理已由“全面治理,重点治理”迈向“系统治理,攻坚克难”的新阶段。分析山水林田湖草沙系统治理的内涵、准则及其与水土保持的关系,旨在丰富新时代水土保持理论体系,引领水土保持高质量发展。[方法]在长期理论探索和实践验证的基础上,梳理山水林田湖草沙系统治理理念的发展过程,阐明其内涵、目标与实践准则。[结果]水土流失长期治理实践总结提升形成的以小流域为单元的综合治理技术路线是山水林田湖草沙生命共同体系统思想最朴素的实践体现。小流域综合治理的系统性主要体现为治理对象的系统协调,总体布局的系统统筹,治理措施的系统考量,治理成效的多效益兼顾,实施和管理的多部门协同和多主体参与的共治共享6个方面。水土保持高质量发展实践需要遵循的基于系统治理理念的具体举措包括:利用系统思维理解水土保持高质量发展的内涵和要求,精准诊断山水林田湖草沙系统短板及其控制性要素,构建山水林田湖草沙多层次全方位立体化防控体系,构筑完备的水土保持管理与技术保障体系。[结论]在新的历史时期,应该完整准确理解并全面贯彻落实山水林田湖草沙系统治理的理念,探索整体提升水土保持学术研究水平和治理效能的新路径、新模式、新机制。同时应结合区域或流域实际,对农田、水利、牧业、林业及生产建设活动进行全面综合系统的规划和治理,推动水土保持高质量发展。

公立医院多院区人力资源一体化管理的实践与思考

公立医院的多院区建设发展,大大增加了人力资源管理的难度。对此,各地积极探索多院区人力资源一体化管理,积累了不少经验:以需求预测为基础,进行人力资源一体化规划与储备;以组织架构为依托,进行人力资源一体化管理与调配;以“内培外引”为抓手,进行人力资源一体化开发与培养。在此基础上,后续还需做好需求预测、加强数字化建设、平衡“共性”与“个性”的关系等,进一步提升人力资源管理的精细化水平。

以运动障碍专科医生为主导、社区医生为中心的帕金森病管理模式效果研究

背景帕金森病(PD)的发病率逐年增高,增加了医保的疾病负担,目前的慢性病管理模式在PD患者的社区管理中没有发挥作用。目的探讨以运动障碍专科医生为主导、社区医生为中心的PD管理模式的效果,以期提高社区医生的PD综合管理能力,提高PD患者的生活质量。方法选取2022年1月—2023年5月在内蒙古科技大学包头医学院第二附属医院神经内科接受诊治的102例PD患者为研究对象,采用随机数字表法分为对照组和主动干预组各51例。对照组患者接受常规社区管理,主动管理组患者接受以PD为亚专业的社区医生的主动管理,管理内容包括用药调整、运动康复、饮食营养、认知功能障碍和精神功能障碍管理等。分别于患者回归社区的1周内(管理前)和6个月时(管理后)对患者开展评价,评价内容包括单日左旋多巴等效剂量、统一帕金森病评定量表第三部分(UPDRS-Ⅲ)、统一帕金森病评定量表第四部分(UPDRS-Ⅳ)、Hoehn-Yahr(H-Y)分期、39项帕金森病生活质量调查问卷(PDQ-39)。结果管理6个月时,主动管理组患者的左旋多巴等效剂量高于管理前,UPDRS-Ⅲ评分、UPDRS-Ⅳ的其他并发症维度得分、PDQ-39得分低于管理前(P<0.05)。Spearman秩相关分析结果显示,主动管理组患者管理前后的PDQ-39得分差值与其精神健康、屈辱感、认知、社会支持、交流、身体不适维度得分差值呈正相关(rs值为0.651~0.893,P<0.05),与UPDRD-Ⅳ得分差值呈正相关(rs=0.338,P<0.05),而与UPDRS-Ⅲ得分差值不相关(P>0.05)。单因素Logistic回归分析结果显示,与对照组相比,主动管理组患者PDQ-39降低的可能性是对照组患者的11.769倍(95%CI=4.340~31.918,P<0.001)。结论以运动障碍专科医生为主导、社区医生为中心的PD管理模式可以提高患者的生活质量,这为PD社区管理提供了参考。

论产品品牌建设的信用制度根基

在产品品牌面临的多种风险因素中,人为失信违规因素是首要的风险因素,而控制这类风险恰恰是质量管理制度的弱项。即使企业建立了质量管理制度,并获得了ISO9001质量认证,仍无法避免因产品质量问题造成产品品牌受损。为弥补质量管理制度的不足,企业可在产品品牌建设和运维中发挥信用管理制度和诚信自律制度的作用,从根本上改进质量管理制度的诚信制度环境,并积极应对政府监管的质量信用制度措施和利用相关国家政策增强产品品牌传播力。基于此,给出了四项制度融合应用的逻辑和基本方法。

区域行政整合、市场扩张与企业高质量发展

打破地方保护和降低市场分割是加快统一大市场建设、推动高质量发展的内在要求。基于中国1998—2013年撤县设区改革,采用多时点双重差分法考察区域行政整合是否有利于企业发展质量提升及其作用机制。研究结果表明,区域行政整合对企业全要素生产率具有正向促进作用,有效提升了企业发展质量;机制检验表明,区域行政整合通过扩大企业市场规模和改善企业管理效率进而促进了企业发展质量提升;并且这种促进作用主要通过民营企业、非出口企业和小规模企业来实现;相较于县,县级市的整合效果更为明显;进一步研究证明,区域行政整合也有助于区域整体发展质量的改善。

长三角一体化高质量发展与自然资源要素保障——适应区域一体化趋势的自然资源管理改革思考

提升自然资源要素保障能力是推动长三角一体化高质量发展的关键一环。文章探讨了长三角一体化高质量发展与自然资源要素保障的理论关系,提出了加强自然资源要素的跨行政区统筹协调的必要性,阐述了长三角一体化高质量发展中自然资源保障能力建设的十个重点领域,包括国土空间规划、国土空间开发、自然资源利用和生态环境保护等,并结合我国现行自然资源管理特征,有针对性地提出了改革创新自然资源管理方式、优化提升自然资源要素保障能力的行动思路和体制机制建设的建议。

信息资源管理一级学科新发展理念下图情档资源的融合建设

在信息资源管理一级学科的推动指引下,在发展新质生产力的时代发展背景下,图书情报与档案资源融合建设有必要性且面临着一系列挑战和问题。这些问题主要集中在数据标准化不足、数据质量参差不齐、数据共享机制不完善以及专业人才短缺等方面。文章通过对这些问题进行深入分析,提出了相应的对策,以期能有效解决当前图书情报与档案资源融合建设中的问题,为信息服务的智能化和创新化提供有力支持,推动新质生产力的发展。