VIS Atlas:A Database of Virus Integration Sites in Human Genome from NGS Data to Explore Integration Patterns

Integration of oncogenic DNA viruses into the human genome is a key step in most virusinduced carcinogenesis.Here,we constructed a virus integration site(VIS)Atlas database,an extensive collection of integration breakpoints for three most prevalent oncoviruses,human papillomavirus,hepatitis B virus,and Epstein-Barr virus based on the next-generation sequencing(NGS)data,literature,and experimental data.There are 63,179 breakpoints and 47,411 junctional sequences with full annotations deposited in the VIS Atlas database,comprising 47 virus genotypes and 17 disease types.The VIS Atlas database provides(1)a genome browser for NGS breakpoint quality check,visualization of VISs,and the local genomic context;(2)a novel platform to discover integration patterns;and(3)a statistics interface for a comprehensive investigation of genotypespecific integration features.Data collected in the VIS Atlas aid to provide insights into virus pathogenic mechanisms and the development of novel antitumor drugs.

Flexible substrates enabled highly integrated patterns with submicron precision toward intrinsically stretchable circuits

Fabricating high integration density,high resolution,and intrinsically stretchable patterns by patterned technologies remain challenging.Template printing enabled high-precision patterned fabrication at a facile operation.However,the pattern spacing constraint is the major limitation to high integration density.In this study,we develop an elastomer-assisted strategy to improve the template printing process,which involves patterning on the prestrain elastic substrate.This strategy overcomes the spacing limitation and enables the realization of a centimeter-scale pattern with submicron precision.Particularly,the integration density of fabricated intrinsically stretchable patterns can reach 1932 lines on a substrate of 0.5 cm2;the assembly lines with a feature size of 880 nm and an interval of 955 nm.Furthermore,we demonstrate a facile approach for constructing silver nanoparticle/liquid metal alloy composite conductive patterns.The as-prepared flexible electrodes can withstand up to 150%strain and a 2-mm bend radius.This method provides new insights into template printing technology.Additionally,it opens a route for the simultaneous construction of functional patterned arrays with large scale,high integration density,and intrinsic stretchability,which will be useful for the integrated fabrication of various flexible electronic devices.

Digital Geosciences and Quantitative Mineral Exploration

The idea of mineral exploration,which is called"exploration philosophy"in the Western countries,is the thoughts,the methodology,technology,goals and organization that guide mineral exploration.The three basic elements of mineral exploration are"what to find","where to find"and"how to find".The concept of mineral exploration is gradually changing with the development of these three elements that provide a powerful driving force to change mineral exploration concepts,methods and technology.Innovation of mineral exploration concepts is the result of continuing exploration and development keeping pace with the times.The combination of"mathematical geology"and"information technology"can be called"digital geology".Digital geology is the data analysis component of geological science.Geological data science is a science that uses the general methodology of data to study geology based on the characteristics of geological data and the needs of geological field work.Digital mineral exploration is the application of digital geology in mineral exploration to reduce ore-finding uncertainty.