An Integration of Meaning-Focused and Form-Focused Approach in EFL Reading and Writing——a Conceptual Inquiry and Experiment

Whether to adopt the meaning-oriented or form-oriented approach in EFL teaching has been in hot academic debate in the past decades. This paper investigates the literature contribution on these two methods, attempts an integration of the two,and introduces a teaching experiment of EFL reading and writing at China Agricultural University.

INTEGRABLE SYSTEM AND SPACELIKE SURFACES WITH PRESCRIBED MEAN CURVATURE IN MINKOWSKI 3-SPACE

Authors discover that a spacelike surface in Minkowski 3-space is related to a integrable system. They obtain a representation formula for spacelike surfaces with prescribed mean curvature. This representation formula is equivalent to that obtained ly Akutagawa and Nishikawa.

Wavelet Density Estimation of Censoring Data and Evaluate of Mean Integral Square Error with Convergence Ratio and Empirical Distribution of Given Estimator

Wavelet has rapid development in the current mathematics new areas. It also has a double meaning of theory and application. In signal and image compression, signal analysis, engineering technology has a wide range of applications. In this paper, we use wavelet method, for estimating the density function for censoring data. We evaluate the mean integrated squared error, convergence ratio of given estimator. Also, we obtain empirical distribution of given estimator and verify the conclusion by two simulation examples.

Integral Mean Estimates for Polynomials Whose Zeros are within a Circle

Let be a polynomial of degree n having all its zeros in , then for each , , with , Aziz and Ahemad (1996) proved that In this paper, we extend the above inequality to the class of polynomials , having all its zeros in , and obtain a generalization as well as refinement of the above result.

Integral Means of Univalent Solution for Fractional Differential Equation

By employing the Srivastava-Owa fractional operators, we consider a class of fractional differential equation in the unit disk. The existence of the univalent solution is founded by using the Schauder fixed point theorem while the uniqueness is obtained by using the Banach fixed point theorem. Moreover, the integral mean of these solutions is studied by applying the concept of the subordination.

EXISTENCE OF AREA MINIMIZING TANGENT CONES OF INTEGRAL CURRENTS WITH PRESCRIBED MEAN CURVATURE

Given an integral M-currrent To in Rm+k and a tensor H of type(m.l)on Rn+k with values orthogonal to each of its arguments we proved in a previous peper[3]the sxistence of anintegral m-current T =γ(M,θ.ζ)with boundary T0 and mean curvature vector H by minimizing an appropriate functional on suitable subclasses of the set of all integral currents.In thes paperwe discuss the existence and structure of oriented tangent cones C of T at points x∈spt(T) spt(T),especially we show that C is locally mass minimizing.

Sharp power-type Heronian and Lehmer means inequalities for the complete elliptic integrals

In the article,we prove that the inequalities H_(p)(K(r);E(r))>π/2;L_(q)(K(r);E(r))>π/2 hold for all r 2(0;1)if and only if p≥3=4 and q≥3=4,where Hp(a;b)and Lq(a;b)are respectively the p-th power-type Heronian mean and q-th Lehmer mean of a and b,and K(r)and E(r)are respectively the complete elliptic integrals of the first and second kinds.

Failure Mode and Effects Analysis Based on Z-Numbers and the Graded Mean Integration Representation

Failuremode and effects analysis(FMEA)is a widely used safety assessmentmethod inmany fields.Z-number was previously applied in FMEA since it can take both possibility and reliability of information into consideration.However,the use of fuzzy weighted mean to integrate Z-valuations may have some drawbacks and is not suitable for some situations.In this paper,an improved method is proposed based on Z-numbers and the graded mean integration representation(GMIR)to deal with the uncertain information in FMEA.First,Z-numbers are constructed based on the evaluations of risk factors O,S,D for each failure mode by different experts.Second,weights of the three risk factors and experts are determined.Third,the integration representations of Z-numbers are obtained by a newmethod based on the GMIRmethod.Finally,risk priorities of the failure modes are derived considering the weights of experts and risk factors.Two examples and a case study are given to show the use of the proposed method and comparison with other methods.The results show that the proposed method is more reasonable,universal and simple in calculation.

Integrated classification method of tight sandstone reservoir based on principal component analysise simulated annealing genetic algorithmefuzzy cluster means

In this research,an integrated classification method based on principal component analysis-simulated annealing genetic algorithm-fuzzy cluster means(PCA-SAGA-FCM)was proposed for the unsupervised classification of tight sandstone reservoirs which lack the prior information and core experiments.A variety of evaluation parameters were selected,including lithology characteristic parameters,poro-permeability quality characteristic parameters,engineering quality characteristic parameters,and pore structure characteristic parameters.The PCA was used to reduce the dimension of the evaluation pa-rameters,and the low-dimensional data was used as input.The unsupervised reservoir classification of tight sandstone reservoir was carried out by the SAGA-FCM,the characteristics of reservoir at different categories were analyzed and compared with the lithological profiles.The analysis results of numerical simulation and actual logging data show that:1)compared with FCM algorithm,SAGA-FCM has stronger stability and higher accuracy;2)the proposed method can cluster the reservoir flexibly and effectively according to the degree of membership;3)the results of reservoir integrated classification match well with the lithologic profle,which demonstrates the reliability of the classification method.

APPROXIMATION OF SPHERICAL MEANS OF MULTIPLE FOURIER INTEGRALS AND FOURIER SERIES ON SET OF FULL MEASURE

In this paper we consider the approximation for functions in some subspaces of L^2 by spherical means of their Fourier integrals and Fourier series on set of full measure. Two main theorems are obtained.

ON THE LOCALIZATION AND CONVERGENCE OF MULTIPLE FOURIER INTEGRAL BY BOCHNER-RIESZ MEANS

In this paper we consider lim _(R-) B_R^(f,x_0), in one case that f_x_0 (t) is a ABMV function on [0, ∞], and in another case that f∈L_(m-1)~1(R~) and x^k/~kf∈BV(R) when |k| = m-1 and f(x) = 0 when |x -x_0|<δ for some δ>0. Our theormes improve the results of Pan Wenjie ([1]).

Numerical Solution of Mean-Square Approximation Problem of Real Nonnegative Function by the Modulus of Double Fourier Integral

A nonlinear problem of mean-square approximation of a real nonnegative continuous function with respect to two variables by the modulus of double Fourier integral dependent on two real parameters with use of the smoothing functional is studied. Finding the optimal solutions of this problem is reduced to solution of the Hammerstein type two-dimensional nonlinear integral equation. The numerical algorithms to find the branching lines and branching-off solutions of this equation are constructed and justified. Numerical examples are presented.

A Study on Internet Buzzwords in the Last Four Years Based on Conceptual Integration Theory

Internet buzzwords,as distinct forms of language,consist of short sentences yet carry rich meanings and spread rapidly.To better study this intriguing and unique linguistic phenomenon,this paper employed conceptual integration theory for its powerful explanatory capabilities to analyze the origins,composition,and emergence of meanings of internet buzzwords over the past four years.These 40 internet buzzwords can be categorized into five types:semantic derivation,generalization,abbreviation,metonymy,and compounding.Furthermore,this paper conducted cognitive analysis from different conceptual integration network perspectives,elucidating specific cognitive operations involved in the construction of meanings and revealing the emergence process of layered meanings in recent internet buzzwords over the past four years.

基于K-means的水下控制系统集成测试风险分析

采用危险源辨识分析(HAZID)工具对南海某水下控制系统集成测试进行风险识别,研究水下电力和通信设备的联合测试等过程存在的风险,针对HAZID技术识别的测试风险,定义风险的3个指标,包括风险发生可能性、风险后果严重程度和风险预防控制能力,将风险进行K-means聚类分析,采用SPSS软件将风险分为重大风险、高风险、中风险、低风险等4个聚类等级,识别4类共21个测试风险。在实际运用中,该方法可为水下控制系统集成测试风险制定有针对性的措施,可高效、科学和系统地指导水下控制系统集成测试工作开展。

光储充检放智能电站K-means聚类能效计量检测方法

光伏出力具有较强的不确定性和随机性,降低了光储充检放一体化能效计量检测性能。为此,在随机采样模式下,提出光储充检放智能电站能效计量检测方法。首先分析光储充检放智能电站的拓扑结构;其次采用K-means聚类算法聚类处理光伏出力数据,通过Beta分布根据电站拓扑结构生成光伏出力场景,为能效计量检测提供相关数据;最后构建电站能效检测模型,完成光储充检放智能电站能效的计量检测。实验结果表明,所提方法可精准检测光储充检放智能电站的供电功率和充放电功率,能效检测相对偏差小。

基于K-means聚类算法的草莓灌溉策略研究

为进一步提高日光温室封闭式栽培下草莓灌溉水肥利用率,研究了基质含水率和温度影响下的草莓灌溉策略优化方法。采用土壤水分传感器对草莓果期基质含水率进行实时监测,通过对基质含水率随时间变化的规律分析,并结合日平均温度进行K-means聚类分析,提出一种草莓优化灌溉策略。试验结果表明,灌溉第1阶段基质含水率快速上升,在灌溉结束时达到峰值,每次灌溉基质含水率平均提高21.5个百分点;第2阶段快速下降,在20 min内基质含水率平均下降3.5个百分点;第3阶段变化趋于平稳,在30 min内基质含水率平均下降1.2个百分点。在每个灌溉周期内,含水率呈线性下降趋势,在整个果期内,其斜率随日平均温度的升高逐渐增加,由0.0114增加至0.0365。研究结果表明,根据基质含水率变化和日平均温度区间进行定量灌溉,理论上果期每株草莓仅需要4.51 L水,可节水15.4%,该方法能有效提高水肥利用率,实现节水节肥。

基于多特征信息和直方图相交的改进Meanshift算法

针对Mean-Shift算法仅利用颜色信息并以Bhattacharya系数为相似性度量导致算法准确率较低的问题,提出一种结合颜色和纹理信息并以直方图交集为相似性度量的跟踪算法。首先用局部二元模式算子提取纹理信息,再以对数比加权直方图取代传统直方图构建目标和候选目标模型,然后根据场景自适应地综合两类特征并通过Mean-Shift算法获得目标的初略位置,最后以直方图交集作为相似性度量并用Powell方法求其极值作为目标在当前帧中位置的估计。实验表明,该算法不仅能增强跟踪的准确性,而且对光照弱、目标与背景颜色近似等情况也有较好的鲁棒性。

一种改进BP神经网络的K-means算法

针对聚类算法K-means在聚类的过程中,出现数据的属性缺失造成聚类的精确度下降等问题,提出了一种改进BP神经网络的BPK-means算法。该算法首先根据BP神经网络对缺失的属性值进行预测,补全缺失的数据,极大的提高了数据的完整性和可靠性;然后对异常的数据进行去噪处理;最后通过K-means算法对修复后的数据进行聚类。通过理论验证和实验结果都表明所提出的方法比原始的算法精确度有很大提高。

基于K-means聚类技术改进的多线性蒙特卡洛概率能流算法

可再生能源的间歇性出力以及负荷的波动给综合能源系统(integrated energy systems,IES)引入了大量不确定性因素。提出了一种基于K-means聚类技术改进的多线性蒙特卡洛概率能流计算方法。首先,引入输入随机变量整体灵敏度系数概念,并以权重系数的形式修正输入随机变量样本,改进K-means聚类效果,确保各聚类簇均具有较小的波动范围。然后,采用多线性化求解思路进行概率能流计算,即对聚类中心进行确定性能流计算,而各聚类簇中输入随机变量样本利用同一簇聚类中心处得到的状态变量和雅可比矩阵进行线性化能流求解,从而减少了迭代过程,提高计算效率。以IEEE57节点电力系统和14节点天然气网络构成的IES为算例,验证了所提方法比传统蒙特卡洛法具有更高的计算效率,相比现有多线性蒙特卡洛算法具有更高的准确性和计算效率。

基于Mean Shift模型的多粗差探测RAIM算法

针对当前接收机自主完备性监测(receiver autonomous integrity monitoring,RAIM)算法中存在多粗差探测识别能力较弱、计算效率不足等问题,提出一种基于Mean Shift(MS)模型的多粗差探测RAIM算法。首先利用QR奇偶检校法构建样本数据集和QR检验向量;其次基于MS模型估计样本密度中心,并以此作为MS检校向量,使用观测向量与MS检校向量的距离来评价观测值可靠程度,从而确定异常观测卫星;最后联合观测向量、MS和QR检校向量构建基于距离关系的权系数函数,对多个异常观测进行处理。实验结果表明,基于MS检校向量的粗差判别方法在多粗差存在的情况下,具有更灵敏的粗差识别能力;相比最小二乘残差法,新型RAIM算法改善了多粗差探测识别能力和计算效率,可有效提高多系统融合单点定位的可靠性。