Current status and construction scheme of smart geothermal field technology

To address the key problems in the application of intelligent technology in geothermal development,smart application scenarios for geothermal development are constructed.The research status and existing challenges of intelligent technology in each scenario are analyzed,and the construction scheme of smart geothermal field system is proposed.The smart geothermal field is an organic integration of geothermal development engineering and advanced technologies such as the artificial intelligence.At present,the technology of smart geothermal field is still in the exploratory stage.It has been tested for application in scenarios such as intelligent characterization of geothermal reservoirs,dynamic intelligent simulation of geothermal reservoirs,intelligent optimization of development schemes and smart management of geothermal development.However,it still faces many problems,including the high computational cost,difficult real-time response,multiple solutions and strong model dependence,difficult real-time optimization of dynamic multi-constraints,and deep integration of multi-source data.The construction scheme of smart geothermal field system is proposed,which consists of modules including the full database,intelligent characterization,intelligent simulation and intelligent optimization control.The connection between modules is established through the data transmission and the model interaction.In the next stage,it is necessary to focus on the basic theories and key technologies in each module of the smart geothermal field system,to accelerate the lifecycle intelligent transformation of the geothermal development and utilization,and to promote the intelligent,stable,long-term,optimal and safe production of geothermal resources.

Serious games in science education:a systematic literature review

Teaching science through computer games,simulations,and artificial intelligence(AI)is an increasingly active research field.To this end,we conducted a systematic literature review on serious games for science education to reveal research trends and patterns.We discussed the role of virtual reality(VR),AI,and augmented reality(AR)games in teaching science subjects like physics.Specifically,we covered the research spanning between 2011 and 2021,investigated country-wise concentration and most common evaluation methods,and discussed the positive and negative aspects of serious games in science education in particular and attitudes towards the use of serious games in education in general.

Agents with four categories of understanding abilities and their role in two-stage(deep)emotional intelligence simulation

Understanding is the essence of any intelligent system.We revise our four machine understanding paradigms which are:(i)basic understanding,(ii)rich understanding,(iii)exploratory understanding,and(iv)theory-based understanding;and we elaborate on the first two of them.We then introduce the concept of two-stage(or deep)machine understanding which provides descriptive understandings,as well as evaluations of these understandings.After a brief systematization of emotions,we cover the following paradigms for agents with two-stage(deep)understanding abilities for emotional intelligence simulation:(i)basic understanding,(ii)rich-understanding,and(iii)switchable understanding.

An analysis on possibility of intelligent speed adaptation in terms of drivers' consciousness

Intelligent speed adaptation （ISA） is considered as an effective measure to reduce number of traffic accidents in the field of intelligent transportation systems （ITS）. On the other hand, its effects for traffic safety are still doubted by many people. To make the possibility analysis, an experiment is conducted by using driving simulator. Regarding ISA ap- proaches, there are three modes： mandatory, voluntary and advisory. Among them, the advisory type seems to be the easiest one to introduce. Therefore, we focus on the advisory mode in this study by considering ISA just at the beginning stage in Japan. The experiment consists of four steps： without ISA, ISA using pictures, ISA using voices and again without ISA. The outputs obtained from the driving simulator are analyzed combined with the consciousness of the participants. The experiment shows that the ISA can improve recognition of speed limitation especially for people who have random rambling or looking aside tendency. Furthermore, the ISA especially when using voices can contribute in changing the consciousness of people who are aggressive in driving. Their driving speeds can reduce so that positive effects on traffic safety can be concluded.

Reliable execution of a robust soft computing workplace found on multiple neuro-fuzzy inference systems coupled with multiple nonlinear equations for exhaustive perception of tractor-implement performance in plowing process

Tendency towards computer simulations linked to agricultural machinery has enormously increased in recent years.In this regard,the principal contribution of current research was to develop soft computing simulation workplaces for performance prognostication of tractor-implement system in plowing process.Two neurofuzzy strategies based on multiple adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference systems(MANFIS)scenario and the MANFIS coupled with multiple nonlinear equations(MNE)scenariowere executed in theworkplace.Additionally,neural strategy based on artificial neural network(ANN)scenario was also fulfilled in the workplace.Operational variables of plowing depth(10–30 cm),forward speed(2–6km/h),and tillage implement type(moldboard,disk,and chisel plow)were considered as theworkplace inputs and ten performance parameters were taken as the workplace outputs.According to the obtained prognostication accuracy,simulation time,and user-friendly configuration of three scenarios(ANN,MANFIS,andMANFIS+MNE),the MANFIS+MNE was recognized as the prominent simulation scenario.According to the MANFIS+MNE workplace results,for each tillage implement,the compound effect of plowing depth and forward speed on some performance parameters(required draft force of implement,tractor rear wheel slip,fuel consumption per working hour,specific volumetric fuel consumption,tractor drawbar power,energy requirement for tillage implement,overall energy efficiency,and tractor tractive efficiency)was nonlinearly synergetic.However,it was nonlinearly antagonism in case of specific draft force and fuel consumption per tilled area.The MANFIS+MNE workplace simulation results provide opportunity for technical farmer associations involved in the decision-making of agricultural machinerymanagement in order to gain exhaustive fundamental insights into the compound effect of plowing depth and forward speed on performance of tractor-implement systems in plowing process.

An Extended Particle Swarm Optimizer

An Extended Particle Swarm Optimizer （EPSO） is proposed in this paper. In this new algorithm, not only the local but also the global best position will impact the particle＇s velocity updating process. EPSO is an integration of Local Best paradigm （LBEST） and Global Best paradigm （GBEST） and it significantly enhances the performance of the conventional particle swarm optimizers. The experiment results have proved that EPSO deserves to be investigated.