Inter-organizational cooperation: A rehabilitation project based on cooperation between health care and three social service agencies

Purpose: Cooperation between organizations is an often-suggested remedy for handling unsolved borderland problems. However, actual projects aiming at cooperation are seldom very successful. The purpose here is to highlight obstacles related to cooperation between different organizations based on a case study of a rehabilitation project where health care and several social service organizations (social insurance, social welfare, and the local employment agency) were involved. Data were gathered through participation and interviews. Findings: It seems that efficient cooperation requires an understanding of the participating organizations’ differences in work logic as well as work practices. Furthermore, only certain fairly standardized “normal” problems may be handled through organized cooperation while non-routine exceptional problem requires a more fully integrated work organization. Implications: Obstacles to cooperation are highlighted and ways to improve the possibilities of cooperation between organizations are suggested although such possibilities are generally hampered by differences in work logic.

Enhancing Cooperation in N-Person Social Dilemma Game： Interactive Effects of Limitation and Cost for Job Change and Incentive on Cooperation

The non-cooperative action in the social dilemma situation might, at the worst case, lead to violation of social rules （or regulations）. A repetitive N-person social dilemma game that permit the participants to change jobs between organizations （groups） and mutually interact between groups was carried out to investigate how ＂limitation for job change＂, ＂cost for job change＂, and ＂incentive （enhancement of personal career）＂ affected the cooperation. The cost for job change effectively worked for the enhancement of cooperation. When the cost for job change was not necessary, the cooperative behavior was enhanced. When the cost for job change was necessary, it tended that a non-cooperative action was selected. When the limitation and the cost for job change were imposed, and the participants were provided with the incentive for cooperation, the cooperation rate was the highest. A significant interaction between the incentive condition （enhancement of personal career） and the limitation for job change was also clarified.

How Group Heuristics Promotes Cooperative Behavior in Social Dilemma SituationmExploration of Group Heuristics Effects on the Basis of Computer Simulation

As it is impossible to assume complete rationality in a social dilemma situation, the assumption of bounded rationality is appropriate. Under the bounded rationality, it would be reasonable to assume that one behaves according to the heuristics principle. The group identity effect in a social dilemma situation might be very important in order to attain cooperation. The aim of this study was to clarify how to promote a cooperative behavior by avoiding a social dilemma situation. The group heuristics was taken into account, and it was explored how the group heuristics promotes a cooperative behavior in a social dilemma situation. As a result of a two-person game theory experiment, the group heuristics was found to play an important role in a social dilemma situation, and enhance a cooperative behavior. For the following three cases, the higher cooperation rate was attained at the latter half of the experiment： （a） mutual in-group condition, （b） one-way in-group condition, and （f） one-way unknown condition （in-group）. In conclusion, the consciousness of in-group membership might help to promote actively mutual cooperation.

A 2-stage strategy updating rule promotes cooperation in the prisoner's dilemma game

In this study,we propose a spatial prisoner＇s dilemma game model with a 2-stage strategy updating rule,and focus on the cooperation behavior of the system.In the first stage,i.e.,the pre-learning stage,a focal player decides whether to update his strategy according to the pre-learning factor β and the payoff difference between himself and the average of his neighbors.If the player makes up his mind to update,he enters into the second stage,i.e.,the learning stage,and adopts a strategy of a randomly selected neighbor according to the standard Fermi updating rule.The simulation results show that the cooperation level has a non-trivial dependence on the pre-learning factor.Generally,the cooperation frequency decreases as the pre-learning factor increases;but a high cooperation level can be obtained in the intermediate region of- 3〈 β 〈-1.We then give some explanations via studying the co-action of pre-learning and learning.Our results may sharpen the understanding of the influence of the strategy updating rule on evolutionary games.

Social Network and Inter-Organizational Learning: The Case of a Brazilian Cooperative of Fish-Farmers

The inter-organizational learning approach has shown considerable growth in recent years. The concepts of trust and cooperation between individuals present in the New Economic Sociology (NES) approach of social relations emerge with great emphasis and are gaining prominence as a facilitator and propellant mechanism in transferring knowledge inside networks. This study aims to analyze the learning networks formed by fish-farmers organized into a cooperative to identify the characteristics of the network through structural analysis and identification of its critical actors. The study was performed with thirteen fish-farmers of a cooperative headquartered inMundo Novocounty, which is located inMato Grosso do Sulstate in the Midwest region of Brazil. Questionnaires and interviews with closed and open questions were used to collect the data. Measures of centrality (for individuals), density and reciprocity (in relations between individuals) were obtained from ORA software. The findings revealed that experience exchanges between fish-farmers, events participation, meetings attendance, speech audience and technical advice are the main forms of inter-organizational learning. Results suggest that the network has low levels of cohesion and that it is not taking advantage of its full potential. It was also found that there is a subgroup within the network that presents a high level of cohesion and shared learning based on cooperative informal relationships. Grounded in findings, suggestions for future research are presented.

Study on the Influence of Farmer Social Capital on Cooperative Supply Willingness of Agricultural Disaster Reduction Public Goods——Based on the Investigation on 515 Farmers

Based on social capital theory,related factors of three dimensions( structure dimension,cognition dimension and relation dimension) of farmer social capital are taken as independent variables,and famer's willingness to cooperatively supply agricultural disaster reduction public goods is taken as dependent variable. Taking 515 farmers in 27 villages of Hubei Province as investigation objects,the influence of farmer social capital on cooperative supply willingness of agricultural disaster reduction public goods is explored by Logistic regression model. Research results show that social solidarity,common value concept,social trust and reciprocal content have positive impact on farmer's willingness of cooperative supply,while annual household income,number of agricultural disaster reduction public goods and social network have negative impact on farmer's willingness of cooperative supply.

Human-AI Cooperation in Education: Human in Loop and Teaching as leadership

Using the differences and complementarities between human intelligence and artificial intelligence(AI),a hybrid-augmented intelligence,that is both stronger than human intelligence and AI,is created through Human-AI Cooperation(HAC)for teaching and learning.Human-AI Cooperation is infiltrating into all links of education,and recent research has focused a lot on the impact of teaching,learning,management,and evaluation with Human-AI Cooperation.However,AI still has its limits of intelligence,and cannot cooperate as humans.Thus,it is critical to study the obstacles of Human-AI Cooperation in education,as AI plays a role as a partner,not a tool.This study discussed for the first time how teachers and AI cooperate based on Multiple Intelligences of AI proposed by Andrzej Cichocki and puts forward a new Human-AI Cooperation teaching mode:human in the loop and teaching as leadership.It is proposed that humans in the loop and teaching as leadership can solve the problem that AI cannot cope with complex and dynamic teaching tasks in open situations,as well as the limits of intelligence for AI.

Cooperation Oriented Computing:A Computing Model Based on Emergent Dynamics of Group Cooperation

Traditional way of problem solving tries to deliver data to program.But when the problem’s complexity exponentially increases as the data scale increases,to obtain the solution is difficult.Group cooperation computing model works in an inverse way by delivering program to data.It first models each single data as individual and data unit as group of individuals.Then,different cooperation rules are designed for individuals to cooperate with each other.Finally,the solution of the problem emerges through individuals’cooperation process.This study applies group cooperation computing model to solve Hamilton Path problem which has NP-complete time complexity.Experiment results show that the cooperation model works much better than genetic algorithm.More importantly,the following properties of group cooperation computing are found which may be different from the traditional computing theory.(1)By using different cooperation rules,the same problem with the same scale may exhibit different complexities,such as liner or exponent.(2)By using the same cooperation rule,when the problem scale is less than a specific threshold,the problem’s time complexity is liner.Otherwise,the problem complexity may be exponent.

医务社会工作跨专业合作中的角色共识与角色实践

随着医务社会工作的发展,医护人员、患者和家属已经对其形成了具有一定共性的角色期待,跨专业合作因此成为可能。然而,医务社会工作在跨学科团队中面临的核心问题仍然是角色共识不足,角色实践与角色期待差距明显,难以深度融入医疗体系。文章通过2023年在上海、湖北和广东三地开展问卷调查和对某市6家医院医务社会工作部2022年的年终总结报告进行分析发现,推动医务社会工作跨专业合作发展需要同时克服外生性障碍和内生性缺陷,医务社会工作自身的专业发展是跨专业合作的核心基础,而突破瓶颈的内生性路径在于制度化知识的生产和临床技术的自主性发展。

跨省横向府际应急协同机制的实践样态及制度保障

突破省域边界的突发事件具有复杂性、不确定性与突发性,灾害后果严重。实践中,各省级政府通过签订应急协同协议、新设应急协同组织、开展联席会议与会商应对跨省突发事件,形成了多元化的应急协同机制,契合中国特色应急管理制度的改革方向。但是,相关机制不仅面临合法性质疑,还存在效力薄弱、协同动力不足和未突破区域壁垒的弊病,需要完善相关合法性保障与实效保障。协同机制具备实质合宪性,《中华人民共和国地方各级人民代表大会和地方各级人民政府组织法》赋予其组织法依据,一些仅供协调而未涉及职权调整的协同机制不违反职权法定原则与组织法定原则,具备合法性。然而,应对跨省突发事件需要整合各省政府部门职权以形成区域性应急行政权,该权力源自政府的行政授权,可由《中华人民共和国突发事件应对法》完善相关法律依据。协同机制的实效保障需要多路并进:在协同协议层面,应当进一步提升协议的法律效力与可操作性;在协同组织层面,需要健全应急协同组织及其内部结构;在协同信息层面,完善应急协同信息平台建设有助于收集、共享常态化信息与突发事件预警和处置信息;在协同动力层面,可以通过夯实协同观念基础与信任基础、增加协同净收益和加强中央政府的高位推动增强协同动力。

企业社会责任的“责任”究竟是什么

企业社会责任是从企业主体性出发,在保持好组织绩效的基础上,对员工和在地社区负责,并传递、展示和倡导积极的社会公共价值。企业社会责任是“有限”责任。企业是一种具有特殊性质的组织形式,负担的社会责任也必须与企业组织的固有特征以及特定企业的目标与使命相关。社会也应当适当降低对企业社会责任的预期,大致界定企业与其他社会组织的边界,防止企业承担无限责任。企业社会责任的履行应当寻求内生性的约束机制。传统的外部监管机制成本巨大,且不可能消除监管漏洞。企业社会责任履行机制的设计应当更多地考虑利用企业的存续高度依赖于其他社会成员合作的特性,以社会信用机制提高企业的合作成本与自律成本,形成有效约束力。为克服企业社会责任的履行困境,应改变观念,并从内生性约束角度规约企业行为,而不是通过无节制地加强监管或惩罚去实现,那样做只会耗费更多的社会成本却收效甚微。管理者必须做出根本的改变,理解企业组织和管理者自身的存在意义,拒绝功利主义的诱惑,敢于承担企业的“有限”社会责任,不负企业使命。

地方铁路引入社会资本的合作机制研究

地方铁路为地方经济和铁路行业的持续发展发挥了重要作用。随着地方政府铁路事权和支出责任的逐步增强,地方铁路建设发展面临着诸多问题。尤其是在引入社会资本时,地方政府与社会资本之间的责任和风险不能合理配置,这极大影响了地方铁路的健康发展。以罗定铁路为案例,通过分析政府为缓解债务压力引入民营资本,却被民营资本套牢又不得不重回政府主导的建设发展历程,阐明铁路实现可持续发展所要遵循的客观规律,进一步总结罗定铁路引入社会资本过程中的经验教训。认为地方政府应树立“有责政府”主体意识,重视铁路的经济属性、资本属性和风险属性,引入社会资本合作时要加强在市场准入、利益分配、风险分担和激励约束等方面的机制建设。

医护协作性、心理韧性对医务人员情绪衰竭的影响

目的:调查医务人员的情绪衰竭、心理韧性和医护协作性情况,探索三者间关联性。方法:采用一般资料问卷、Maslash职业倦怠量表通用版(MBI-GS)中情绪衰竭维度、简式心理韧性量表(BRS),以及医护合作量表(NPCS)中医护协作性维度对浙江省281名医务人员进行问卷调查,收集有效样本230份。建立结构方程模型,分析医护协作性、心理韧性和情绪衰竭的关联性。结果:医务人员情绪衰竭得分(1.62±0.64),心理韧性得分(3.22±0.63),医护协作性得分(22.53±5.27);心理韧性和医护协作性对情绪衰竭的标准化路径系数分别为-0.627(P<0.01)和-0.118(P<0.05),心理韧性与医护协作性的相关性不显著。结论:心理韧性、医护协作性对医务人员情绪衰竭都有负向影响,其中心理韧性的影响更显著。建议通过叙事医学赋能医院管理,通过社会支持和自我赋能促进医护协作和员工心理韧性,进而缓减情绪衰竭。

基于实时互动的社交媒体在高校教学中的应用研究——以《企业管理概论》课程为例

随着移动互联网的快速发展,社交媒体已经成为人们日常生活中不可或缺的组成部分,社交媒体使用对高校学生学习效果的影响,在高等教育教学领域逐渐引起学者的关注。基于社交媒体应用与合作学习视角,讨论社交媒体在高校教学中的应用,结合高校学生使用社交媒体的学习动机、学习行为及学习效果,从教学设计、教学实施、教学评价及教学反思四个方面,提出在高校教学中合理应用社交媒体辅助课程教学,促进学生合作学习,提升学习效果及协作能力。

新时代高校实践育人协同体系构建——基于“中医药继承者”项目的创新探索

社会实践是高校开展大学生思想政治教育的重要途径和载体。构建实践育人协同体系,对推动高等教育发展、提升实践育人实效、助力大学生成长成才具有重大意义。基于社会实践的育人性、协同性、开放性三大原则,通过打造“政府+高校+企业+社区”四轮驱动育人机制、建立“健康教育+健康服务”两翼共振实践体系、完善“初次+阶段+专业”三级分类培训体系、贯彻“总结+评议”的双维考核制度,构建新时代高校实践育人协同体系,不断增强育人实效,推动高等教育高质量、可持续发展。

合作共产与价值共创:基层社会治理共同体可持续发展的新思路

基层社会治理共同体的可持续发展,既是满足人民群众日益增长的美好需求向往的基础工程,也是实现社会治理体系和治理能力现代化的必然要求。“合作共产”与“价值共创”从外在赋能与内在聚合两个维度为基层社会治理共同体可持续发展提供了结构支持和情感维系。“合作共产”与“价值共创”以公共服务合作共产为媒介,通过合作共产中各类社会主体的结构共嵌、合作共治和互利互惠,整合各方参与主体,缔结多方社会关系,实现各方利益的最大化,共同创造基于信任感、归属感和认同感等公共价值的情感理性,促进治理结构的稳定性、治理过程的参与性和治理成果的公共性,维护并持续发展社会治理共同体。

嵌入-合作型社会企业:就业帮扶车间的组织性质及发展

就业帮扶车间是以发展乡村产业、扩大村集体规模经济、实现农村弱势劳动力就近就业的组织形式,也是实现巩固脱贫攻坚成果向乡村振兴有效衔接的重要组织载体。随着进入转型过渡期,帮扶车间的可持续发展面临着诸多挑战,而明确其组织性质则是应对挑战的基础和前提。基于社会企业理论,抽取“价值、目标、路径、利益相关方”四个特征维度和“政府-市场-社会”三重行动逻辑建构分析框架,对就业帮扶车间组织性质进行识别。研究发现,帮扶车间符合社会企业基本定义及特征,可识别为一种社会企业。在此基础上,相比市场-社会行动逻辑“双轮驱动”的传统社会企业模式,帮扶车间因政府行动逻辑的嵌入,形成政府-市场-社会“三轮驱动”的发展模式,因而呈现出更强的混合逻辑特征,形成了利益相关方之间稳定的利益联结机制和持续有效合作。基于此,就业帮扶车间可进一步被定性为“嵌入-合作型社会企业”。从组织性质出发,针对帮扶车间面临的可持续发展问题,可尝试通过动态调整三重逻辑关系、引入更多利益相关方、强化其社会企业身份合法性等途径加以解决。

社会记忆视阈下突发事件档案编研的困境探视与破解之道

突发事件档案作为人们在应对突发事件过程中形成的重要原始记录和叙事资料,新修订的《档案法》要求各级档案馆健全突发事件应对活动相关档案的利用机制,增强为突发事件应对活动提供文献参考和决策支持的能力。笔者基于网络和电话调研调查近六十个档案馆发现,目前的突发事件档案编研活动存在较多现实困境,需要进行破解和提升,才能充分发挥其构建社会记忆和推进国家治理体系现代化的重要功能。

公共图书馆管理运营模式比较研究——对山西省地市级公共图书馆的考察

随着我国经济社会的快速发展及人们对公共文化需求的增长,单一的传统管理运营模式已经不能完全适应公共图书馆的发展,公共图书馆已经进入多元化管理运营时代。以第七次全国县级以上公共图书馆评估定级工作所采集的数据为依托,以山西省地市级公共图书馆多元化管理运营模式为研究对象,探究了公共图书馆在建设和运营中因不同发展环境选择不同管理运营模式所呈现的特点和问题,讨论了新时代公共文化服务体系管理运营模式的未来走向,并为公共图书馆多元化发展提出了若干建议。

基于海洋产业的城市创新网络特征及邻近性分析

基于2000—2020年海洋产业合作申请专利数据,运用社会网络分析法和地理探测器,分析城市创新网络的拓扑结构、空间格局和邻近性机理。结果表明:①拓扑结构方面,2000年和2001年城市创新网络不具备无标度网络特征;2002—2020年,网络规模逐渐扩大,城市间合作增加,网络以2011年为分界点由松散转为集聚阶段。网络的无标度特性和小世界性逐渐明显,并由“双核心”结构逐渐发育为以北京为单核心的“核心-边缘”结构。②空间格局方面,核心城市和中介城市均表现出区域性特征,主要集聚在京津地区、长三角、珠三角和山东半岛,城市创新网络形成了以三角结构为支撑的四边形空间格局。③城市专利合作由沿海城市向内陆城市扩展,但海洋产业的科技创新主要依靠深圳、青岛、上海、天津、广州等沿海城市和北京、武汉等少部分内陆城市。④社会邻近性对城市创新网络的解释力最高,地理距离对城市合作的限制作用逐渐减弱,不同邻近因子间均存在非线性增强的两两交互作用。