Precise Positioning Method for Seafloor Geodetic Stations Based on the Temporal Variation of Sound Speed Structure

At present,GNSS-Acoustic(GNSS-A)combined technology is widely used in positioning for seafloor geodetic stations.Based on Sound Velocity Profiles(SVPs)data,the equal gradient acoustic ray-tracing method is applied in high-precision position inversion.However,because of the discreteness of the SVPs used in the forementioned method,it ignores the continuous variation of sound velocity structure in time domain,which worsens the positioning accuracy.In this study,the time-domain variation of Sound Speed Structure(SSS)has been considered,and the cubic B-spline function is applied to characterize the perturbed sound velocity.Based on the ray-tracing theory,an inversion model of“stepwise iteration&progressive corrections”for both positioning and sound speed information is proposed,which conducts the gradual correction of seafloor geodetic station coordinates and disturbed sound velocity.The practical data was used to test the effectiveness of our method.The results show that the Root Mean Square(RMS)errors of the residual values of the traditional methods without sound velocity correction,based on quadratic polynomial correction and based on cubic B-spline function correction are 1.43 ms,0.44 ms and 0.21 ms,respectively.The inversion model with sound velocity correction can effectively eliminate the systematic error caused by the change of SSS,and significantly improve the positioning accuracy of the seafloor geodetic stations.

Variations in Carbohydrate and Protein Accumulation among Spikelets at Different Positions Within a Panicle During Rice Grain Filling

The accumulation dynamics of kernel components for spikelets at different positions within a rice panicle were investigated during grain filling to understand the physiological reasons for the variation of grain quality.Two rice cultivars,Yangdao 6 （indica） and Yangjing 9538 （japonica）,were field-grown,and the grain filling characters and contents of starch,soluble sugar,and protein of the spikelets at different positions were studied.There were significant differences in matter accumulation among spikelets at different positions during grain filling.The early-flowering spikelets presented dominance over the late-flowering spikelets in initial time and initial rate of accumulation.At the initial and mid filling stages,the contents and the rates of starch and amylose accumulation in spikelets decreased with the flowering sequence,but soluble sugar content （SSC） exhibited the opposite trend.The difference in SSC among the spikelets of Yangjing 9538 was greater than that of Yangdao 6,but amylose content in mature spikelets showed no obvious relationship to their flowering sequence.The crude protein content （CPC） of early-flowering spikelets decreased more rapidly than that of late-flowering ones at the initial filling stage,and CPC in the spikelets on the secondary branch was higher than that on the primary branch,but CPC in early-flowering ones was lower than that in late-flowering across the whole grain filling period.Grain water content （GWC） of early-flowering spikelets decreased more rapidly than that of late-flowering spikelets on the same branch at the initial and mid filling stages,especially for the top grain on each primary branch.The results suggested that poor grain filling of late-flowering spikelets may be attributed to their low biological activity rather than carbohydrate supply limitation.

Estimation of annual variation of water vapor in the Arctic Ocean between 80°–87°N using shipborne GPS data based on kinematic precise point positioning

The measurement of atmospheric water vapor （WV） content and variability is important for meteorological and climatological research. A technique for the remote sensing of atmospheric WV content using ground-based Global Positioning System （GPS） has become available, which can routinely achieve accuracies for integrated WV content of 1-2 kg/m2. Some experimental work has shown that the accuracy of WV measurements from a moving platform is comparable to that of （static） land-based receivers. Extending this technique into the marine environment on a moving platform would be greatly beneficial for many aspects of meteorological research, such as the calibration of satellite data, investigation of the air-sea interface, as well as forecasting and climatological studies. In this study, kinematic precise point positioning has been developed to investigate WV in the Arctic Ocean （80°-87°N） and annual variations are obtained for 2008 and 2012 that are identical to those related to the enhanced greenhouse effect.

THE POSITION VARIATION OF THE WEST PACIFIC SUBTROPICAL HIGH AND ITS POSSIBLE MECHANISM

Using NCEP/NCAR daily reanalysis data and SCSMEX data, an investigation is carried out ofthe relationship between the position variation of the west Pacific subtropical high (WPSH) and the apparentheating in June 1998 based on the complete vertical vorticity equation. It is found that the non-adiabatic heatingplays an important role in the position variation of WPSH. In comparison with climatic mean status, the verticalchange of non-adiabatic heating is stronger in the north side of WPSH in June 1998, but weaker in the south sideof WPSH. The anomalous non-uniform heating induces anomalous cyclonic vorticity in South China, areas to thesouth of the Yangtze and its mid-lower valleys, but anomalous anticyclonic vorticity in the Indo-China Peninsulaand South China Sea areas lead to the more southward position of WPSH than the mean.

Dosimetric Impact of Inter-Fraction Variation in Interstitial HDR Brachytherapy

Background: Patient setup errors in External Beam Radiotherapy (EBRT) are minimized to a great extent, due to recent technological developments but in contrary brachytherapy received least attention in inter-fraction catheter movement and its impact in dose delivery. This article deals with inter-fraction interstitial catheter movement and its impact in dose delivery to the target. An attempt is made to study the dosimetric impact of this variation. Objectives: The objective of the study is to evaluate the inter-fraction variation in the position of implanted interstitial applicators and to assess the dosimetric impact in interstitial High Dose Rate (HDR) brachytherapy. Materials and Methods: 55 patients treated for carcinoma tongue, breast, buccal mucosa, cervix, floor of mouth and soft tissue sarcoma over a period of 2 years (December 2011-May 2013) were considered. All the patients underwent CT scan on the next day of the implant and 3D planning was done either by Eclipse or Oncentra Master plan Treatment Planning System (TPS). Patients were treated by HDR brachytherapy remote after-loading units, either by Gamma Med iX plus or Microselectron. At the end of the last fraction, CT scan was repeated and re-planning done. The variation in position of the implanted applicators/catheters and its impact on dosimetric parameters were evaluated and analyzed. Results: The range of positional displacement of the interstitial catheters ranges from 4.5 mm to 6.8 mm. The maximum variation in prescribed dose to D90 of Clinical Target Volume was 10.88%. Conclusions: If the total duration of interstitial implant of HDR brachytherapy extends for more than a week from the day of imaging, it is recommended to do CT imaging and re-plan again. It is mandatory to suture the buttons of the implant to the skin. Edema and movement of organs (e.g., tongue) are the main cause for the positional variation of the catheters.

An Evaluation of Inter-Fractional Set-Up Errors in Patients Treated with Distinct Immobilization Equipment for Varying Anatomical Regions

This study aims to evaluate inter-fractional set-up errors in patients treated with distinct immobilization equipment (thermoplastic mask, knee-fix and feet-fix, wing board and vac-lok) for four anatomical regions including brain, head and neck (HN), thorax and pelvis. Data of randomly selected 140 patients who were treated for four anatomical regions were obtained using Hi-Art Helical Tomotherapy (HT) system. Pre-treatment planning was based on automatic registration readings of computed tomography (CT) and mega-voltage computed tomography (MVCT) on a daily basis. Distinct immobilization equipment was used for varying anatomical regions. Individual mean set-up error (M), systematic error (Σ), and random error (σ) values were calculated through daily translational and rotational deviation values. The size of translational, systematic and random error was 1.31 - 4.93 mm for brain, 2.28 - 4.88 mm for HN, 4.04 - 9.90 mm for thorax, and 6.34 - 14.68 mm for pelvis. Rotational values were as follows: 0.06&deg - 0.73&deg for brain, 0.42&deg - 0.6&deg for HN, 0.48&deg - 1.14&deg for thorax and 0.65&deg - 1.05&deg for pelvis. The highest translational, systematic and random error value was obtained from the pelvic regional. The highest standard and random error value in pitch and roll was produced in the rotational direction of the pelvis (0.05° and 0.71°), while the highest error value in yaw was (1.14°) produced from thorax. Inter-fractional set-up errors were most commonly produced in the pelvis, followed by thorax. Our study results suggest that the highest systematic and random errors are found for thorax and pelvis. Distinct immobilization equipment was important in these results. Safety margins around the clinical target volume (CTV) are changeable for different anatomical regions. A future work could be developed to new equipment for immobilization because of the reduced margins CTV.

Ultrasonographic identification of lateral femoral cutaneous nerve anatomical variation in persistent meralgia paresthetica:A case report

BACKGROUND Meralgia paresthetica(MP)is an entrapment mononeuropathy of the lateral femoral cutaneous nerve(LFCN).Although structural abnormalities in nerve tissues can be confirmed using ultrasonography,this is not routinely performed.CASE SUMMARY Herein,we present the case of a 52-year-old woman who developed MP after laparoscopic gynecological surgery.The patient was referred to our clinic from an obstetrics and gynecology clinic with symptoms of numbness and a tingling sensation in the left anterolateral thigh,which developed after surgery performed 5 mo earlier.Tests were performed to assess the disease status and determine the underlying causes.Ultrasonographic examination revealed an anatomical variation,where the left LFCN was entrapped within the inguinal ligament.This case suggests that performing ultrasonographic examination before and after surgery in the lithotomy position could help prevent MP.CONCLUSION This case demonstrates the value of ultrasonography in detecting anatomical variation and diagnosing persistent MP.Ultrasonography should be considered an adjunct to electromyography for optimal MP management.Further,this case would help other clinicians determine patient prognosis and decide on targeted treatment strategies.

井下电力电缆故障定位研究

针对传统井下电力电缆故障定位方法依赖主观参数选择和抗噪性能较差,无法满足强噪声背景下井下电力电缆故障精确定位要求的问题,提出了一种基于樽海鞘群算法(SSA)优化变分模态分解(VMD)并结合改进型Teager能量算子(NTEO)的井下电力电缆故障定位方法。针对VMD在信号分解上存在的模态混叠、过分解和欠分解问题,采用SSA以模糊熵为适应度函数对VMD模态数K和惩罚因子α2个参数进行优化,得到更能反映故障特征信息的本征模态函数;采用NTEO对本征模态函数进行首波波头标定,得到首末两端的波头到达时刻,根据双端测距法得出故障位置。采用PSCAD/EMTDC进行井下电力电缆故障仿真,模拟具有强背景噪声的井下故障信号,结果表明:①在理想电流信号中加入9,12 dB噪声后,SSA-VMD的信噪比最低,皮尔逊相关系数最大,说明SSA-VMD在最大程度降噪的同时,能很好地保留信号的特征信息。②在不同过渡电阻下,SSA-VMD-NTEO的定位精度较高。③在不同故障相角下,SSA-VMD-NTEO在采样点上出现不同,但定位位置没有改变,依旧保持较高的定位精度。④在不同故障距离下,SSA-VMD-NTEO均能保证较高的定位精度。⑤在井下较大噪声和10 MHz采样频率下,SSA-VMD-NTEO较小波模极大值和VMD+NTEO 2种方法的定位精度具有明显优势。

无创产前检测在筛查胎儿染色体拷贝数变异中的应用价值分析

目的探讨无创产前检测(NIPT)技术在产前筛查胎儿染色体拷贝数变异(CNVs)中的临床意义及应用价值。方法选择2018年1月至2021年7月在淮安市妇幼保健院进行NIPT检测,结果提示可能为胎儿CNVs的224例孕妇为研究对象;对其中171例孕妇进行了羊水穿刺及进一步的产前诊断[羊水染色体核型分析及染色体微阵列分析(CMA)],获得胎儿羊水样本171例。对比分析羊水染色体核型及CMA结果与NIPT结果,并进行随访。结果根据CNVs不同类型分组,微缺失组占所有CNVs的54.02%(121/224),微重复组占所有CNVs的39.73%(89/224),微缺失合并微重复组占所有CNVs的6.25%(14/224);微缺失组、微重复组、微缺失合并微重复组羊水穿刺阳性预测值分别为56.67%、50.70%、80.00%,三组间阳性预测值比较差异无统计学意义(χ2=3.412,P>0.05)。根据CNVs不同片段分组,>10Mb组占所有CNVs的18.75%(42/224),5~10Mb组占所有CNVs的20.54%(46/224),<5Mb组占所有CNVs的60.71%(136/224);>10Mb组、5~10Mb组、<5Mb组羊水穿刺阳性预测值分别为56.76%、60.00%、53.54%,三组间阳性预测值比较差异无统计学意义(χ2=0.465,P>0.05)。在经过羊水穿刺进行染色体核型分析和CMA确诊的95例胎儿CNVs中,致病性CNVs占33.68%(32/95),可能致病性CNVs占21.05%(20/95),意义不明确CNVs占41.05%(39/95),可能良性CNVs占4.21%(4/95),无良性CNVs病例。对NIPT提示可能为胎儿CNVs的224例孕妇进行电话或者门诊随访,随访率为86.16%(193/224);但接受羊水穿刺的孕妇随访率为100.00%。在致病性CNVs中选择继续妊娠的孕妇共5例,有3例经对父母进行CMA验证发现CNVs来自母源,有2例拒绝验证,5例新生儿中均未见明显异常表型。在可能致病性CNVs中选择继续妊娠的孕妇共10例,有3例经对父母进行CMA验证发现CNVs分别来自父源、母源、新发突变,有7例拒绝验证。结论应用NIPT对胎儿CNVs进行初步筛查有效且可行,对于NIPT提示可能为胎儿CNVs的孕妇,必须建议其进行规范的超声筛查及侵入性产前诊断。

不同体位及气腹压下脉搏灌注变异指数与每搏量变异度的相关性分析

目的探讨不同体位、气腹压下脉搏灌注变异指数(pleth variability index,PVI)与每搏量变异度(stroke volume variation,SVV)的相关性。方法选取2022年6—12月内蒙古自治区人民医院择期行腹腔镜右半结肠癌根治术的患者60例,全麻后依次在水平位(T1)、Trendelenburg位(T2)、Trendelenburg左倾45°位(T3)3种体位下监测患者HR、MAP、PVI及SVV的变化,并分析不同体位下PVI与SVV的相关性。手术前根据不同气腹压将患者分为A组(10 mmHg)、B组(12 mmHg)和C组(14 mmHg)(1 mmHg=0.133 kPa),每组20例,监测3组不同体位下HR、MAP、PVI及SVV的变化,并分析不同气腹压下PVI与SVV的相关性。结果60例患者中男32例、女28例,平均年龄(53.1±7.7)岁。气腹前,与T1时相比,T2、T3时的HR较低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);3种体位下PVI与SVV均存在线性正相关(P<0.05)。气腹后3种体位下,与A组相比,B组、C组的MAP、PVI、SVV均较高;与B组相比,C组HR较低、MAP较高,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。气腹后3种体位下,A组PVI与SVV均呈线性正相关(P<0.05)。结论无气腹状态下,不同体位下PVI与SVV均呈线性正相关。低气腹压(10 mmHg)下,不同体位时PVI与SVV呈线性正相关。体位虽不影响PVI与SVV的正相关性,但超过10 mmHg的气腹压会影响二者的正相关性。

位置可调转向管柱传动的运动学分析及应用

方向盘在前后伸缩或者上下角度调整之后,转向系统的不等速特性引起的力矩波动,方向盘幅角及转向管柱的摩擦力矩变化都会发生变化。通过建立局部坐标系,进行空间坐标转换,推导了输入轴和输出轴转角的关系式。使用该方法可以计算不同方向盘调节位置时转向管柱传动的不等速特性,转向管柱位置调节导致的方向盘幅角变化,转向管柱万向节的摩擦力矩变化。基于以上三个计算结果,提出了输出轴的初始相位的设定方法。

基于Protos70的烟支硬度影响因素分析

烟支硬度由于受限于烟丝结构及吸丝成型,Protos70卷接机直接调控手段较少。为此,通过对影响烟支硬度的物料供给指标进行控制,设备参数进行优化。并对烟支紧头位置偏移、烟丝束在送丝轨道内的烟丝形态差异、烟支硬度与其他物理指标交互影响进行分析。根据分析结果,烟支紧头偏移区间介于[(8.5,21)~(34,46.5)]区域时将导致烟支硬度异常;当负压供给在118~147 mbar时,烟丝在送丝轨道内处于非均匀流时,硬度可控性好;烟支硬度与吸阻的离散程度呈高度线性正相关,与长度呈中度线性正相关。

扩展性无创产前检测在胎儿染色体拷贝数变异筛查中的应用

目的探讨扩展性无创产前检测(NIPT-Plus)在胎儿染色体拷贝数变异(CNVs)筛查中的临床应用价值。方法选取2021年6月至2022年12月在西安新长安妇产医院行NIPT-Plus检测的2604例孕妇作为研究对象,NIPT-Plus检测结果为高风险的孕妇建议进行羊水穿刺,行染色体核型分析和染色体微阵列分析(CMA)进行结果验证,电话随访妊娠结局。结果2604例孕妇中NIPT-Plus检测提示25例CNVs高风险,阳性率为0.96%,18例孕妇选择侵入性产前诊断,其中12例CMA结果与NIPT-Plus结果相吻合,阳性预测值为66.67%(12/18),随访发现9例孕妇在遗传咨询后选择终止妊娠,1例孕妇早产后孩子夭折,2例孕妇选择继续妊娠。结论NIPT-Plus是一种高效的筛查技术,对胎儿染色体CNVs的检出具有一定的临床应用价值,但存在假阳性,仍需进一步产前诊断。

尺骨撞击综合征研究进展

尺骨撞击综合征是导致腕关节尺侧疼痛的主要原因,它是由于腕关节尺侧结构中尺骨头、三角纤维软骨复合体、月骨、三角骨之间反复发生撞击,导致腕关节尺侧长期超负荷,影响局部血供和关节润滑液的营养障碍,最终引起一系列病理改变和临床症状的关节退行性疾病。主要临床表现为腕关节尺侧的疼痛,且随着反复强力抓握活动、前臂旋前或腕部的尺偏而逐渐加重。目前该疾病的诊断主要依靠症状、查体、影像学检查及腕关节镜检查。尺骨撞击综合征可选择保守治疗,但效果往往不佳,近年来手术仍为主要的治疗方式。手术方法主要包括尺骨短缩截骨术、Wafer术、Darrach术和Sauvé-Kapandji术等,以前2种手术方式目前最为常用。现就该疾病的诊断及治疗进展进行综述。

血流动力学监测仪指导目标导向液体治疗对妇科腹腔镜手术患者术后恶心呕吐的影响因素研究

目的:探讨LIDCOrapid型血流动力学监测仪指导目标导向液体治疗(GDFT)对妇科腹腔镜手术患者术后恶心呕吐(PONV)的影响因素。方法:选择2020年8月至2021年6月山东第二医科大学附属医院收治的90例全麻下行腹腔镜广泛性全子宫切除术患者,采用随机数表法将其分为观察组和对照组,每组45例。对照组根据尿量和平均动脉压(MAP)指导补液,观察组根据每搏量变异度(SVV)指导GDFT进行补液。观察患者进入手术室后10min(T0)、麻醉诱导后3 min(T1)、Terndelenburg体位后3 min(T2)、Terndelenburg体位后30 min(T3)、Terndelenburg体位后1 h(T4)和术毕(T5)时的MAP、心率(HR)、SVV、心指数(CI);以及术中液体出入量、术后胃肠功能恢复指标和住院时间。分析主要结局指标的PONV发生率,次要结局指标的术后0~6 h(T6)、6~12 h(T7)、12~24 h(T8)及24~48 h(T9)的PONV评分,以及术后进行止吐补偿治疗的人数。结果:观察组PONV发生率低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(x^(2)=6.40,P<0.05),术后T6和T7的PONV评分降低,差异有统计学意义(t=4.92、3.42,P<0.05)。观察组在T4时的HR和CI高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(t=0.73、0.64,P<0.05),而T3~T5时的SVV均高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(t=2.28、3.42、4.10,P<0.05);观察组术中晶体液输入量和总输液量减少,胶体液输入量增加,与对照组比较差异有统计学意义(t=15.10、12.36、8.19,P<0.05);观察组术后排气时间、排便时间及进食时间均早于对照组,差异有统计学意义(t=3.79、2.09、2.54,P<0.05)。两组住院时间比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:LIDCOrapid型血流动力学监测仪指导的GDFT可降低妇科腹腔镜广泛性子宫切除术PONV的发生率和术后12 h内PONV的严重程度。

MULTIPLICITY AND CONCENTRATION BEHAVIOUR OF POSITIVE SOLUTIONS FOR SCHRDINGER-KIRCHHOFF TYPE EQUATIONS INVOLVING THE p-LAPLACIAN IN R^N

In this article, we study the multiplicity and concentration behavior of positive solutions for the p-Laplacian equation of SchrSdinger-Kirchhoff type -εpM（εp-N∫RN｜△u｜p）△pu＋v（x｜u｜p-2u=f（u）in RN, where △p is the p-Laplacian operator, 1 〈 p 〈 N, M ： R＋ → R＋ and V ： RN →R＋ are continuous functions, ε is a positive parameter, and f is a continuous function with subcritical growth. We assume that V satisfies the local condition introduced by M. del Pino and P. Felmer. By the variational methods, penalization techniques, and Lyusternik- Schnirelmann theory, we prove the existence, multiplicity, and concentration of solutions for the above equation.

POSITIVE SOLUTIONS FOR WEAKLY COUPLED NONLINEAR ELLIPTIC SYSTEMS

In this article, we consider the existence of positive solutions for weakly coupled nonlinear elliptic systems {-△u＋u=（1＋a（x））｜u｜P-1u＋μ｜u｜a-2u｜v｜β＋λv in Rn,-△u＋u=（1＋b（x））｜v｜p-1v＋μ｜u｜a｜v｜β-2v＋λu in Rn To find nontrivial solutions, we first investigate autonomous systems. In this case, results of bifurcation from semi-trivial solutions are obtained by the implicit function theorem. Next, the existence of positive solutions of problem （0.1） is obtained by variational methods.

MULTIPLICITY OF POSITIVE SOLUTIONS FOR A CLASS OF CONCAVE-CONVEX ELLIPTIC EQUATIONS WITH CRITICAL GROWTH

In this article, the following concave and convex nonlinearities elliptic equations involving critical growth is considered,{-△u=g（x）｜u｜2＊-2u＋λf（x）｜u｜q-2u,x∈Ω u=0,x∈δΩ where Ω RN（N ≥ 3） is an open bounded domain with smooth boundary, 1 〈 q 〈 2, λ 〉 0. 2＊= 2N/N-2 is the critical Sobolev exponent, f ∈L2＊/2N/N-2 is nonzero and nonnegative, and g E （Ω） is a positive function with k local maximum points. By the Nehari method and variational method, k ＋ 1 positive solutions are obtained. Our results complement and optimize the previous work by Lin [MR2870946, Nonlinear Anal. 75（2012） 2660-26711.

EXISTENCE OF POSITIVE SOLUTIONS TO QUASI-LINEAR EQUATION INVOLVING CRITICAL SOBOLEV-HARDY EXPONENT

This paper is concerned with the quasi-linear equation with critical Sobolev-Hardy exponentwhere Ω(?) RN(N(?)3) is a smooth bounded domain, 0∈Ω,0(?)s<p, 1<p< N,p(s) := p(N-s)/N-p is the critical Sobolev-Hardy exponent, λ>0,p(?)r < p ,p := Np/N-p is the critical Sobolev exponent, μ>, 0(?)t < p,p (?) q < p (t) =p(N-t)/N-p. The existence of a positive solution is proved by Sobolev-Hardy inequality and variational method.