A clinical evaluation of serum concentrations of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 in patients with gastric cancer

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Soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1,D-lactate and diamine oxidase in patients with inflammatory bowel disease

AIM:To study the levels of serum soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (sICAM-1), plasma D-lactate and diamine oxidase (DAO) in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), and the potential clinical signif icance.METHODS: Sixty-nine patients with IBD and 30 healthy controls were included in this study. The concentration of sICAM-1 was detected with enzyme-linked immu-nosorbent assay, the level of D-lactate and DAO was measured by spectroscopic analysis, and the number of white blood cells (WBC) was determined by routine procedure.RESULTS:The levels of sICAM-l, DAO, and WBC in IBD patients were significantly higher than those in the control group (P<0.01). sICAM-l in IBD patients was found to be closely related to the levels of DAO and D-lactate (212.94±69.89 vs 6.35±2.35, P=0.000), DAO 212.94±69.89 vs 8.65±3.54, P=0.000) and WBC (212.94±69.89 vs 7.40±2.61, P=0.000), but no signif icant difference was observed between patients with ulcerative colitis and patients with Crohn's disease. The post-treatment levels of sICAM-l, D-lactate and WBC were significantly lower than before treatment (sICAM-l 206.57±79.21 vs 146.21±64.43, P=0.000), (D-lactate 1.46±0.94 vs 0.52±0.32, P=0.000) and (WBC 7.24±0.2.33 vs 5.21±3.21, P=0.000).CONCLUSION: sICAM-1, D-lactate and DAO are closely related to the specific conditions of IBD, and thus could be used as a major diagnostic index.

Clinical significance of serum intercellular adhesion molecule-1 detection in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma

INTRODUCTION Since the late 1980s,studies on the expression ofintercellular adhesion molecule-1(ICAM-1)inpatients with malignancies have demonstrated thatICAM-1 may strongly express in two forms in suchdiseases:membranous one on the surface of tumorcells(membrane-bound ICAM-1)and soluble one incirculation(soluble ICAM-1,sICAM-1).

High level of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 affects prognosis of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma

AIM: To determine the cut-off value of intercellular adhesion molecule-1(ICAM-1) and assess the correlation of ICAM-1 with clinicopathological features and the prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)patients who underwent surgical resection.METHODS: We prospectively collected clinicopathological data from 236 HCC patients who had undergone successful hepatectomy. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis was performed to determine the optimal cut-off value of ICAM-1. Enzymelinked immunosorbent assay was used to measure the concentration of ICAM-1 in 236 serum samples isolated from HCC patients and the stratified analysis was used to compare the serum level of ICAM-1 in different HCC subgroups. Immunohistochemistry was performed to test the expression level of the ICAM-1 protein in76 cases of HCC tissues and their adjacent normal liver tissues(ANLT). The survival probability of HCC patients was estimated using Kaplan-Meier plots and differences between the groups were obtained using the log-rank test. Furthermore, independent indicatorsof the prognosis were acquired using a stepwise Cox proportional hazard model to analyze a series of predictors that were associated with disease-free survival(DFS) and overall survival(OS) in HCC patients.RESULTS: Our findings suggested that ICAM-1promotes HCC metastasis and high serum ICAM-1 is significantly associated with alpha-fetoprotein(AFP)(P = 0.022), clinical tumor-node-metastasis stage(P< 0.001), portal vein tumor thrombus(P = 0.005),distant metastasis(P = 0.016) and recurrence(P= 0.034). We further detected the ICAM-1 protein in HCC specimens and found that 56 of 76(73.7%)HCC tissues had ICAM-1 positive staining while only23 of 76(30.3%) ANLT were positively stained(P <0.0001). Survival analysis indicated that HCC patients with increased ICAM-1 concentrations had significantly shorter DFS and OS after resection. A multivariate analysis showed that ICAM-1 > 684 ng/mL was an independent factor for DFS(HR = 1.643; 95%CI:1.125-2.401; P = 0.010) and OS(HR = 1.692; 95%CI:1.152-2.486; P = 0.007).CONCLUSION: ICAM-1 may be a promising serological biomarker for HCC diagnosis and an independent predictor of DFS and OS after surgical resection and may provide a useful reference for the prediction of intra- and extrahepatic metastasis.

Up-regulation of intestinal nuclear factor kappa B and intercellular adhesion molecule-1 following traumatic brain injury in rats

AIM: Nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) regulates a large number of genes involved in the inflammatory response to critical illnesses, but it is not known if and how NF-κB is activated and intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1)expressed in the gut following traumatic brain injury (TBI).The aim of current study was to investigate the temporal pattern of intestinal NF-κB activation and ICAM-1expression following TBI.METHODS: Male Wistar rats were randomly divided into six groups (6 rats in each group) including controls with sham operation and TBI groups at hours 3, 12, 24, and 72, and on d 7. Parietal brain contusion was adopted using weight-dropping method. All rats were decapitated at corresponding time point and mid-jejunum samples were taken. NF-κB binding activity in jejunal tissue was measured using EMSA. Immunohistochemistry was used for detection of ICAM-1 expression in jejunal samples.RESULTS: There was a very low NF-κB binding activity and little ICAM-1 expression in the gut of control rats after sham surgery. NF-κB binding activity in jejunum significantly increased by 160% at 3 h following TBI (P＜0.05 vs control), peaked at 72 h (500% increase)and remained elevated on d 7 post-injury by 390% increase. Compared to controls, ICAM-1 was significantly up-regulated on the endothelia of microvessels in villous interstitium and lamina propria by 24 h following TBI and maximally expressed at 72 h post-injury (P＜0.001). The endothelial ICAM-1 immunoreactivity in jejunal mucosa still remained strong on d 7 post-injury. The peak of NF-κB activation and endothelial ICAM-1 expression coincided in time with the period during which secondary mucosal injury of the gut was also at their culmination following TBI.CONCLUSION: TBI could induce an immediate and persistent up-regulation of NF-κB activity and subsequent up-regulation of ICAM-1 expression in the intestine.Inflammatory response mediated by increased NF-κB activation and ICAM-1 expression may play an important role in the pathogenesis of acute gut mucosal injury following TBI.

The Value of the Soluable Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1 Levels in Matermal Serum for Determination of Occult Chorioamnionitis in Premature Rupture of Membranes

To compare the diagnostic value of soluble intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (sICAM-1) with that of c-reactive protein (CRP) for detecting chorioamnionitis (CAM) in serum of women with premature rupture of membranes (PROM), 55 pregnant women with PROM, including 18 pregnant women with preterm premature rupture of membranes (PPROM) and 20 normal pregnant women at term (TPROM) were studied. Maternal serum were measured by Sandwish enzyme-linked immunoabsorbent assay (ELISA) for sICAM. CAM was histologically confirmed after delivery. The results revealed that (1) maternal serum levels of sICAM-1 and CRP were significantly higher in women with PROM than those without it; (2) maternal serum levels of sICAM-1 and CRP were significantly higher in women with CAM than those without it; (3) serum levels of sICAM-1 in PPROM women were similar to those in TPROM women, whereas serum levels of CRP in PPROM women were significantly higher than those in TPROM women; (4) the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, Kappa index and area under receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve of maternal serum sICAM-1 (cutoff 104.7 ng/ml) and CRP(cutoff 1.03 mg/dl) for diagnosing CAM were 100 %, 91.2 %, 87.5 %, 100 %, 0.20, 0.995 and 81.0 %, 73.5 %, 65.4 %, 86.2 %, 0.13, 0.811, respectively; (5) among the mild histological CAM group, severe histological CAM group and clinical CAM group, the difference in maternal serum levels of sICAM-1 were significantly (P<0.001), with the order of concentration from high level to low level corresponding to the severity of CAM. It is concluded that maternal serum level of ICAM-1 is superior to that of CRP as biomarker for diagnosing intraamniotic infection in pregnant women with PROM.

Different expression pattern of serum soluble intercellular adhesion molecules-1 and neutrophilic expression of CD18 in patients with diabetic retinopathy

AIM: To investigate the levels of serum soluble intercellular adhesion molecules-1 (sICAM-1) and neutrophilic expression of CD18 in patients with various stages of diabetic retinopathy and to determine their different expression pattern in the development of diabetic retinopathy(DR). METHODS: Levels of serum sICAM-1 and CD18 on the surface of neutrophile were measured in 41 DR patients, they were classified in three subgroups according to the stage of retinopathy as determined by fund's ophthalmoscopy; 10 control subjects were also studied. sICAM-1 were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and CD18 by flow cytometry. RESULTS: The neutrophilic CD18 expression and serum sICAM-1 level were all significantly elevated in all diabetic subgroups compared to control subjects (P <0.01). The differences of CD18 and sICAM-1 among the diabetic subgroups were significant in CD18 but not in sICAM-1. The progression of retinopathy was associated with an increase both in CD18 and in sICAM-1 levels by simple correlation analysis (beta =0.74, P<0.001; beta =0.38, P<0.01, respectively). But stepwise multiple regression analysis revealed that only CD18 Was independent determinant of retinopathy (beta =1.04, P<0.01). CONCLUSION: Our results confirm the contribution of endothelial and neutrophilic activation in the development of DR as indicated by increased levels of CD18 and sICAM-1. However, a direct implication of CD18 and ICAM-1 in the progression of DR can be supported only in the CD18 but not ICAM-1. CD18 and ICAM-1 may play different role in the development of diabetic retinopathy.

Mild hypothermia effects on intercellular adhesion molecule-1 and serum interleukin-6 expression in brain tissues of a rat focal ischemia model

BACKGROUND： Previous studies have confirmed the neuroprotective effect of mild hypothermia on ischemic brain injury. OBJECTIVE： To investigate the effects of mild hypothermia on intercellular adhesion molecule-1 expression and serum interleukin-6 levels in ischemic brain tissues of focal brain ischemia rats, and to explore the neuroprotective effects of mild hypothermia on ischemic brain injury. DESIGN, TIME AND SETTING： A randomized, controlled, neurobiological experiment was performed at the Central Laboratory, First Affiliated Hospital, Xinxiang Medical College, China from February to July 2006. MATERIALS： Thirty healthy, adult, Sprague Dawley rats were used to establish middle cerebral artery occlusion models using the suture method, The immunohistochemistry （streptavidin-biotin-peroxidase complex method） kit was purchased from Boster, China. Interleukin-6 radioimmunoassay was supplied by Institute of Radioimmunity, Technology Development Center, General Hospital of Chinese PLA. METHODS： The rats were equally and randomly assigned into mild hypothermia and control groups, and middle cerebral artery occlusion models were established. The rectal temperature was maintained at （37 ±0.5）℃ in the control group. In the mild hypothermia group, the rectal temperature was maintained at （33±1）℃. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES： At 12 hours after model establishment, the ischemic brain hemispheres were coronally sliced at the level of the optic chiasm. The number of intercellular adhesion molecule-1-positive vessels per high-power field was observed with an optical microscope. Serum interleukin-6 levels were measured by radioimmunoassay. RESULTS： Compared with the control group, intercellular adhesion molecule-1 and serum interleukin-6 expressions were significantly decreased in ischemic brain tissues of the mild hypothermia group （P 〈 0.01）. CONCLUSION： Mild hypothermia exhibits a neuroprotective effect by reducing serum interleukin-6 and intercellular adhesion molecule-1 expression following cerebral ischemia.

Expression of Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1 in Immune Response of Inner Ear

To understand the role of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) in immune response of the inner ear, inner ear immune response was induced in rats by inoculation of keyhole limpet hemocyanine (KLH) into the scala tympani of the animals who had been systemically sensitized. The expression of ICAM-1 in the inner ear was immunohistochemically examined. ICAM-1 was found in the epithelium of the spiral modiolar vein (SMV) with its collecting venules (CVs) as early as 6 h after challenge. Expression of ICAM-1 was observed on the epithelium of the endolymphatic sac (ES) and perisaccular region at 12 h. The intensity of ICAM-1 staining reached its peak within 24 - 48 h in these sites of the inner ear. By day 28, most specimens were devoid of appreciable staining for ICAM-1. Our study demonstrates that adhesion molecules play an important role in extravasation of inflammatory cells from the systemic circulation in the process of inner ear immune response. It also shows that cytokines that control expression of adhesion molecules may be released by cells outside ES, besides those cells in the ES.

Changes of soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1 in the serum from patients with acute cerebral infarction

objective: To observe the changes of soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1(sICAM-1) in the serum of patients with acute cerebral infarctlon (ACI) and their clinical significance. Methods: The concen-tration of sICAM-1 in the serum of 91 patients with ACI was determined with ELISA and then the results were compared wlth those of 43 patients with cerebral hemorrhage and 30 healthy individuals. Results: In the 24th hour after infarction. the concentration of sICAMu-1 in the serum was significantly higher in patients with ACI than in patients with cerebral hemorrhage and normal controls (P< 0. 01). In the patients with ACI, the concentration exhibited an decreasing tendency in the period from the 24th hour to the 14th day andwas correlated with the focal size of cerebral infarction. During the first 14 days after infarction, the concen-tration was significantly higher in the patients with the complication of infection than in those without. Con-clusion: sICAM-1 is closely correlated with clinical manifestation of ACI.

Expression of intercellular adhesive molecule-1 in liver cancer tissues and liver cancer metastasis

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Serum inter-cellular adhesion molecule 1 is an early marker of diagnosis and prediction of severe acute pancreatitis

AIM:To determine if serum inter-cellular adhesion molecule 1(ICAM-1)is an early marker of the diagnosis and prediction of severe acute pancreatitis(SAP) within 24 h of onset of pain,and to compare the sensitivity,specificity and prognostic value of this test with those of acute physiology and chronic health evaluation(APACHE)Ⅱscore and interleukin-6(IL-6). METHODS:Patients with acute pancreatitis(AP)were divided into two groups according to the Ranson's criteria:mild acute pancreatitis(MAP)group and SAP group.Serum ICAM-1,APACHEⅡand IL-6 levels were detected in all the patients.The sensitivity,specificity and prognostic value of the ICAM-1,APACHEⅡscore and IL-6 were evaluated. RESULTS:The ICAM-1 level in 36 patients with SAP within 24 h of onset of pain was increased and was significantly higher than that in the 50 patients with MAP and the 15 healthy volunteers(P<0.01).The ICAM-1 level(25 ng/mL)was chosen as the optimum cutoff to distinguish SAP from MAP,and the sensitivity,specificity,positive predictive value,negative predictive value(NPV),positive likelihood ratio and negative likelihood ratio were 61.11%,71.42%,0.6111,0.7142, 2.1382 and 0.5445,respectively.The area under the curve demonstrated that the prognostic accuracy of ICAM-1(0.712)was similar to the APACHE-Ⅱscoring system(0.770)and superior to IL-6(0.508)in distinguishing SAP from MAP. CONCLUSION:ICAM-1 test is a simple,rapid and reliable method in clinical practice.It is an early marker of diagnosis and prediction of SAP within the first 24 h after onset of pain or on admission.As it has a relatively low NPV and does not allow it to be a stand-alone test for the diagnosis of AP,other conventional diagnostic tests are required.

Monocyte chemotactic protein-1 and soluble adhesion molecules as possible prognostic markers of the efficacy of antiviral treatment in chronic hepatitis C

AIM: To explain the role of Monocyte chemotactic protein-1 (MCP-1) and soluble adhesion molecules in chronic hepatitis C during the treatment of interferon alpha (IFNα) 2 b and ribavirin (RBV).METHODS: Concentrations of MCP-1, soluble adhesion molecules intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (sICAM-1), sPselectin, interleukin (IL) 6, and ILl0 in serum were estimated in the group of 40 patients with chronic hepatitis C treated with IFNalpha2 b and RBV in 0, 16, 32, 48 wk of the therapy.RESULTS: In chronic hepatitis C, before and during the treatment, the serum levels of MCP-1 and sP-selectin in responders were similar to those of healthy subjects. In nonresponders (NR), MCP-1 increased in the course of IFN(α+RBV treatment, differences were statistically significant as compared to responders. MCP-1 correlated statistically with the activity of periportal inflammation (r= 0.35, P<0.05) but not with staging of liver fibrosis, sICAM-1 positively correlated with inflammatory activity and fibrosis in NR. sP-selectin did not correlate with histological findings in the liver. The MCP-1 correlated with the soluble form of sP-selectin concentrations (r= 6, P<0.001) and with IL-10 level in NR (r = 0.4, P<0.05). There was no correlation observed between the concentration of MCP-1 and sICAM-1, IL-6 during the treatment.CONCLUSION: MCP-1 concentration may be a prognostic marker of the efficacy of IFN+RBV therapy in patients with chronic hepatitis C.

CIRCULATING INTERCELLULAR ADHESION MOLECULE 1 LEVELS IN SERA OF BRONCHIAL ASTHMA

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Ubiquitin Reduces Expression of Intercellular Adhesion Molecules and Tumor Necrosis Factor-α in Lung Tissue of Experimental Acute Lung Injury

Background Intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) and vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) are two important cytokines in inflammatory response, which may induce rolling and adhesion of both leukocytes and lymphocytes, while modulating vascular permeability at the same time. These adhesion molecules usually serve as surrogate markers of activation and injury of vascular endothelial cells. Tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) is a key factor to induce the expression and production of the above cell adhesion molecules. However, it remains to be elucidated whether exogenous ubiquitin exerts any effect on the cytokines in sepsis-induced ALI. Methods Sixty mice were devided randomly into five groups with twelve mice in each group, i.e. CLP group, SHAM group, UB1 group (10 mg/kg), UB2 group (5 mg/kg) and UB3 group(1 mg/kg). Mice of SHAM group underwent sham operation, and other four groups underwent CLP. Six hours after surgery, mice of three UB groups received ubiquitin by caudal vein injection while CLP and SHAM group received vehicle. Seven hours after surgery, blood and lungs of all mice were collected. ICAM-1, VCAM-1 and TNF-α level of 9% lung homogenate and serum TNF-α level were measured by ELISA. Results Pulmonary ICAM-1, VCAM-1 and TNF-α level of three UB groups were lower than CLP and SHAM group, and there were several comparisons with a statistically significant difference. Serum TNF-α level of three UB groups were slightly lower than CLP group, but far higher than SHAM group. Pulmonary ICAM-1 level, VCAM-1 level and serum TNF-α level of UB3 group were lower than UB1 and UB2 group, and there was a significant difference in VCAM-1 between UB3 and UB1 group. Pulmonary TNF-α level of UB3 group was slightly higher than UB1 and UB2 group.

升阳除湿防风汤联合化疗治疗晚期胃癌疗效及对患者血清CA72-4、sICAM-1的影响

目的:观察升阳除湿防风汤联合化疗治疗晚期胃癌患者的临床疗效及血清糖类抗原72-4(CA72-4)、可溶性细胞间黏附分子-1(sICAM-1)变化。方法:选择86例晚期胃癌患者,根据治疗方法将其分为两组,各43例,化疗组给予常规化疗治疗,观察组在化疗组基础上给予升阳除湿防风汤治疗,比较两组客观缓解率(ORR)、疾病控制率(DCR)、中医症状积分、血清CA72-4、sICAM-1水平、T淋巴细胞亚群指标(CD3^(+)、CD4^(+)、CD8^(+)、CD4^(+)/CD8^(+))、不良反应总发生率。结果:观察组ORR、DCR均较化疗组更高(P<0.05)。观察组治疗后畏寒肢冷、脘腹胀满、恶心呕吐、神疲乏力积分均较化疗组更低(P<0.05)。观察组治疗后血清CA72-4、sICAM-1水平均较化疗组更低(P<0.05)。观察组治疗后CD3^(+)、CD4^(+)、CD4^(+)/CD8^(+)均较化疗组更高(P<0.05),CD8^(+)较化疗组更低(P<0.05)。观察组血小板减少、贫血、脱发、恶心、呕吐总发生率与化疗组比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:升阳除湿防风汤联合化疗可有效提高晚期胃癌客观缓解率、疾病控制率,缓解脘腹胀满等症状,改善免疫功能,纠正免疫失衡,降低血清CA72-4、sICAM-1表达量,且未增加不良反应发生率。

温胆汤加减治疗气虚血瘀痰阻型缺血性脑卒中急性期的疗效及对NT-proBNP、ICAM-1和MCP-1的影响研究

目的:探讨温胆汤加减治疗气虚血瘀痰阻型缺血性脑卒中急性期患者的疗效,以及对N末端脑钠肽前体(NT-proBNP)、细胞间黏附分子-1(ICAM-1)和单核细胞趋化蛋白-1(MCP-1)水平的影响。方法:以2021年5月至2022年5月该院收治的气虚血瘀痰阻型缺血性脑卒中急性期患者100例为研究对象,根据随机数字表法分为对照组和观察组,每组50例。对照组患者给予常规治疗,观察组患者在对照组的基础上给予温胆汤加减治疗。比较两组患者的临床疗效,NT-proBNP、ICAM-1和MCP-1水平,美国国立卫生院卒中神经功能缺损评分量表(NIHSS)评分、改良Rankin量表(mRS)评分及中医证候积分。结果:治疗1个月后,观察组患者的总有效率为94.00%(47/50),显著高于对照组的80.00%(40/50),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。治疗1个月后,观察组患者NT-proBNP、ICAM-1和MCP-1水平显著低于对照组,血液流变学各指标(血浆黏度、血低切黏度、血高切黏度、纤维蛋白原和红细胞压积)水平显著低于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。治疗7 d、1个月后,观察组患者的NIHSS评分低于对照组;治疗1个月后,观察组患者的mRS评分、中医证候积分低于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:温胆汤加减治疗气虚血瘀痰阻型缺血性脑卒中急性期患者的效果较好,可显著降低NT-proBNP、ICAM-1和MCP-1水平,促进血液流通和疾病的恢复,提高患者的生活质量。

血清SIRT1、sICAM-1及PD-L1联合检测对难治性弥漫性大B细胞淋巴瘤患者预后的评估效能

目的探讨血清沉默信息调节因子1(SIRT1)、可溶性细胞间黏附分子-1(sICAM-1)及细胞程序性死亡-配体1(PD-L1)联合检测对难治性弥漫性大B细胞淋巴瘤(DLBCL)患者预后的评估效能。方法选取2022年1月至2023年10月在郑州大学第一附属医院诊治的84例难治DLBCL患者作为研究对象,根据治疗后1个月的疾病状态将患者分为预后良好组(57例)和预后不良组(27例),收集患者的一般临床资料;采用酶联免疫吸附法(ELISA)检测患者血清SIRT1、sICAM-1及PD-L1水平;分析血清SIRT1、sICAM-1及PD-L1水平与患者临床特征、治疗效果及预后的关系;采用多因素logistic回归分析,筛选出患者预后不良的影响因素。绘制受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线,计算曲线下面积(AUC),评价血清SIRT1、sICAM-1及PD-L1水平对难治DLBCL患者预后的预测能力。结果预后不良组血清SIRT1、sICAM-1及PD-L1水平均高于预后良好组(P<0.05)。多因素logistic回归分析显示,血清SIRT1、sICAM-1及PD-L1水平是影响难治性DLBCL患者预后不良的独立危险因素(P<0.05);ROC结果显示,血清SIRT1、sICAM-1及PD-L1单独及三者联合预测难治性DLBCL患者预后不良的AUC分别为0.851、0.843、0.924、0.980,且三者联合的预测价值高于单独预测(P<0.05)。结论血清SIRT1、sICAM-1及PD-L1水平可作为难治DLBCL患者预后评估的重要指标,且三者联合检测的效能优于单项检测,对指导临床治疗及监测疾病进展有重要意义。