Interleukin-1 receptor associated kinase 2 is a functional downstream regulator of complement factor D that controls mitochondrial fitness in diabetic cardiomyopathy

Diabetic cardiomyopathy is a disorder of the cardiac muscle that affects patients with diabetes.The exact mechanisms underlying diabetic cardiomyopathy are mostly unknown,but several factors have been implicated in the pathogenesis of the disease and its progression towards heart failure,including endothelial dysfunction,autonomic neuropathy,metabolic alterations,oxidative stress,and alterations in ion homeostasis,especially calcium transients[1].In Military Medical Research,Jiang et al.[2]sought to determine the functional role of complement factor D(Adipsin)in the pathophysiology of diabetic cardiomyopathy.

Evaluating the role of interleukin-2 and interleukin-12 in pediatric patients with concurrent Mycoplasma pneumoniae and Epstein-Barr virus infections

BACKGROUND Mycoplasma pneumoniae(MP)frequently causes respiratory infections in children,whereas Epstein-Barr virus(EBV)typically presents subclinical manifestations in immunocompetent pediatric populations.The incidence of MP and EBV coinfections is often overlooked clinically,with the contributory role of EBV in pulmonary infections alongside MP remaining unclear.AIM To evaluate the serum concentrations of interleukin-2(IL-2)and interleukin-12(IL-12)in pediatric patients with MP pneumonia co-infected with EBV and assess their prognostic implications.METHODS We retrospectively analyzed clinical data from patients diagnosed with MP and EBV co-infection,isolated MP infection,and a control group of healthy children,spanning from January 1,2018 to December 31,2021.Serum IL-2 and IL-12 levels were quantified using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.Logistic regression was employed to identify factors influencing poor prognosis,while receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curves evaluated the prognostic utility of serum IL-2 and IL-12 levels in co-infected patients.RESULTS The co-infection group exhibited elevated serum IL-2 and C-reactive protein(CRP)levels compared to both the MP-only and control groups,with a reverse trend observed for IL-12(P<0.05).In the poor prognosis cohort,elevated CRP and IL-2 levels,alongside prolonged fever duration,contrasted with reduced IL-12 levels(P<0.05).Logistic regression identified elevated IL-2 as an independent risk factor and high IL-12 as a protective factor for adverse outcomes(P<0.05).ROC analysis indicated that the area under the curves for IL-2,IL-12,and their combination in predicting poor prognosis were 0.815,0.895,and 0.915,respectively.CONCLUSION Elevated serum IL-2 and diminished IL-12 levels in pediatric patients with MP and EBV co-infection correlate with poorer prognosis,with combined IL-2 and IL-12 levels offering enhanced predictive accuracy.

Porcine Interleukin-2 Expression in Insect Cells and Its Enhancement of Pig Immunity to Swine Influenza Virus Inactivated Vaccine

Mature porcine interleukin-2 （pIL-2） gene was amplified by PCR from the plasmid pGEM-T-pIL2 and cloned into the baculovirus pFastBacTM Dual vector of the Bac-to-Bac baculovirus expression system under the control of the PH promoter. Recombinant plL-2 （rpIL-2） expressed in Sf9 insect cells was detected by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and immunofluorescence assay. Western blot analysis confirmed that the rpIL-2 protein had a molecular mass of 20 kDa, which was larger than the molecular mass of the mature protein predicted based on its peptide sequence. The rpIL-2 protein induced in vitro proliferation of ConA-stimulated porcine splenocytes and enhanced in vivo protective immune responses induced by vaccinating the pigs with inactivated oil emulsion vaccine against swine influenza virus. The results showed that the rpIL-2 expressed in Sf9 insect cells has immunoenhancement effects; the finding lays the foundation for the preparation of a specific recombinant IL-2 protein and the development of a novel immune adjuvant of vaccines against various infectious porcine pathogens to increase the immunoprotective efficacy of vaccines.

The Role of Cytokine Interleukin-2, Transcription Factor of FoxP3 in the Immunological Regulation of Allergic Rhinitis

Allergic rhinitis (AR) is the inflammation of nasal mucosa due to the type 1 hypersensitivity reactions mediated by immunoglobulin E (IgE) and triggered by certain allergens. The latest concept in allergic disease is the role of regulatory T cells (Treg). Interleukin-2 enhances the function and survival of Treg to perform its function as a controller of effector for forming a tolerant system by suppressing and regulating the homeostasis system. Treg has a transcription factor FoxP3 which plays a role in developing major function of Treg and progression to produce IL-10 and TGF-?. The atopic diseases are caused by a deficiency of Treg. The new perspective is low-dose IL-2 therapy towards autoimmune disease and allergic inflammation. Low-dose IL-2 therapy requires further clinical studies to optimize the dose, time, and the schedule of the IL-2 treatment. FoxP3 has the potential to assist in evaluating the active process of immunological process, which cannot be evaluated by Th1 and Th2 markers, and FoxP3 can be a successful immunotherapy marker.

基于MapReduce和Im2col的并行DCNN优化算法研究

为了提高深度卷积神经网络(DCNN)的图像并行处理能力,提高其图像识别的准确率和运行效率,研究过程以MapReduce并行计算框架和从图像到矩阵(Image to Column,Im2col)算法,分别进行原始图像特征并行提取和筛选、模型并行训练和参数并行更新,构建了并行DCNN优化算法。在性能检测阶段,将全连接神经网络和基于特征图和并行计算熵的深度卷积神经网络算法作为对照组,对比TOP⁃1准确率、浮点运算量、损失函数振荡性、运算时长四项指标,结果显示,此次提出的并行DCNN优化算法性能最佳。

EXPERIMENTAL STUDY ON INTERLEUKIN-6 ACTIVITY AGAINST TUMOR: REGULATION OF INTERLEUKIN-2- INDUCED LAK CELL ACTIVITY

The ability of human recombinant interleukin-6 (IL-6) to regulate the induction and cytotoxic function of lymphokine activated killer (LAK) cells from human fetal spleen was studied. The results showed that IL-6 alone was unably to Induce fetal splenic mononuclear cells (FSMC) to develop functional LAK cells, nor was it able to affect the number of IL-2-induced LAK cells and to alter the lytic activity of LAK cells against tumor cells in effector phase. However, when IL-6 was used in combination with IL-2 during the induction phase , the resulting LAK cells displayed considerably greater lytic, activity than that with IL-2 alone (P<0. 01), and this effect was IL-6 dose-dependent. The possible machanism of the synergistic effect of IL-2 and IL-6 in LAK cell Induction from human fetal spleen is discussed.

SH2-B beta upregulates the expression of interleukin-1 beta in lung and visceral primary afferent neurons in asthmatic mice

A previous study by our research group showed that nerve growth factor is involved in the onset of asthma through regulating SH2-Bβ expression in the lung and visceral primary afferent neurons of asthmatic mice. This study sought to assess the expression level of interleukin-1β in primary afferent neurons in C7-T5 spinal ganglia, spinal cord and lung in asthmatic mice after blockage of SH2-Bβ. The levels of interleukin-1β protein in primary afferent neurons in the C7-T5 spinal ganglia and lung were decreased, and interleukin-1β mRNA expression also down-regulated in the spinal cord, medulla oblongata and lung tissue after blockage of SH2-Bβ. Our findings indicate that SH2-Bβ can upregulate the expression of interleukin-1β in C7-T5 spinal ganglia, spinal cord and lung of asthmatic mice.

Cloning and Bioinformatics Analysis of Interleukin-2 of Sichuan White Goose

[Objective] The study aimed to clone interleukin-2(IL-2) gene from Sichuan white goose. [Method] Based on the IL-2 gene of duck accessed in GenBank, a pair of primers was designed for cloning IL-2 gene from total RNA of peripheral blood lymphocytes of Sichuan white goose stimulated by ConA via RT-PCR technology. The yielded fragment was sequenced for bioinformatics analysis. [Result] The full length of IL-2 gene of Sichuan white goose is 468 bp that contains a 441 bp open reading frame(ORF), encoding 146 amino acid residues. Bioinformatics analysis shows that the amino acid sequence of IL-2 gene of Sichuan white goose contains four phosphorylation sites, a glycosylation site and a signal peptide with 21 amino acid residues. Homologies of IL-2 nucleotide sequence and amino acid sequence between Sichuan white goose and duck, chicken, turkey are 92.7%, 77.5%, 78.2% and 85.8%, 65.5%, 64.1%, respectively. By contrast IL-2 nucleotide sequence and amino acid sequence between Sichuan white goose and mammalian and rodents such as human, monkey, rat, bovine, horse, pig, cat, mouse, rabbit and deer, are all less than 45% and 28%, respectively. [Conclusion] The IL-2 gene of Sichuan white goose has closer genetic relationship with those of chicken and duck.

玉米大斑病菌MAPK基因St IME2的基因组定位、蛋白质结构预测及表达分析

【目的】确定玉米大斑病菌(Setosphaeria turcica)MAPK基因St IME2在基因组中的位置;系统解析目的蛋白质St Ime2的结构特征;分析玉米大斑病菌St IME2在不同发育时期及不同胁迫条件下(温度、氧胁迫、高渗胁迫)的表达,为深入研究该基因的功能奠定基础。【方法】通过本地Blast搜索玉米大斑病菌基因组数据库,确定St IME2在基因组的精确位置;利用Prot Param在线分析St Ime2蛋白的理化性质,利用SOMPA在线软件预测St Ime2蛋白的二级结构。通过PHYRE2在线服务器对St Ime2蛋白的三维结构进行预测。利用半定量RT-PCR方法分析不同发育时期及不同胁迫条件下St IME2的表达。【结果】玉米大斑病菌St IME2为一类与酿酒酵母中Sc IME2具有较高同源性的基因,为在植物病原真菌中鲜有报道的MAPK基因。该基因的ID为98 105,位于scaffold_7正链的1 560 184—1 562 574位置,St Ime2蛋白具有MAPK类蛋白激酶的特征性保守结构域,其二级结构主要以α-螺旋和无规则卷曲为主,β-折叠较少且主要存在于N端,其三级结构具有1个较小的N端域和1个较大的C端域;该基因在病菌分生孢子时期表达量最高,附着胞发育时期表达量最低。将病菌置于不同温度条件下处理,发现培养温度为28℃时St IME2表达量达到最高。在高渗胁迫条件下,随Na Cl浓度的增加,St IME2的表达量逐渐增加,但在较高胁迫条件下(0.8 mol·L-1 Na Cl),该基因表达几乎被完全抑制。经H2O2胁迫处理后,St IME2的表达量随H2O2的浓度增加而增强,在10 mmol·L-1 H2O2的处理下表达量最高。【结论】玉米大斑病菌St IME2位于scaffold_7正链的1 560 184—1 562 574位置。St Ime2蛋白具有MAPK激酶的所有特征性保守结构域,为一类功能鲜有报道的MAPK蛋白激酶。该基因在玉米大斑病菌分生孢子时期表达量最高,推测可能在调控病菌分生孢子发育过程中起重要作用。该基因的表达水平可随培养温度的变化而变化,28℃表达量最高。该基因可能参与病菌的高渗胁迫及氧胁迫反应。

RE(Ala)_4(Im)(ClO_4)_3·2H_2O固体配合物的合成及其红外光谱研究

本文通过稀土高氯酸盐与L-丙氨酸(L-Ala)及咪唑(Im)反应,合成了标题配合物RE(Ala)_4(Im)(ClO_4)_3·2H_2O(RE=Pr,Nd,Sm),测定了配合物的红外光谱,对其主要吸收带进行了归属。红外光谱的研究结果表明,丙氨酸以内盐的形式存在于配合物中,通过羧基与稀土离子配位,且随着RE原子量的增大,羧基与RE^(3+)间配位键离子性逐渐减弱,共价性逐渐增大;咪唑环上的N参与了配位。

新型镧三元配合物La(Glu)(Im)_6(ClO_4)_3·4HClO_4·4H_2O的合成和热化学性质

合成了新型镧三元配合物La(Glu)(Im)6(ClO4)3·4HClO4·4H2O(Glu,谷氨酸;Im,咪唑).用高精度全自动绝热量热仪测定了该配合物晶体80-390K温区的热容,利用实验热容数据,建立了热容随温度变化的多项式方程;根据焓、熵与热容的关系,求出了配合物在80-390K温区内相对于298.15K的标准热力学函数(HT-H298.15)和(ST-S298.15).绝热量热和差示扫描量热(DSC)分析均发现配合物在216和246K附近存在玻璃态和晶型转变,其机理可能是配合物中高氯酸根离子重取向运动.用热重法(TG)检测了配合物的高温热稳定性并提出了可能的热分解机理.

具“2IM+1CM”公共值的亚纯函数的唯一性

本文主要研究两个亚纯函数具有“2 IM+1 CM”公共值的唯一性问题,推广并改进了H.Ue(?)(?), 仪供勋、叶寿桢及作者本人的一系列结果.

Assessment of natural and interleukin-2-induced production of interferon-gamma in patients with liver diseases

AIMS To clarify whether the lower interferon gamma (IFNγ) production by lymphocytes in patients with liver diseases is due to defects of lymphocytes themselves or of other cofactors such as interleukin-2(IL-2). METHODS Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from patients with various liver diseases were cultured with or without PHA and IL-2. The cells were harvested and counted and the su- pernatants were tested for IFNγ by a sensitive and quantitative ABC-ELISA. RESULTS IFNγ was not round in serum samples from patients as well as normal individuals. However,in supernatants of non-in- duced and induced PBMCs,IFN7 was detected by ABC-ELISA. In non-induced PBMCs (group 1),the content of IFNγ in super- natants from control,CAH,CPH and HCC was 8.72 μg/L, 5.03 μg/L,6.02 μg/L and 4.91 μg/L respectively. The pro- duction of IFNγ in liver disease was significantly decreased,com- pared to control. In group 2 in which PBMCs were stimulated with PHA,the content of IFNγ was 22.71,17.12,14.54 and 17.63 μg/L respectively. In group 3 in which PBMCs were in- duced by IL-2,the amount of IFN7 in supernatant from control (60.67 μg/L) was much larger than those from CAH (21.70 μg/ L),CPH (24.00 μg/L) and HCC (19.15 μg/L) (P<0.01). Comparing the amount of IFNγ in group 3 (IL-2-induced) with that in group 1 (non-induced),we found that IFNγ production was en- hanced by nearly 4 folds in liver diseases and by over 7 folds in control,Whereas the number of PBMCs,whether from liver dis- eases or from control,was increased by only approximately 3 folds. CONCLUSIONS The decreased production of IFNγ in liver dis- eases including HCC is mainly due to endogenous defects of lym- phocytes though the defects of stimulating cofactors such as IL-2 may also be involved.

基于P2P的IM软件在学校教育中的应用

基于P2P的即时通讯(IM)软件是上网用户使用频率最高的软件之一。针对目前广泛使用的3种IM软件的特点,结合不同的学习模式进行了探讨,并指出了IM软件在学校教育中应用的优势和存在的一些问题,希望对学校教育应用IM软件有一定的借鉴作用。

基于IMS的DSN P2P流媒体系统

文章介绍了基于IMS的DSN P2P流媒体系统的研究背景,简述了基于IMS的流媒体标准化进展;提出了一种面向电信运营商的可控可管的基于IMS的DSN P2P流媒体系统架构;介绍了系统的测试环境,并通过模型分析评估了DSN P2P流媒体业务对IMS网络的性能影响。

Serum Levels of Interleukin-2 and -10 in Patients with Early Syphilis

Objective: To investigate the roles of interleukin-2(IL-2) and interleukin-10 (IL-10) in pathogenesis ofearly syphilis. Methods: The serum levels of IL-2 and IL-10 in 48patients with early syphilis were detected by ABC-ELISA. Results: (1) The level of IL-2 in the patients withearly syphilis was significantly higher than that inhealthy controls, while that of IL-10 was lower(P<0.001 and P<0.001). (2) The levels of IL-2 and IL-10 were almost identical in patients with primary andsecondary syphilis (P>0.05), as well as between dif-ferent RPR titers (P>0.05). (3) After therapy, the levelof IL-2 decreased markedly (P<0.05), while that of IL-10 increase (p>0.05). (4) A significant correlation wasfound between the serum levels of IL-2 and IL-10 (r=0.5385 P<0.05). Conclusions: Th1 up-regulation occurs in patientswith early syphilis, and plays an active role in fightingagainst TP infection.

分布式IMS系统中P2P群运行机制的研究

在对基于P2P-SIP构建的分布式IMS网络总体架构进行分析论述的基础上,重点对分布式IMS系统中主要网元设备的P2P群组织结构和运行机制进行了深入分析和研究。

IM042—2猜想的再推广

在文[1]中宋庆老师将42届第二题加强并猜想：若0、b、c为正数，λ≥2，则√a^2＋λ（b＋c）^2--a^＋√b^2＋λ（c＋a）^2--b＋√c^2＋λ（a＋b）^2--c≥√4λ＋1--3.猜想已被文[2]证明，本文将其再推广为：

一种基于P2P共享应用的IMS方案设计分析

1方案思路 3GPP提出IP多媒体子系统（IMS）后，网络融合引起人们越来越多的关注，与之相对应的业务也应运而生。随着P2P在Intemet的迅速发展，大量用户也被运营商所吸引。因此，基于IMS的移动网络和Intemet网络的P2P业务系统架构建立一种基于P2P应用的IMS方案，是一种有益的探索。考虑到移动网络的特殊性，本文建议采用半分布式P2P拓扑结构（又称混合式结构），同时借鉴了BitTorrent协议的一些想法和思路。

零中频接收机DC偏移和IM2消除的探讨

由电路的不平衡和非线性引起的直流漂移 (DC offset)及混频器 RF信号泄漏引起的二阶互调干扰 (IM2 )是零中频接收机存在的一个主要问题 ,由于低频干扰信号 IM2的带宽与射频信号的幅度调制特性有关 ,因而很难通过固定的滤波器移除。通过对混频输出中的干扰信号进行估计 ,使用 DSP自适应非线性均衡的方法产生一个矫正信号 ,与混频器输出信号对消 ,以达到消除缓变 DC漂移和 IM2失真的目的。试验结果表明 。