METTL5 promotes cell proliferation,invasion,and migration by up-regulating Toll-like receptor 8 expression in colorectal cancer

BACKGROUND N6-methyladenosine(m6A)modification represents the predominant alteration found in eukaryotic messenger RNA and plays a crucial role in the progression of various tumors.However,despite its significance,the comprehensive investigation of METTL5,a key m6A methyltransferase,in colorectal cancer(CRC)remains limited.AIM To investigate the role of METTL5 in CRC.METHODS We assessed METTL5 expression levels in clinical samples obtained from CRC patients as well as in CRC cell lines.To elucidate the downstream targets of METTL5,we performed RNA-sequencing analysis coupled with correlation analysis,leading us to identify Toll-like receptor 8(TLR8)as a potential downstream target.In vitro functional assessments of METTL5 and TLR8 were conducted using CCK-8 assays,scratch assays,as well as assays measuring cell migration and invasion.RESULTS Our findings reveal a pronounced upregulation of METTL5 expression in both CRC cells and tissues,which correlated significantly with an unfavorable prognosis.In vitro experiments unequivocally demonstrated the oncogenic role of METTL5,as evidenced by its promotion of CRC cell proliferation,invasion,and migration.Notably,we identified TLR8 as a downstream target of METTL5,and subsequent down-regulation of TLR8 led to a significant inhibition of CRC cell proliferation,invasion,and tumor growth.CONCLUSION The heightened expression of METTL5 in CRC is strongly associated with clinicopathological features and a poor prognosis,thereby underscoring its potential utility as a critical marker for facilitating early diagnosis and prognostication in CRC.

Neuroprotective effects of G9a inhibition through modulation of peroxisome-proliferator activator receptor gamma-dependent pathways by miR-128

Dysregulation of G9a,a histone-lysine N-methyltransferase,has been observed in Alzheimer’s disease and has been correlated with increased levels of chronic inflammation and oxidative stress.Likewise,microRNAs are involved in many biological processes and diseases playing a key role in pathogenesis,especially in multifactorial diseases such as Alzheimer’s disease.Therefore,our aim has been to provide partial insights into the interconnection between G9a,microRNAs,oxidative stress,and neuroinflammation.To better understand the biology of G9a,we compared the global microRNA expression between senescence-accelerated mouse-prone 8(SAMP8)control mice and SAMP8 treated with G9a inhibitor UNC0642.We found a downregulation of miR-128 after a G9a inhibition treatment,which interestingly binds to the 3′untranslated region(3′-UTR)of peroxisome-proliferator activator receptor γ(PPARG)mRNA.Accordingly,Pparg gene expression levels were higher in the SAMP8 group treated with G9a inhibitor than in the SAMP8 control group.We also observed modulation of oxidative stress responses might be mainly driven Pparg after G9a inhibitor.To confirm these antioxidant effects,we treated primary neuron cell cultures with hydrogen peroxide as an oxidative insult.In this setting,treatment with G9a inhibitor increases both cell survival and antioxidant enzymes.Moreover,up-regulation of PPARγby G9a inhibitor could also increase the expression of genes involved in DNA damage responses and apoptosis.In addition,we also described that the PPARγ/AMPK axis partially explains the regulation of autophagy markers expression.Finally,PPARγ/GADD45αpotentially contributes to enhancing synaptic plasticity and neurogenesis after G9a inhibition.Altogether,we propose that pharmacological inhibition of G9a leads to a neuroprotective effect that could be due,at least in part,by the modulation of PPARγ-dependent pathways by miR-128.

炎性因子IL-8、PCT、IL-2R与严重细菌性颅内感染GCS评分的关系及预测预后的价值

目的分析严重细菌性颅内感染患者炎性因子白介素-8(IL-8)、降钙素原(PCT)、白介素-2受体(IL-2R)与格拉斯哥昏迷量表(GCS)评分的关系,并探讨其预测预后的价值。方法前瞻性选取2020年1月至2023年1月平顶山市第一人民医院收治的80例严重颅内感染患者作为研究对象,根据GCS评分分为轻中度组(9~14分)32例和重度组(≤8分)48例。比较两组患者的GCS评分和血清IL-8、PCT、IL-2R水平,采用Pearson相关系数分析血清IL-8、PCT、IL-2R水平与GCS评分的相关性,并以格拉斯哥预后量表(GOS)评估预后情况,比较预后良好、预后不良患者的临床资料和血清IL-8、PCT、IL-2R水平,通过Lasso回归筛选预后不良的预测因素,采用受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线分析血清IL-8、PCT、IL-2R预测预后不良的价值,并比较含与不含血清IL-8、PCT、IL-2R预测方案对预后不良的预测能力。结果重度组患者入院时血清IL-8、PCT、IL-2R水平分别为(35.12±4.26)pg/mL、(11.83±2.26)pg/mL、(912.35±105.83)U/m L,明显高于轻中度组的(26.74±3.81)pg/m L、(8.49±2.03)pg/m L、(749.21±92.56)U/m L,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);Pearson相关系数分析结果显示,严重细菌性颅内感染患者入院时的血清IL-8、PCT、IL-2R水平与GCS评分呈负相关(P<0.05);预后不良患者的年龄、机械通气占比、糖尿病占比、感染至入院时间、入院时血清IL-8、PCT、IL-2R水平分别为(65.13±7.26)岁、67.57%、27.03%、(38.05±4.17)h、(40.12±4.81)pg/m L、(12.67±2.59)pg/m L、(951.46±121.49)U/mL,明显高于预后良好患者的(56.39±6.41)岁、41.86%、9.30%、(26.92±3.46)h、(24.59±3.95)pg/mL、(8.61±2.24)pg/mL、(757.28±97.28)U/mL,入院时GCS评分为(6.72±0.39)分,明显低于预后良好患者的(10.81±0.82)分,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);经Lasso回归分析结果显示,年龄、感染至入院时间、GCS评分、血清IL-8、PCT、IL-2R水平均为预后不良的预测因素(P<0.05);经ROC分析结果显示,血清IL-8、PCT、IL-2R预测预后不良的曲线下面积(AUC)分别为0.729、0.717、0.719;含炎性因子预测方案的AUC为0.933,不含炎性因子预测方案的AUC为0.811;经DeLong检验结果显示,与不含炎性因子预测方案比较,含炎性因子预测方案的AUC明显增大(P<0.05),净重新分类指数(NRI)、综合判别改善指数(IDI)均>0(P<0.05)。结论严重细菌性颅内感染患者血清IL-8、PCT、IL-2R水平与GCS评分存在明显负相关,且与预后转归密切相关,可为临床预测预后提供参考。

NapA蛋白诱导巨噬细胞分泌趋化因子单核细胞趋化蛋白1和白细胞介素8的机制

目的:研究幽门螺杆菌NapA蛋白诱导巨噬细胞分泌趋化因子单核细胞趋化蛋白1(monocyte chemoattractant protein-1,MCP-1)和白细胞介素8(interleukin-8,IL-8)的机制。方法:利用NapA蛋白处理巨噬细胞,然后使用ELISA法检测上清中MCP-1和IL-8的表达量。使用C29、ST2825、SB203580、SP600125以及PDTC和巨噬细胞预先共孵育1 h,分别抑制Toll样受体2(toll-like receptors 2,TLR2)、髓样分化因子(myeloid differentiation factor 88,MyD88)、核糖核酸酶p蛋白亚基p38(ribonuclease p-protein subunit p38,p38)、应激活化蛋白激酶(c-Jun N-terminal kinase,c-Jun)和核因子κB(nuclear factor kappa B,NF-κB)的活性,然后再加入NapA蛋白孵育4 h,收集上清并检查其中MCP-1和IL-8的表达量。结果:NapA蛋白刺激巨噬细胞后,MCP-1和IL-8的表达量明显高于未处理组。利用抑制剂C29抑制TLR2的活性,NapA蛋白诱导的MCP-1和IL-8表达量降低。使用ST2825、PDTC以及SB203580分别抑制MyD88、NF-κB以及p38的活性,能够降低NapA蛋白诱导巨噬细胞分泌MCP-1和IL-8的能力,但是抑制c-Jun不影响NapA蛋白诱导巨噬细胞分泌MCP-1和IL-8。结论:幽门螺杆菌NapA蛋白通过TLR2/MyD88/NF-κB通路诱导巨噬细胞分泌MCP-1和IL-8。

Lactobacilli inhibit interleukin-8 production induced by Helicobacter pylori lipopolysaccharide-activated Toll-like receptor 4

AIM: To investigate the effect of Lactobacillus bulgaricus (LBG) on the Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) pathway and interleukin-8 (IL-8) production in SGC-7901 cells treated with Helicobacter pyloriSydney strain 1 lipopolysaccharide (HpyloriSS1-LPS). METHODS: SGC-7901 cells were treated with Hpylori SS1-LPS in the presence or absence of pretreatment for 1 h with viable LBG or supernatant recovered from LBG culture MRS broth (LBG-S). Cellular lysates were prepared for Western blot with anti-TLR4, anti-transforming growth factor β-activated kinase 1 (TAK1), anti-phospho-TAK1, anti-nuclear factor κB (NF-κB), anti-p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38MAPK), and anti-phospho-p38MAPK antibodies. The amount of IL-8 in cell culture medium was measured by ELISA. RESULTS: H pylori SS1-LPS up-regulated the expression of TLR4, stimulated the phosphorylation of TAK1, subsequently enhanced the activation of NF- κB and the phosphorylation of p38MAPK in a time- dependent manner, leading to augmentation of IL-8 production in SGC-7901 cells. Viable LBG or LBG-S pretreatment attenuated the expression of TLR4, inhibited the phosphorylation of TAK1 and p38MAPK, prevented the activation of NF-κB, and consequently blocked IL-8 production.CONCLUSION: H pylori SS1-LPS induces IL-8 production through activating TLR4 signaling in SGC-7901 cells and viable LBG or LBG-S prevents H pyloriSS1-LPS-mediated IL-8 production via inhibition of the TLR4 pathway.

平喘宁调节TRPM8通道相关蛋白干预寒性哮喘大鼠气道炎症的机制研究

目的探究冷刺激对哮喘大鼠气道炎症的影响以及平喘宁对寒性哮喘大鼠气道炎症的治疗作用及机制。方法将72只大鼠随机分成正常组,卵清蛋白(ovalbumin,OVA)组,模型组(OVA+冷刺激),平喘宁低、中、高剂量组,桂龙咳喘宁组以及地塞米松组,每组9只。除正常组外,其余各组大鼠采用OVA或OVA联合冷刺激建立哮喘及寒性哮喘大鼠模型,模型复制完成后,分别给予生理盐水及对应药液灌胃21 d。观察记录各组大鼠的一般行为学情况;采用HE染色检测大鼠肺组织病理变化;ELISA法检测支气管肺泡灌洗液(bronchoalveolar lavage fluid,BALF)中白细胞介素(interleukin,IL)-1β、IL-6和胸腺基质淋巴细胞生成素(thymic stromal lymphopoietin,TSLP)水平;Western blot法检测瞬时受体电位美拉塔素8(transient receptor potential melastatin subtype 8,TRPM8)、粒细胞—巨噬细胞集落刺激因子(granule macrophage-colony stimulating factor,GM-CSF)、TSLP蛋白表达水平。结果与正常组比较,OVA组、模型组大鼠均出现呼吸急促、腹部收缩明显等行为学表现;病理结果显示支气管管壁增厚、肺组织及支气管周围可见大量炎症细胞浸润;BALF中IL-1β、IL-6、TSLP水平显著升高(P<0.05);肺组织TRPM8、GM-CSF、TSLP蛋白表达水平显著升高(P<0.05)。与模型组比较,平喘宁可改善大鼠的行为学表现,减轻支气管管壁增厚、肺组织及支气管周围炎症细胞浸润,显著降低大鼠BALF中IL-1β、IL-6、TSLP水平(P<0.05),显著降低肺组织TRPM8、GM-CSF、TSLP蛋白表达水平(P<0.05)。结论冷刺激会加重哮喘大鼠气道炎症反应,平喘宁可能通过调控寒性哮喘大鼠TRPM8及相关蛋白表达水平,减轻寒性哮喘大鼠气道炎症反应,进而达到治疗哮喘的作用。

CCR8在肿瘤免疫治疗中的研究进展

目前针对肿瘤的治疗方法不断进步,免疫治疗已成为遏制肿瘤进展的有效手段。但目前的免疫治疗仍有局限性,只有较少的一部分特定患者可以从免疫治疗中完全获益。由于复杂的肿瘤微环境取决于不同的个体,所以免疫靶向药物在不同的肿瘤微环境中会受到不同程度的免疫抑制,从而无法发挥全部作用。在肿瘤微环境中,调节性T(regulatory T,Treg)细胞起到免疫抑制的作用,在许多瘤种中Treg细胞大量浸润从而造成肿瘤组织的免疫逃逸,会对治疗和预后产生不良影响。CC族趋化因子受体8(CC chemokine receptor 8,CCR8)属于CC族趋化因子受体家族,其主要在肿瘤微环境中的Treg细胞上特异性高表达,而在周围正常组织和外周血中低表达,因此CCR8可以作为Treg细胞的一种特异性标志物,是一种有潜力的治疗靶点和生物标志物。本文对近年来CCR8在不同瘤种中的研究进展进行了归纳和总结,以期为后续研究提供参考。

骨髓微环境中CXC趋化因子配体8介导急性髓系白血病发生、发展的调控机制与临床意义

目的:通过检测不同病情阶段急性髓系白血病(AML)患者CXC趋化因子配体8(CXCL8)的水平变化,分析其与AML患者临床病情及预后的关联性,探索骨髓微环境中CXCL8对白血病发生、发展及恶性生物学行为的调控机制,为AML的基础研究和临床诊治提供借鉴与参考。方法:收集不同病情阶段AML患者骨髓标本,采用ELISA检测CXCL8含量;利用实时荧光定量PCR(qRT-PCR)检测不同AML细胞系中CXCL8特异性受体CXCR1/2表达情况;选取U937细胞为AML疾病模型,给予不同浓度外源性rCXCL8干预U937细胞,观察细胞形态学变化,并利用CCK-8法检测细胞增殖,qRT-PCR检测CXCR1/2表达变化;将初诊AML患者BM-MSC与U937细胞共培养,ELISA检测共培养体系CXCL8变化差异;Annexin V/PI双染流式细胞术分别检测rCXCL8、anti-CXCL8对U937细胞凋亡的影响,Western blot揭示其间伴随的分子机制。结果:初诊及复发AML患者CXCL8水平显著高于健康者(P<0.05),复发阶段CXCL8水平显著高于其他病情阶段(P<0.01),而与健康者相比,CR阶段且无感染的AML患者CXCL8水平差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。BM-MSC与U937细胞共培养体系中CXCL8含量及其共培养体系下U937细胞CXCL8 mRNA水平均显著高于未加入BM-MSC的单培养Mono组(P<0.05)。利用rCXCL8干预U937细胞可通过上调Bcl-2表达并下调Bax表达促进细胞增殖,并上调CXCL8特异性受体CXCR1/2表达。通过拮抗CXCL8(anti-CXCL8)后,上调Bax表达并下调Bcl-2表达同时抑制ERK1/2信号通路活化水平诱发U937细胞凋亡。结论:CXCL8与AML病情、预后转归密切相关,是AML患者疾病进展、预后评估的有效监测指标。骨髓微环境中CXCL8是介导白血病细胞恶性增殖、免疫逃逸的重要趋化因子,通过拮抗CXCL8可诱导U937细胞发生凋亡,其机制可能与Bcl-2家族蛋白表达变化、抑制ERK1/2信号通路活化水平有关。

CCR8在卵巢癌浸润性Treg上的表达与意义

目的:分析趋化因子受体8(C⁃C motif chemokine receptor 8,CCR8)在卵巢癌肿瘤浸润性调节性T细胞(regulatory T cell,Treg)中的表达,探讨CCR8对Treg分化的作用。方法:构建C57BL/6小鼠卵巢癌细胞ID8荷瘤模型;流式细胞术检测小鼠肿瘤组织、脾脏和外周血中Treg上CCR8的表达比例,CCR8^(+)Treg上免疫检查点相关蛋白程序性细胞死亡蛋白1(programmed cell death protein 1,PD⁃1)、细胞素性T淋巴细胞抗原4(cytotoxic T⁃lymphocyte antigen 4,CTLA⁃4)、可诱导的T细胞共刺激分子(inducible T cell costimulators,ICOS)、淋巴细胞激活基因3(lymphocyte activation gene 3,LAG⁃3)的表达;流式细胞术检测CCR8变构抑制剂AZ084加入前后对C57BL/6小鼠脾脏中初始CD4^(+)T细胞向Treg分化的影响。结果:卵巢癌荷瘤小鼠肿瘤中Treg上的CCR8表达相比脾脏、外周血的Treg显著增高;相比CCR8^(-)Treg,CCR8^(+)Treg上免疫检查点相关蛋白表达更高;AZ084有效抑制小鼠脾脏中初始CD4^(+)T细胞向Treg的分化。结论:CCR8^(+)Treg在肿瘤浸润性Treg中占主要比例,CCR8作为卵巢癌浸润性Treg的主要标志物,变构CCR8蛋白可以抑制Treg的分化。靶向消除CCR8^(+)Treg可为改善卵巢癌肿瘤微环境的免疫抑制状态提供新思路。

BRAF、TP53、Pax8-PPARγ在甲状腺癌中的表达及疗效预测价值

目的探讨肿瘤蛋白P53(TP53)、丝氨酸/苏氨酸蛋白激酶(BRAF)、配对盒基因8-过氧化物酶体增殖物激活受体γ(Pax8-PPARγ)在甲状腺癌中的表达及疗效预测价值。方法将2020年4月至2022年4月该院收治的150例甲状腺癌患者纳入研究。检测患者甲状腺癌组织及癌旁组织中TP53、BRAF、Pax8-PPARγmRNA的表达水平,分析其与临床病理因素的关系,基于受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线及决策曲线分析TP53、BRAF、Pax8-PPARγmRNA表达水平预测^(131)I治疗效果的价值。结果甲状腺癌组织中的TP53、BRAF、Pax8-PPARγmRNA表达水平高于癌旁组织(P<0.05)。甲状腺癌患者淋巴结转移、肿瘤最大径、包膜浸润与TP53、BRAF、Pax8-PPARγmRNA表达水平有关(P<0.05)。采用放射性^(131)I清除术后残留的甲状腺组织(简称清甲)失败患者组织TP53、BRAF、Pax8-PPARγmRNA表达水平均高于清甲成功患者(P<0.05)。ROC曲线分析显示,TP53、BRAF、Pax8-PPARγmRNA联合预测甲状腺癌患者清甲失败的曲线下面积优于三者单独预测(P<0.05)。决策曲线显示,三者联合预测甲状腺癌清甲失败发生的净收益率优于单一预测(P<0.05)。结论TP53、BRAF、Pax8-PPARγ在甲状腺癌组织中呈高表达,联合检测有助于预测^(131)I治疗效果,为临床确定合理治疗方案及时机提供参考。

冰片通过TRPM8减轻小鼠心肌梗死后炎症反应并抑制心脏重构

目的:研究冰片(borneol)对小鼠心肌梗死(myocardial infarction,MI)后炎症反应和心脏重构的作用及可能机制。方法:8周龄野生型(wild-type,WT)C57BL/6小鼠和瞬时受体电位阳离子通道M亚家族成员8(transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily M member 8,TRPM8)基因敲除(TRPM8 gene knockout,TRPM8−/−)小鼠随机分为假手术组和MI组,再分别用生理盐水(对照组)或冰片(冰片组)灌胃。绘制小鼠MI后生存曲线,28 d后超声心动图检测心脏功能,多导生理记录仪测量血流动力学参数,病理染色观察MI面积、心肌肥大和间质纤维化,并检测梗死交界区心肌中炎症反应情况。结果:在WT小鼠中,梗死交界区心肌组织中TRPM8表达显著增加(P<0.05),冰片对心脏中TRPM8表达无影响(P>0.05),但可提高小鼠生存率,缩小MI面积,抑制MI后心脏重构,改善心脏功能(P<0.05或P<0.01);在TRPM8−/−小鼠中,冰片对小鼠生存率、MI面积、心肌肥大、心肌纤维化和心脏功能未见明显影响(P>0.05)。在WT小鼠中,冰片可减少中性粒细胞和巨噬细胞的浸润(P<0.01),抑制炎症因子肿瘤坏死因子α(tumor necrosis factor-α,TNF-α)、白细胞介素1β(interleukin-1β,IL-1β)、IL-6和单核细胞趋化蛋白1(monocyte chemotactic protein-1,MCP-1)过度表达(P<0.05或P<0.01);而在TRPM8−/−小鼠中,冰片对炎症细胞数量和炎症因子表达未见明显影响(P>0.05)。结论:TRPM8可能是冰片在心脏的作用靶点;冰片可能通过TRPM8减轻MI后炎症反应和抑制心脏重构,改善小鼠MI后的心脏功能。

NLRC4、DPP3、Caspase-8在脓毒症心肌损伤诊断及预后评估中的价值

目的:探讨核苷酸结合寡聚化结构域样受体蛋白4(NLRC4)、二肽基肽酶Ⅲ(DPP3)、半胱氨酸天冬氨酸蛋白水解酶-8(Caspase-8)对脓毒症心肌损伤的诊断和预后评估价值。方法:选取本院收治的133例脓毒症患者为研究对象,根据是否合并心肌损分为心肌损伤组(44例)和非心肌损伤组(89例),根据患者预后将心肌损伤患者分为存活组(28例)和死亡组(16例),比较不同组间NLRC4、DPP3、Caspase-8水平;并分析心肌损伤组NLRC4、DPP3、Caspase-8水平与氨基末端脑钠肽前体(NT-proBNP)、心肌肌钙蛋白(cTnI)、肌酸激酶同工酶(CK-MB)水平的相关性。ROC曲线分析NLRC4、DPP3、Caspase-8对心肌损伤的诊断和预后评估价值。结果:与非心肌损伤组比较,心肌损伤组患者NLRC4、DPP3、Caspase-8水平升高,与存活组比较,死亡组NLRC4、DPP3、Caspase-8水平升高(P<0.05),且NLRC4、DPP3、Caspase-8水平与NT-proBNP、cTnI、CK-MB水平均呈正相关(P<0.05);ROC曲线分析结果显示,NLRC4、DPP3、Caspase-8单独及联合检测诊断心肌损伤的AUC均>0.8,评估患者预后的AUC均>0.7。结论:NLRC4、DPP3、Caspase-8与脓毒症心肌损伤密切相关,且三者在心肌损伤的诊断及预后评估中均具有一定临床参考价值。

趋化因子受体8和调节性T细胞在三阴性乳腺癌组织中的表达及其临床意义

目的:探讨三阴性乳腺癌(triple-negative breast cancer, TNBC)组织中趋化因子受体8(chemokine receptor 8,CCR8)及调节性T细胞(regulatory T cells, Tregs)的表达及其临床意义。方法:以叉头翼状转录因子(transcription factor forkhead box P3 protein, Foxp3)作为Tregs的分子标记,应用免疫组织化学方法检测90例TNBC及30例癌旁组织标本中CCR8及Foxp3的表达情况,并对其表达水平与TNBC患者临床病理特征及预后的关联加以分析,同时研究二者的表达之间是否存在相关性,应用多因素Cox回归分析模型探讨影响TNBC患者的预后因素。结果:CCR8和Foxp3^(+)Tregs在TNBC组织中的表达均显著高于癌旁组织(均P<0.001)。在TNBC组织中CCR8和Foxp3^(+)Tregs的表达与TNM分期和淋巴结转移显著相关(均P<0.05),在TNM分期晚、有淋巴结转移的患者中CCR8和Foxp3^(+)Tregs表达明显升高,而与患者的年龄、肿瘤大小、组织学分级无关(均P>0.05)。TNBC组织中CCR8和Foxp3^(+)Tregs的表达成正相关(r=0.278,P<0.05)。截止至末次随访时间,CCR8阴性组的5年无病生存率(DFS)和总生存率(OS)均高于CCR8阳性组,两组间差异具有统计学意义(P <0.05)。Foxp3^(+)Tregs阴性组的5年DFS率和OS率也均高于Foxp3^(+)Tregs阳性组,但两组间差异无统计学意义(P> 0.05)。Kaplan-Meier生存曲线表明,CCR8与Foxp3^(+)Tregs双阴性表达患者的生存明显优于双阳性表达的患者,但本研究中两组间差异无统计学意义(P> 0.05)。多因素Cox回归模型表明TNM分期、CCR8的表达是影响TNBC预后的独立因素(P <0.05)。结论:CCR8和Foxp3^(+)Tregs在TNBC中均呈高表达,二者表达成正相关,并且均与不良预后有关。CCR8的表达是患者预后不良的独立影响因素,可能成为TNBC的新型预后标志物,为TNBC的免疫治疗策略提供新思考。

Plasma levels of tumor necrotic factor-alpha and interleukin-6, -8 during orthotopic liver transplantation and their relations to postoperative pulmonary complications

BACKGROUND: Pulmonary complications after orthoto- pic liver transplantation (OLT) include high morbidity and mortality. Experimental data have suggested hepatic ische- mia and reperfusion are induced by pro-inflammatory cyto- kines. The high level of inflammatory cytokines might ad- ditionally influence pulmonary cappillary fluid filtration. The objectives of this study were to measure the concentra- tions of tumor necrotic factor-alpha (TNF-α), interleukin- 6 (IL-6) and interleukin-8 (IL-8) during OLT and to in- vestigate the relationship between these cytokines and post- operative pulmonary complications. METHODS: Twenty-two patients undergoing OLT were divided into two groups according to whether they had postoperative pulmonary complications: group A consis- ting of 8 patients with postoperative pulmonary complica- tions , and group B consisting of 14 patients without post- operative pulmonary complications. Enzyme-linked im- munoassay (ELISA) was used to determine serum TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-8. Blood samples were taken at the beginning of operation (T0 ), clamping and cross-clamping of the in- ferior cava and portal vein (T1, T2 ), 90 minutes and 3 hours after reperfusion (T3 , T4 ) and 24 hours after opera- tion (T5). RESULTS: The level of PaO2/FiO2 in group A was lower than that in group B ( P <0. 05 ). The concentrations of TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-8 in the two groups increased rapidly at T2 , peaked at T3 , decreased rapidly after T3 until 24 hours after operation. The concentrations of TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-8 in group A were higher than those in group B at T2, T3, and T4(P<0.05). CONCLUSION: After un-clamping of the inferior cava and portal vein, the serum concentrations of TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-8 increased may be related to pulmonary injury after he- patic ischemic reperfusion.

Helicobacter pylori and interleukin-8 in gastric cancer

Helicobacter pylori(H.pylori)is a major etiological factor in the development of gastric cancer.Large-scale epidemiological studies have confirmed the strong association between H.pylori infection and both cancer development and progression.Interleukin-8(IL-8)is overexpressed in gastric mucosa exposed to H.pylori.The expression of IL-8 directly correlates with a poor prognosis in gastric cancer.IL-8 is multifunctional.In addition to its potent chemotactic activity,it can induce proliferation and migration of cancer cells.In this review,we focus on recent insights into the mechanisms of IL-8 signaling associated with gastric cancer.The relationship between IL-8 and H.pylori is discussed.We also summarize the current therapeutics against IL-8 in gastric cancer.

Xiaotan Sanjie decoction inhibits interleukin-8-induced metastatic potency in gastric cancer

AIM:To investigate the interaction between Xiaotan Sanjie(XTSJ) decoction and interleukin-8(IL-8) and its effect on adhesion,migration and invasion of SGC-7901 gastric cancer cells.METHODS:SGC-7901 gastric cancer cells were exposed to serum containing XTSJ decoction and/orIL-8(1 ng/m L).SGC-7901 cell adhesion to fibronectin,an extracellular matrix component,was detected using the Cell Counting Kit-8.Migration and invasion abilities of SGC-7901 cells were detected by scratch wound and Transwell chamber assays.Then,protein(immunofluorescence and Western blot) and m RNA levels(quantitative polymerase chain reaction) of cluster of differentiation 44(CD44),a cell adhesion molecule,were measured in 72-h-cultured SGC-7901 cells.RESULTS:Cell adhesion was promoted by IL-8(P = 0.001),but was inhibited by XTSJ decoction(P = 0.0001).Similarly,IL-8 promoted SGC-7901 cell invasion(P = 0.003),and XTSJ decoction inhibited cell invasion(P = 0.001).IL-8 induced SGC-7901 cell migration,but this was inhibited by XTSJ decoction.IL-8 up-regulated CD44 protein(P = 0.028) and m RNA expression(P = 0.002),whereas XTSJ decoction inhibited CD44 protein expression(P = 0.0001),but not m RNA expression(P = 0.275).An interaction between XTSJ decoction and IL-8 was confirmed in the invasion(P = 0.001) and CD44 m RNA expression of SGC-7901 cells(P = 0.010),but not in cell adhesion(P = 0.051).CONCLUSION:XTSJ decoction may inhibit adhesion,migration and invasion of gastric cancer cells,which is partly associated with down-regulation of IL-8.

Interleukin-22 receptor 1 is expressed in multinucleated giant cells:A study on intestinal tuberculosis and Crohn’s disease

BACKGROUND It is challenging to distinguish intestinal tuberculosis from Crohn’s disease due to dynamic changes in epidemiology and similar clinical characteristics. Recent studies have shown that polymorphisms in genes involved in the interleukin (IL)- 23/IL-17 axis may affect intestinal mucosal immunity by affecting the differentiation of Th17 cells. AIM To investigate the specific single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in genes involved in the IL-23/IL-17 axis and possible pathways that affect susceptibility to intestinal tuberculosis and Crohn's disease. METHODS We analysed 133 patients with intestinal tuberculosis, 128 with Crohn’s disease, and 500 normal controls. DNA was extracted from paraffin-embedded specimens or whole blood. Four SNPs in the IL23/Th17 axis (IL22 rs2227473, IL1β rs1143627, TGFβ rs4803455, and IL17 rs8193036) were genotyped with TaqMan assays. The transcriptional activity levels of different genotypes of rs2227473 were detected by dual luciferase reporter gene assay. The expression of IL-22R1 in different intestinal diseases was detected by immunohistochemistry. RESULTS The A allele frequency of rs2227473 (P = 0.030, odds ratio = 0.60, 95% confidence interval: 0.37-0.95) showed an abnormal distribution between intestinal tuberculosis and healthy controls. The presence of the A allele was associated with a higher IL-22 transcriptional activity (P < 0.05). In addition, IL-22R1 was expressed in intestinal lymphoid tissues, especially under conditions of intestinal tuberculosis, and highly expressed in macrophage-derived Langhans giant cells. The results of immunohistochemistry showed that the expression of IL-22R1 in patients with Crohn's disease and intestinal tuberculosis was significantly higher than that in patients with intestinal polyps and colon cancer (P < 0.01). CONCLUSION High IL-22 expression seems to be a protective factor for intestinal tuberculosis. IL-22R1 is expressed in Langhans giant cells, suggesting that the IL-22/IL-22R1 system links adaptive and innate immunity.

Changes in soluble interleukin-2 receptor level in serum and Na^+ -K^+ -exchanging ATPase activity in semen of infertile men caused by antisperm antibody

Aim: To explore the possible mechanisms of male infertility caused by antisperm antibody (AsAb). Methods: Thesoluble interleukin-2 receptor (sIL-2R) level in serum was analyzed by ELISA and Na^+ -K^+ -exchanging ATPase activi-ty in semen by phosphorus (Pi) assay. Results: The slL-2R level in serum was significantly higher and the Na^+ -K^+ -exchanging ATPase activity in semen significantly lower in AsAb positive infertile men when compared with thecontrols. Conclusion: The AsAb titer varies with the slL-2R level in serum. A decrease in Na^+ -K^+ -exchangingATPase activity in semen may play a role in male infertility caused by AsAb.

Production of interleukin-1β related to mammalian target of rapamycin/Toll-like receptor 4 signaling pathway during Aspergillus fumigatus infection of the mouse cornea

AIM：To elucidate the effect of rapamycin on regulating the production of interleukin（IL）-1β in Aspergillus fumigatus（A.fumigatus）-induced keratitis and to verify whether the expression of IL-1β in A.fumigatus keratitis is associated with the mammalian target of rapamycin（mT OR）/Toll-like receptor 4（TLR4） signaling pathway.METHODS：Fungal keratitis mouse models of susceptible C57 BL/6 mice were established using A.fumigatus.The mice were subsequently treated with rapamycin.The protein levels of p-mT OR,TLR4,and IL-1β in normal and infected corneal tissue were measured by Western blot.The TLR4 and IL-1β m RNA levels were determined by real-time polymerase chain reaction（PCR）.RESULTS：In C57 BL/6 mice,rapamycin treatment decreased the clinical scores and production of the pro-inflammatory cytokine,IL-1β.The expression of TLR4,stimulated by A.fumigatus,was reduced as well when the mT OR signaling pathway was suppressed by rapamycin.CONCLUSION：Rapamycin is beneficial for the outcome of fungal keratitis and has an inhibitory effect expression of the inflammatory cytokine IL-1β.The inhibitory effect on IL-1β expression can be associated with the mT OR/TLR4 signaling pathway in A.fumigatus infection in mice.

Diagnostic value of interleukin-8 in colorectal cancer:A case-control study and meta-analysis

AIM:To assess the diagnostic value of serum interleukin-8(IL-8)in the detection of colorectal cancer(CRC).METHODS:An original study was conducted to explore the potential value of IL-8 in CRC diagnosis.Receiver operating characteristic(ROC)analysis was performed and the area under the curve(AUC)value was calculated.PUBMED and EMBASE were searched(to October,2013),supplemented with manual screening for relevant publications.Meta-analysis methods were applied to pool sensitivity,specificity,positive and negative likelihood ratios,and diagnostic odds ratios and to construct a summary receiver-operating characteristic(s ROC)curve.Heterogeneity across studies was checked by the I2 test and Deek’s funnel plot method was applied to test publication bias.RESULTS:In our original study,serum IL-8 yielded an AUC of 0.742[95%CI:0.635-0.849].The sensitivity and specificity were 85.42%and 54.05%,respectively,at a cut-off value of 5.39.In this meta-analysis,we included five studies with 668 CRC patients and 374controls and one study in our own center with 48 CRC patients and 37 controls.The pooled sensitivity and specificity of IL-8 were 0.69(95%CI:0.42-0.87)and0.85(95%CI:0.68-0.94)for CRC detection.Besides,the area under the s ROC curve was 0.86(95%CI:0.82-0.88).Subgroup analysis suggested that there was no heterogeneity in the Asian subgroup but some in the European subgroup.In addition,no publication bias was found according to the Deek’s funnel plot asymmetry test.CONCLUSION:Serum IL-8 is a promising biomarker for CRC detection and may become a clinically useful tool to identify high-risk patients.