Research Progress of Traditional Chinese Medicine External Treatment for Cancer Pain

Cancer pain,as a common complication in patients with malignant tumors,is regarded as the fifth vital sign.The involvement of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)in the treatment of malignant tumors has become a distinctive feature of oncology treatment in China.It is also an important component of cancer pain management.TCM analgesic treatments include various methods,such as internal medicine and external therapies.External analgesic therapies,in particular,are significant methods in TCM pain management and offer both local treatment and systemic regulation.These methods are simple,easy to perform,and non-invasive.They can enhance pain relief effects while reducing the difficulty of oral medication intake and avoiding adverse gastrointestinal reactions,providing new perspectives and approaches for cancer pain treatment with broad development prospects.This article provides a review of the external TCM therapies for cancer pain to share with peers in the field.

Current Research Status of Traditional Chinese Medicine External Treatment for Diarrhea Type Irritable Bowel Syndrome

Irritable bowel syndrome(IBS-D)with diarrhea is a common gastrointestinal functional disease in clinical practice,which seriously affects the quality of life of patients.Cur‐rently,Western medicine has poor therapeutic effects,while traditional Chinese medi‐cine has unique advantages in relieving IBS-D symptoms and preventing recurrence.In recent years,especially with external treatment of traditional Chinese medicine,it has become a new treatment direction in clinical practice and has achieved good therapeutic effects.This article will provide a review of recent research on the treatment of IBS-D using traditional Chinese medicine external treatment methods.

The Method of Combining Internal and External Treatment of Ulcerative Colitis in Chinese Medicine

Traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)believes that the main pathogenesis of ulcerative colitis is spleen deficiency;damp heat in the large intestine as the symptom,the treatment must be warming,clearing,eliminating,tonifying,astringing concurrently.From the concept of combining holism and the local treatment in TCM,idea of combining internal and external treatment is adopted.That is,the external treatment follows the therapeutic principle of using herbs with a bitter and cold nature to eliminate stagnation,and the seven carbon decoction,which can clear heat and dampness,cool the blood,and stop dysentery,is used as a rectal drip to retain the enema.Internal treatment follows the therapeutic principle of warmly tonifying and cultivating vital qi,with oral Chinese herbal medicine named Maodie Tang to strengthen the spleen and tonify the kidney,clearing heat and inducing dampness.

The use of traditional Chinese medicine internally and externally combined with auricular acupuncture point bloodletting in the treatment of vulvar leukoplakia

Vulvar leukoplakia refers to the chronic disease of degeneration and hypopigmentation of the skin and mucous membrane of the vulva with unbearable itching in women, seriously affecting the quality of life. The main treatment of western medicine for vulvar leukoplakia is the external use of glucocorticoids or estrogen, resulting to the high recurrence rate and side effects. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has the characteristics of the overall concept and dialectical treatment with a variety of ways. Literature review in recent years found that the treatment of TCM decoction combined with external therapies, such as external fumigation, acupuncture and other treatments, or the combination of TCM decoction and external western medicine hormone ointment, can obtain good effects in vulvar leukoplakia. During the clinical practice, we found that the use of TCM internally and externally combined with auricular acupuncture point bloodletting was highly effective with unique advantages in the treatment of vulvar leukoplakia, providing the ideas guidance for clinicians.

A systemaic review and meta-analysis of traditional Chinese medicine in the treatment of chronic cough

Objective: To systematically evaluate the safety and efficacy of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) in the treatment of chronic cough. Methods: Databases CNKI, WanFang Data, VIP, CBM, PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library from inception to February 2021 were electronically searched by two researchers, to collect randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of traditional Chinese medicine in the treatment of chronic cough, UACS/PNDS, CVA, EB, AC, GERD and other types of cough. Revman 5.3 software was used to analyze and summarize the collected literature, and the methodological quality of the included studies was evaluated by the bias risk assessment scale of Cochrance Collaboration Network. Results: A total of 26 articles involving 2 820 patients, with 1 420 in the experimental group and 1 400 in the control group were included. The results of meta-analysis showed that compared to the control group which was treated with western medicine alone, TCM significantly improved the clinical effective rate [RR=1.20, 95% CI(1.16,1.25), P<0.000 01], alleviated cough syndrome score [SMD=-0.83, 95% CI(-1.21,-0.44)], and enhenced the score of quality of life [MD=-2.18, 95%CI(1.63,2.74), P<0.000 01];at the same time, the experimental group was better than the control group in improving lung function and reducing the time of cough relief. In terms of safety, a total of 24 patients in 5 literatures had adverse reactions, but the symptoms were mild and could be relieved quickly. In addition, there was no significant difference in adverse reactions between the control group and the experimental group, showing good safety. Conclusion: TCM treatment can significantly improve the cure rate of cough, reduce cough score, improve systemic symptoms, relieve psychological anxiety, improve lung function, and improve cough symptoms rapidly, with good safety.

Research progress on cardiotoxicity mechanism of doxorubicin and prevention and treatment of traditional Chinese medicine

Doxorubicin is an anthracycline antibiotic.As a broad-spectrum antitumor drug,it is widely used in clinic.However,doxorubicin is dose-dependent and shows obvious cardiotoxicity,which limits its clinical application.At present,the mechanism of doxorubicin induced cardiotoxicity has not been fully clarified.Reducing cardiotoxicity and improving the scope of clinical application have become the focus of research in recent years.This paper reviews the mechanism of doxorubicin cardiotoxicity and the prevention and treatment of doxorubicin cardiotoxicity with traditional Chinese medicine,in order to provide reference for the combined application of doxorubicin.

Professor Renting Li's Combination of Internal and External Treatment of Traditional Chinese Medicine in Treating Radiation Enteritis

Radiotherapy is a common treatment for abdominal and pelvic malignancies with bone metastases.However,some patients develop radiation enteritis(RE)during the treatment or 2 months or more after the treatment,which seriously affects their quality of life.At present,the curative effect of western medicine is poor.Professor Renting Li believes that radiation kills tumor cells but at the same time,it damages the healthy Qi of the human body.Radiation causes heat and poison to accumulate in the intestinal tract,consumes and hurts Yin fluid,bums the vein,leads to deficiency of healthy Qi and poor detoxification,as well as cause blood stasis after a period of time.All these result in the combination of heat,blood stasis,and poison,manifesting as abdominal pain,diarrhea,mucus in stools,purulent and bloody stools,etc.Therefore,Professor Renting Li proposed the use of traditional Chinese medicine retention enema combined with oral traditional Chinese medicine to reduce symptoms,remove toxins,and improve the quality of life of patients.

Study on the Correlation between Syndrome Differentiation of Malignant Pleural Effusion Treated by External Treatment of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Immunohistochemistry of Biopsy Tissue Based on Medical Video-assisted Thoracoscope

Objective:Guided by the theory of syndrome differentiation of yin and yang in traditional Chinese medicine surgery,through visual observation of internal medicine thoracoscope,comprehensive observation of pleural cavity and immunohistochemistry of biopsy tissue,to classify malignant pleural effusion according to syndrome differentiation,and to explore the scientific nature of its theory.Methods:From March 1,2014 to February 28,2015,40 cases of malignant pleural effusion were treated in Beijing Chaoyang Hospital affiliated to Capital Medical University.According to the proposed TCM diagnostic criteria for yin and yang syndrome differentiation,and collect age,gender,course of disease,clinical symptoms,tumor primary focus,histomorphological manifestations and immunohistochemical results and other related information,and carry out statistical data processing.Results:The positive syndrome was mainly metastatic lung adenocarcinoma,which accounted for the majority of all MPE cases,up to 75%.The immunohistochemical results of biopsy tissues were mainly CEA and TTF-1 positive;While pleural effusion caused by pleural mesothelioma was the main type of yin syndrome,and the results of immunohistochemistry combined with biopsy were mainly positive for D2-40,Calretinin,WT-1 and CK5/6.Conclusion:TCM syndrome differentiation of MPE based on internal thoracoscopy combined with biopsy immunohistochemical results has sufficient theoretical basis and certain scientific nature,and further clinical research is needed to verify its effectiveness and practicability in the future.

Advances in the Study on"Simmering Pus and Forming Flesh"in Treating Anorectal Diseases by External Treatment in Traditional Chinese Medicine

Due to the special perianal location,anorectal diseases are prone to form chronic refractory wounds after surgery,with Qi(气)deficiency and blood stasis as the main cause.As a classical theory in TCM medicine,"simmering pus and forming flesh"attaches great importance to harmonizing Qi and blood in the wound healing period,which gradually achieves significant efficacy in clinical application after anorectal disease surgery.Literatures in recent years on"simmering pus and forming flesh"method being applied to postoperative wound healing in all kinds of anorectal diseases(such as anal fistula,perianal abscess,anal fissure,mixed hemorrhoid,etc.)were reviewed,and advantages and characteristics of its clinical efficacy in anorectal diseases were summarized,so as to provide reference for postoperative wound healing and repair treatment in anorectal diseases.

Exploring the transformative impact of traditional Chinese medicine on depression:Insights from animal models

Depression,a prevalent and complex mental health condition,presents a significant global health burden.Depression is one of the most frequent mental disorders;deaths from it account for 14.3%of people worldwide.In recent years,the integration of complementary and alternative medicine,including traditional Chinese medicine(TCM),has gained attention as a potential avenue for addressing depression.This comprehensive review critically assesses the efficacy of TCM interventions in alleviating depressive symptoms.An in-depth look at different research studies,clinical trials,and meta-analyses is used in this review to look into how TCM practices like herbal formulations,acupuncture,and mindbody practices work.The review looks at the quality of the evidence,the rigor of the methods,and any possible flaws in the current studies.This gives us an idea of where TCM stands right now in terms of treating depression.This comprehensive review aims to assess the efficacy of TCM interventions in alleviating depressive symptoms.In order to learn more about their possible healing effects,the study also looks into how different types of TCM work,such as herbal formulas,acupuncture,and mind-body practices.

The Characteristics of the Drug Composition in the Treatment of Insomnia by External Bath Prescription of Traditional Chinese Medicine

[Objectives]The research aimed to carry out a retrospective analysis on the characteristics of the drug composition in the treatment of insomnia by external bath prescription of traditional Chinese medicine,to provide ideas for the research and development of new Chinese medicine for insomnia.[Methods]The external bath prescriptions of traditional Chinese medicine related to insomnia were collected,and the appearance frequency of drug was analyzed,and statistical analysis of drug with high appearance frequency was conducted.[Results]In the external bath prescriptions of traditional Chinese medicine related to insomnia,the top ten herbs with high appearance frequency were as follows:Chaozaoren,Drgonsbones,Margaritifera,Yejiaoteng,Schisandrae Chinensis Fructus,Lilii Bulbus,Platycladi Semen,Poria,Coptidis Rhizoma,and Scutellariae Radix.According to the classification by efficacy,these herbs mostly have the effects of calming,nourishing and heat clearing.[Conclusions]Traditional Chinese medicine is most closely related to heart,kidney,liver and other viscera.Tranquilizing and sedative drugs should be chosen,which corresponds with the understanding on pathogenesis of insomnia in traditional Chinese medical science,and embodies the characteristics of external bath prescription of traditional Chinese medicine in the treatment of insomnia.

Clinical study on the treatment of acute pancreatitis with external application of Yi-Dan Therapy based on the method of“stagnation requiring dispersion”:study protocol for a randomized controlled trial

Background:Acute pancreatitis is an unpredictable and potentially lethal disease,causing tremendous pain in patients.The initial treatment of acute pancreatitis in modern medicine is supportive,but it is generally ineffective in relieving abdominal pain and distension.Traditional Chinese medicine has been shown to be more effective in regulating the body’s homeostasis and reducing the clinical symptoms of pancreatitis.Yi-Dan ointment,derived from Dahuang-Mudan Decoction,is an effective external ointment for treating acute pancreatitis.The aim of this trial is to investigate the clinical efficacy of Yi-Dan ointment,providing a valuable complement to existing treatment options for pancreatitis.Methods:This is a randomized controlled clinical trial with two parallel groups.Patients in the control group were given basic treatment and nursing for 7 days;in the treatment group,Yi-Dan ointment was applied externally in addition to basic treatment and nursing.The main indicator is the overall efficacy,serum amylase,acute physiology and chronic health evaluationⅡscore,symptom score,inflammatory markers,and classification of computed tomography.Conclusion:The trial results will provide high-quality evidence for Yi-Dan ointment,and provide a complement to existing treatment options for pancreatitis.

An investigation of the influence of intestinal flora in external traditional Chinese medicine therapy

External therapy,which has been used for millennia to treat disease,has now become the newest member of complementary and alternative therapies.A growing number of clinical studies and animal experiments have shown that external therapy exerts a positive effect on the intestinal flora.In this paper,we review the research related to external therapy on various systemic diseases and focus on changes in the intestinal flora.We found that studies on external therapy are dominated by acupuncture and tuina,primarily aimed at the treatment of digestive and neurological diseases.However,the deeper mechanism of regulation of the intestinal flora by external therapy has not yet been experimentally confirmed.

Research Progress on Pathogenesis and Treatment of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus by Traditional Chinese Medicine and Western Medicine

The prevalence rate of type 2 diabetes is increasing year by year,simple surgery and Western medicine treatment has limitations,doing damage to liver and kidney function,resulting in islet function damage,insulin resistance,poor curative effect and many adverse reactions.According to the difference of patients'health conditions,traditional Chinese medicine has certain advantages in the treatment of this disease by acupuncture,auricular point treatment and prescription based on syndrome differentiation,taking replenishing qi and nourishing yin,invigorating spleen and resolving dampness as the basic principle to enhance the functions of viscera such as lung,spleen and kidney,and to strengthen the body resistance to eliminate pathogenic factors.The curative effect is remarkable and the side effect is extremely low.Therefore,this paper makes a comparative analysis of the current situation of the research on the pathogenesis and treatment of the disease between traditional Chinese medicine and Western medicine,in order to provide new ideas for clinical and scientific researchers.

Clinical Study on Treatment of Vascular Aging in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Complicated by Hypertension with Combination of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Western Medicine

Objective:To explore the clinical effect of combination of traditional Chinese medicine and western medicine in treatment of vascular aging in patients with type 2 diabetes complicated by hypertension.Methods:Ninety patients with type 2 diabetes complicated by hypertension admitted to our hospital from May 2016 to August 2019 were selected as research objects.They were randomly divided into control group and observational group,with 45 cases each.Control group was given amlodipine besylate combined with metformin hydrochloride.On the basis of control group,observational group was given combination of TCM syndrome differentiation.Blood glucose,blood pressure and blood lipids before and after 14 days of treatment were compared between two groups.Results:Blood glucose,blood pressure and lipid indexes after treatment were lower than before treatment in both groups;observational group was lower than control group and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion:Combination of traditional Chinese medicine and Western medicine could lower blood glucose and blood pressure indexes,control blood lipids and delay blood vessel aging in patients with type 2 diabetes complicated by hypertension,it is worthy of clinical popularization.

The Influence of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine Treatment on the Quality of Life and Laboratory Indicators of Patients with Novel Coronavirus Pneumonia

Objective: To investigate the influence of integrated Chinese and Western medicine treatment on the quality of life and laboratory indicators of patients with novel coronavirus pneumonia (COVID-19). Methods: A prospective, self-controlled study was conducted to analyze the changes in corresponding laboratory indicators and quality of life in 75 confirmed COVID-19 patients treated with integrated Chinese and Western medicine in our hospital during the early stage, middle stage, recovery period, and two weeks after discharge. The effectiveness and safety of the treatment regimen were evaluated in conjunction with the time for 2019-nCoV nucleic acid conversion, disease progression, and adverse reactions. Results: The PLT levels in the initial stage were significantly lower than those in the recovery period in 75 patients. The CRP levels in the initial stage were significantly lower than those after discharge for 2 weeks. The TBIL, IBTL, and DHIL levels in the initial stage were significantly lower than those in the middle stage. The K+ levels in the initial stage were significantly lower than those in the recovery period and after discharge for 2 weeks. The LYMGH levels in the initial stage were significantly lower than those in the recovery period and after discharge for 2 weeks. The TP and ALB levels in the initial stage were higher than those in the middle stage and the recovery period. The LDH levels, scores of daily activity limitation, scores of respiratory distress symptoms, scores of psychological emotions, CT imaging scores, and positive rate of nucleic acid were significantly lower than those in the recovery period and after discharge for 2 weeks. The AG, CK, CK-MB, and α-HBDH levels in the initial stage were significantly higher than those in the recovery period. However, the AMY level in the initial stage was significantly lower than that in the recovery period and after discharge for 2 weeks (p Conclusion: Integrated Chinese and Western medicine treatment has a significant impact on laboratory indicators such as PLT, LYMGH, CRP, TBIL, IBTL, DHIL, TP, ALB, K+, AG, LDH, CK, CK-MB, α-HBDH, AMY, CT imaging, and 2019-nCoV nucleic acid in COVID-19 patients. It has good clinical efficacy and safety, and can improve the quality of life of patients.

Research progress of traditional Chinese medicine in the treatment of complications related to spinal cord injury

Spinal cord injury is one of the common neurological diseases in clinical practice.It has the characteristics of high incidence rate,high disability rate and high cost.It brings great pain and mental stress to patients.Spinal cord injury patients with neurological impairment,slow recovery,in the process of disease treatment is easy to produce a series of complications,such as respiratory complications,neurogenic bladder,spasm,deep vein thrombosis,pressure sores and so on.At present,western medicine and auxiliary equipment are mainly used in the treatment of related complications,but traditional Chinese medicine also plays a very important role.Traditional Chinese medicine is not only economical,cheap and has little side effects,but also can promote the functional rehabilitation of patients with spinal cord injury and reduce the incidence of complications.In this paper,through searching the literature reports on the treatment of spinal cord injury related complications with traditional Chinese medicine at home and abroad,we review the treatment of neurogenic bladder,spasm,venous embolism,neuropathic pain,neurogenic intestinal dysfunction,pressure sores,respiratory complications with traditional Chinese medicine,in order to provide reference for the clinical treatment of spinal cord injury related complications.

Traditional Chinese medicine for the treatment of endometriosis: a comprehensive-review of treatment mechanisms

The study aims to reveal the mechanism of traditional Chinese medicine in the treatment of endometriosis and provide support for further research on traditional Chinese medicine and its active ingredients.The literature survey was conducted using PubMed,Web of Science,CNKI and other databases with“endometriosis”,“Chinese medicine”,“Chinese herbal medicine”and“natural plants”as the main keywords.Traditional Chinese medicine can exert their therapeutic effects on endometriosis by inhibiting inflammation through multiple pathways and multiple targets,regulating cell proliferation and apoptosis,angiogenesis,cell adhesion and oxidative stress.Traditional Chinese medicine can intervene in endometriosis in multiple ways and with multiple targets.In-depth study of Chinese medicine for endometriosis can provide new ideas for exploring the pathogenesis of endometriosis and developing new drugs.

Assessment and Explorations on the Mechanism of Neuroprotection of Patients in Ischemic Stroke by Traditional Chinese Medicine

ischemic stroke is a common clinical emergency, with thrombolysis and neuroprotection as its cardinal treatment, and nowadays the latter is more and more stressed by stroke researchers. On the basis of pathophysiology and ischemic cascade of ischemic stroke, we now try to analyze the conceivable mechanism of intervention by tradition Chinese medicine （TCM） and hopefully provide experience for experimental and clinical research in the future.

Traditional Chinese medicine for prevention and treatment of hepatocarcinoma: From bench to bedside

Traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) has played a positive role in the management of hepatocarcinoma. Hepatocarcinoma patients may present Qi-stagnation, damp-heat, blood stasis, Qi-deficiency, Yin-deficiency and other TCM syndromes(Zheng). Modern treatments such as surgery, transarterial chemoembolization(TACE) and high intensity focus ultrasound treatment would influence the manifestation of TCM syndromes. Herbs with traditional efficacy of tonifying Qi, blood and Yin, soothing liver-Qi stagnation, clearing heat and detoxifying and dissolving stasis, have been demonstrated to be potent to prevent hepatocarcinogenesis. TCM has been widely used in all aspects of integrative therapy in hepatocarcinoma, including surgical resection, liver transplantation, TACE, local ablative therapies and even as monotherapy for middle-advanced stage hepatocarcinoma. Clinical practices have confirmed that TCM is effective to alleviate clinical symptoms, improve quality of life and immune function, prevent recurrence and metastasis, delay tumor progression, and prolong survival time in hepatocarcinoma patients. The effective mechanism of TCM against hepatocarcinoma is related to inducing apoptosis, autophagy, anoikis and cell senescence, arresting cell cycle, regulating immune function, inhibiting metastasis and angiogenesis, reversing drug resistance and enhancing effects of chemotherapy. Along with the progress of research in this field, TCM will contribute more to the prevention and treatment of hepatocarcinoma.