Advances in the treatment of diabetic peripheral neuropathy by modulating gut microbiota with traditional Chinese medicine

Diabetic peripheral neuropathy(DPN)is one of the strongest risk factors for diabetic foot ulcers(neuropathic ulcerations)and the existing ulcers may further deteriorate due to the damage to sensory neurons.Moreover,the resulting numbness in the limbs causes difficulty in discovering these ulcerations in a short time.DPN is associated with gut microbiota dysbiosis.Traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)compounds such as Shenqi Dihuang Decoction,Huangkui Capsules and Qidi Tangshen Granules can reduce the clinical symptoms of diabetic nephropathy by modulating gut microbiota.The current review discusses whether TCM compounds can reduce the risk of DPN by improving gut microbiota.

The use of traditional Chinese medicine internally and externally combined with auricular acupuncture point bloodletting in the treatment of vulvar leukoplakia

Vulvar leukoplakia refers to the chronic disease of degeneration and hypopigmentation of the skin and mucous membrane of the vulva with unbearable itching in women, seriously affecting the quality of life. The main treatment of western medicine for vulvar leukoplakia is the external use of glucocorticoids or estrogen, resulting to the high recurrence rate and side effects. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has the characteristics of the overall concept and dialectical treatment with a variety of ways. Literature review in recent years found that the treatment of TCM decoction combined with external therapies, such as external fumigation, acupuncture and other treatments, or the combination of TCM decoction and external western medicine hormone ointment, can obtain good effects in vulvar leukoplakia. During the clinical practice, we found that the use of TCM internally and externally combined with auricular acupuncture point bloodletting was highly effective with unique advantages in the treatment of vulvar leukoplakia, providing the ideas guidance for clinicians.

Promise and challenges of traditional Chinese medicine,specifically Calculus bovis,in liver cancer treatment

Liver cancer,one of the most common malignancies worldwide,ranks sixth in incidence and third in mortality.Liver cancer treatment options are diverse,inclu-ding surgical resection,liver transplantation,percutaneous ablation,transarterial chemoembolization,radiotherapy,chemotherapy,targeted therapy,immuno-therapy,and traditional Chinese medicine(TCM).A multidisciplinary team(MDT)is essential to customize treatment plans based on tumor staging,liver function,and performance status(PS),ensuring individualized patient care.Treatment decisions require a MDT to tailor strategies based on tumor staging,liver function,and PS,ensuring personalized care.The approval of new first-line and second-line drugs and the establishment of standard treatments based on immune checkpoint inhibitors have significantly expanded treatment options for advanced liver cancer,improving overall prognosis.However,many patients do not respond effectively to these treatments and ultimately succumb to the disease.Modern oncology treatments,while extending patient survival,often come with severe side effects,resistance,and damage to the body,negatively impacting quality of life.Huang et al's study published at World Journal of Gastroenterology rigorously validates the anticancer properties of Calculus bovis,enhancing our understanding of TCM and contributing to new liver cancer treatment strategies.For over 5000 years,TCM has been used in East Asian countries like China to treat various diseases,including liver conditions.Analysis of real-world clinical data suggests that for patients with advanced-stage tumors lacking effective treatments,integrated TCM therapies could provide significant breakthroughs.

Application of traditional Chinese herbal medicine in the prevention and treatment of swine viral infectious diseases

This study aims to explore the current application status and development prospects of Chinese herbal medicine in preventing and treating swine viral infectious diseases over the past five years.By adopting the method of literature review,we collect,organize,and analyze relevant research literature,with the goal of summarizing and summarizing the research progress in this field.Through research,we found that swine infectious diseases have caused serious economic losses in the breeding industry and that some diseases cannot be fully protected by using vaccines.Therefore,we need new means to prevent diseases.The use of Chinese herbal medicine for the prevention and treatment of related diseases has become a reliable means.This study first briefly introduces the common infectious diseases of pigs and the risks and challenges faced by prevention and treatment,then reads the literature comparing the treatment with Western medicine and traditional Chinese medicine,proving the reliability of traditional Chinese medicine treatment and the unique advantages of Chinese herbal medicine.Afterwards,we summarized the literature on the prevention and treatment of related swine diseases with Chinese herbal medicine in the past five years,and finally made a summary and outlook,hoping to provide ideas for relevant researchers and workers.

Research Progress of Traditional Chinese Medicine External Treatment for Cancer Pain

Cancer pain,as a common complication in patients with malignant tumors,is regarded as the fifth vital sign.The involvement of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)in the treatment of malignant tumors has become a distinctive feature of oncology treatment in China.It is also an important component of cancer pain management.TCM analgesic treatments include various methods,such as internal medicine and external therapies.External analgesic therapies,in particular,are significant methods in TCM pain management and offer both local treatment and systemic regulation.These methods are simple,easy to perform,and non-invasive.They can enhance pain relief effects while reducing the difficulty of oral medication intake and avoiding adverse gastrointestinal reactions,providing new perspectives and approaches for cancer pain treatment with broad development prospects.This article provides a review of the external TCM therapies for cancer pain to share with peers in the field.

Current Research Status of Traditional Chinese Medicine External Treatment for Diarrhea Type Irritable Bowel Syndrome

Irritable bowel syndrome(IBS-D)with diarrhea is a common gastrointestinal functional disease in clinical practice,which seriously affects the quality of life of patients.Cur‐rently,Western medicine has poor therapeutic effects,while traditional Chinese medi‐cine has unique advantages in relieving IBS-D symptoms and preventing recurrence.In recent years,especially with external treatment of traditional Chinese medicine,it has become a new treatment direction in clinical practice and has achieved good therapeutic effects.This article will provide a review of recent research on the treatment of IBS-D using traditional Chinese medicine external treatment methods.

Professor Renting Li's Combination of Internal and External Treatment of Traditional Chinese Medicine in Treating Radiation Enteritis

Radiotherapy is a common treatment for abdominal and pelvic malignancies with bone metastases.However,some patients develop radiation enteritis(RE)during the treatment or 2 months or more after the treatment,which seriously affects their quality of life.At present,the curative effect of western medicine is poor.Professor Renting Li believes that radiation kills tumor cells but at the same time,it damages the healthy Qi of the human body.Radiation causes heat and poison to accumulate in the intestinal tract,consumes and hurts Yin fluid,bums the vein,leads to deficiency of healthy Qi and poor detoxification,as well as cause blood stasis after a period of time.All these result in the combination of heat,blood stasis,and poison,manifesting as abdominal pain,diarrhea,mucus in stools,purulent and bloody stools,etc.Therefore,Professor Renting Li proposed the use of traditional Chinese medicine retention enema combined with oral traditional Chinese medicine to reduce symptoms,remove toxins,and improve the quality of life of patients.

Study on the Correlation between Syndrome Differentiation of Malignant Pleural Effusion Treated by External Treatment of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Immunohistochemistry of Biopsy Tissue Based on Medical Video-assisted Thoracoscope

Objective:Guided by the theory of syndrome differentiation of yin and yang in traditional Chinese medicine surgery,through visual observation of internal medicine thoracoscope,comprehensive observation of pleural cavity and immunohistochemistry of biopsy tissue,to classify malignant pleural effusion according to syndrome differentiation,and to explore the scientific nature of its theory.Methods:From March 1,2014 to February 28,2015,40 cases of malignant pleural effusion were treated in Beijing Chaoyang Hospital affiliated to Capital Medical University.According to the proposed TCM diagnostic criteria for yin and yang syndrome differentiation,and collect age,gender,course of disease,clinical symptoms,tumor primary focus,histomorphological manifestations and immunohistochemical results and other related information,and carry out statistical data processing.Results:The positive syndrome was mainly metastatic lung adenocarcinoma,which accounted for the majority of all MPE cases,up to 75%.The immunohistochemical results of biopsy tissues were mainly CEA and TTF-1 positive;While pleural effusion caused by pleural mesothelioma was the main type of yin syndrome,and the results of immunohistochemistry combined with biopsy were mainly positive for D2-40,Calretinin,WT-1 and CK5/6.Conclusion:TCM syndrome differentiation of MPE based on internal thoracoscopy combined with biopsy immunohistochemical results has sufficient theoretical basis and certain scientific nature,and further clinical research is needed to verify its effectiveness and practicability in the future.

Advances in the Study on"Simmering Pus and Forming Flesh"in Treating Anorectal Diseases by External Treatment in Traditional Chinese Medicine

Due to the special perianal location,anorectal diseases are prone to form chronic refractory wounds after surgery,with Qi(气)deficiency and blood stasis as the main cause.As a classical theory in TCM medicine,"simmering pus and forming flesh"attaches great importance to harmonizing Qi and blood in the wound healing period,which gradually achieves significant efficacy in clinical application after anorectal disease surgery.Literatures in recent years on"simmering pus and forming flesh"method being applied to postoperative wound healing in all kinds of anorectal diseases(such as anal fistula,perianal abscess,anal fissure,mixed hemorrhoid,etc.)were reviewed,and advantages and characteristics of its clinical efficacy in anorectal diseases were summarized,so as to provide reference for postoperative wound healing and repair treatment in anorectal diseases.

The Characteristics of the Drug Composition in the Treatment of Insomnia by External Bath Prescription of Traditional Chinese Medicine

[Objectives]The research aimed to carry out a retrospective analysis on the characteristics of the drug composition in the treatment of insomnia by external bath prescription of traditional Chinese medicine,to provide ideas for the research and development of new Chinese medicine for insomnia.[Methods]The external bath prescriptions of traditional Chinese medicine related to insomnia were collected,and the appearance frequency of drug was analyzed,and statistical analysis of drug with high appearance frequency was conducted.[Results]In the external bath prescriptions of traditional Chinese medicine related to insomnia,the top ten herbs with high appearance frequency were as follows:Chaozaoren,Drgonsbones,Margaritifera,Yejiaoteng,Schisandrae Chinensis Fructus,Lilii Bulbus,Platycladi Semen,Poria,Coptidis Rhizoma,and Scutellariae Radix.According to the classification by efficacy,these herbs mostly have the effects of calming,nourishing and heat clearing.[Conclusions]Traditional Chinese medicine is most closely related to heart,kidney,liver and other viscera.Tranquilizing and sedative drugs should be chosen,which corresponds with the understanding on pathogenesis of insomnia in traditional Chinese medical science,and embodies the characteristics of external bath prescription of traditional Chinese medicine in the treatment of insomnia.

Five commonly used traditional Chinese medicine formulas in the treatment of ulcerative colitis:A network meta-analysis

BACKGROUND Currently,traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)formulas are commonly being used as adjunctive therapy for ulcerative colitis in China.Network meta-analysis,a quantitative and comprehensive analytical method,can systematically compare the effects of different adjunctive treatment options for ulcerative colitis,providing scientific evidence for clinical decision-making.AIM To evaluate the clinical efficacy and safety of commonly used TCM for the treatment of ulcerative colitis(UC)in clinical practice through a network metaanalysis.METHODS Clinical randomized controlled trials of these TCM formulas used for the adjuvant treatment of UC were searched from the establishment of the databases to July 1,2022.Studies that met the inclusion criteria were screened and evaluated for literature quality and risk of bias according to the Cochrane 5.1 standard.The methodological quality of the studies was assessed using ReviewManager(RevMan)5.4,and a funnel plot was constructed to test for publication bias.ADDIS 1.16 statistical software was used to perform statistical analysis of the treatment measures and derive the network relationship and ranking diagrams of the various intervention measures.RESULTS A total of 64 randomized controlled trials involving 5456 patients with UC were included in this study.The adjuvant treatment of UC using five TCM formulations was able to improve the clinical outcome of the patients.Adjuvant treatment with Baitouweng decoction(BTWT)showed a significant effect[mean difference=36.22,95%confidence interval(CI):7.63 to 65.76].For the reduction of tumor necrosis factor in patients with UC,adjunctive therapy with BTWT(mean difference=−9.55,95%CI:−17.89 to−1.41),Shenlingbaizhu powder[SLBZS;odds ratio(OR)=0.19,95%CI:0.08 to 0.39],and Shaoyao decoction(OR=−23.02,95%CI:−33.64 to−13.14)was effective.Shaoyao decoction was more effective than BTWT(OR=0.12,95%CI:0.03 to 0.39),SLBZS(OR=0.19,95%CI:0.08 to 0.39),and Xi Lei powder(OR=0.34,95%CI:0.13 to 0.81)in reducing tumor necrosis factor and the recurrence rate of UC.CONCLUSION TCM combined with mesalazine is more effective than mesalazine alone in the treatment of UC.

Research Progress on Pathogenesis and Treatment of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus by Traditional Chinese Medicine and Western Medicine

The prevalence rate of type 2 diabetes is increasing year by year,simple surgery and Western medicine treatment has limitations,doing damage to liver and kidney function,resulting in islet function damage,insulin resistance,poor curative effect and many adverse reactions.According to the difference of patients'health conditions,traditional Chinese medicine has certain advantages in the treatment of this disease by acupuncture,auricular point treatment and prescription based on syndrome differentiation,taking replenishing qi and nourishing yin,invigorating spleen and resolving dampness as the basic principle to enhance the functions of viscera such as lung,spleen and kidney,and to strengthen the body resistance to eliminate pathogenic factors.The curative effect is remarkable and the side effect is extremely low.Therefore,this paper makes a comparative analysis of the current situation of the research on the pathogenesis and treatment of the disease between traditional Chinese medicine and Western medicine,in order to provide new ideas for clinical and scientific researchers.

Clinical Study on Treatment of Vascular Aging in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Complicated by Hypertension with Combination of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Western Medicine

Objective:To explore the clinical effect of combination of traditional Chinese medicine and western medicine in treatment of vascular aging in patients with type 2 diabetes complicated by hypertension.Methods:Ninety patients with type 2 diabetes complicated by hypertension admitted to our hospital from May 2016 to August 2019 were selected as research objects.They were randomly divided into control group and observational group,with 45 cases each.Control group was given amlodipine besylate combined with metformin hydrochloride.On the basis of control group,observational group was given combination of TCM syndrome differentiation.Blood glucose,blood pressure and blood lipids before and after 14 days of treatment were compared between two groups.Results:Blood glucose,blood pressure and lipid indexes after treatment were lower than before treatment in both groups;observational group was lower than control group and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion:Combination of traditional Chinese medicine and Western medicine could lower blood glucose and blood pressure indexes,control blood lipids and delay blood vessel aging in patients with type 2 diabetes complicated by hypertension,it is worthy of clinical popularization.

Assessment and Explorations on the Mechanism of Neuroprotection of Patients in Ischemic Stroke by Traditional Chinese Medicine

ischemic stroke is a common clinical emergency, with thrombolysis and neuroprotection as its cardinal treatment, and nowadays the latter is more and more stressed by stroke researchers. On the basis of pathophysiology and ischemic cascade of ischemic stroke, we now try to analyze the conceivable mechanism of intervention by tradition Chinese medicine （TCM） and hopefully provide experience for experimental and clinical research in the future.

Traditional Chinese medicine for prevention and treatment of hepatocarcinoma: From bench to bedside

Traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) has played a positive role in the management of hepatocarcinoma. Hepatocarcinoma patients may present Qi-stagnation, damp-heat, blood stasis, Qi-deficiency, Yin-deficiency and other TCM syndromes(Zheng). Modern treatments such as surgery, transarterial chemoembolization(TACE) and high intensity focus ultrasound treatment would influence the manifestation of TCM syndromes. Herbs with traditional efficacy of tonifying Qi, blood and Yin, soothing liver-Qi stagnation, clearing heat and detoxifying and dissolving stasis, have been demonstrated to be potent to prevent hepatocarcinogenesis. TCM has been widely used in all aspects of integrative therapy in hepatocarcinoma, including surgical resection, liver transplantation, TACE, local ablative therapies and even as monotherapy for middle-advanced stage hepatocarcinoma. Clinical practices have confirmed that TCM is effective to alleviate clinical symptoms, improve quality of life and immune function, prevent recurrence and metastasis, delay tumor progression, and prolong survival time in hepatocarcinoma patients. The effective mechanism of TCM against hepatocarcinoma is related to inducing apoptosis, autophagy, anoikis and cell senescence, arresting cell cycle, regulating immune function, inhibiting metastasis and angiogenesis, reversing drug resistance and enhancing effects of chemotherapy. Along with the progress of research in this field, TCM will contribute more to the prevention and treatment of hepatocarcinoma.

Comparative study on WHO Western Pacific Region and World Federation of Chinese Medicine Societies international standard terminologies on traditional medicine: Diseases in External Medicine (Part 2)

This is a continued study about how to understand and translate the names of diseases in the external medicine of TCM included in the WPRO Standard and the WFCMS Standard according to the discussion made in the book entitled International Standardization of English Translation of Traditional Chinese Medicine： Study of Theory, Summarization of Practice and Exploration of Methodst, the explanation made in A Concise Dictionary of Traditional Chinese Medicine,

Comparative study on WHO Western Pacific Region and World Federation of Chinese Medicine Societies international standard terminologies on traditional medicine: Diseases in External Medicine (Part 1)

External medicine, also frequently described as surgery, has a history as long as that of traditional Chinese medicine （TCM）. There were important doctors in each dynasty who devoted themselves to the study and practice of external medicine. In TCM external medicine, diseases are named either according to their location （such as neck abscess and back carbuncle）, or viscera involved （such as intestinal abscess and lung abscess）, or causes （such as tetanus and chilblain, which are literally known respectively as wind damage of wound and sore caused by cold in TCM）, or shape （such as snake head boil and goose web wind）, or the color （such as erysipelas and vitiligo which are literally known respectively as red toxin and white skin wind）, etc.

Detection of consensuses and treatment principles of diabetic nephropathy in traditional Chinese medicine: A new approach

Objective:To propose and test a new approach based on community detection in the field of social computing for uncovering consensuses and treatment principles in traditional Chinese medicine(TCM).Methods:Three Chinese databases(CNKI,VIP,andWan Fang Data)were searched for published articles on TCM treatment of diabetic nephropathy(DN)from their inception until September 31,2014.Zheng classification and herbdatawereextractedfromincluded articlesand usedto construct a Zheng classification and treatment of diabetic nephropathy(DNZCT)network with nodes denoting Zhengs and herbs and edges denoting corresponding treating relationshipsamong them.Community detection was applied to the DNZCT and detected community structures were analyzed.Results:A network of 201 nodes and 743 edges were constructed and six communities were detected.Nodes clustered in the samecommunity captured the samesemantic topic;different communities had unique characteristics,and indicated different treatment principles.Large communities usually represented similar points of view or consensuses on common Zheng diagnoses and herb prescriptions;small communities might help to indicate unusual Zhengs and herbs.Conclusion:The results suggest that the community detection-based approach is useful and feasible for uncovering consensuses and treatment principles of DN treatment in TCM,and could be used to address other similar problems in TCM.

Research progress in the treatment of perimenopausal abnormal uterine bleeding with traditional Chinese and western medicine

In order to fully understand the research progress of Chinese and Western medicine in the treatment of perimenopausal abnormal uterine bleeding,this paper reviews all kinds of research by referring to related literature reports at home and abroad.The results showed that western medicine mainly used hormone drugs,supplemented by surgery,but the clinical adverse reactions were more and the recurrence rate was higher;traditional Chinese medicine often obtained satisfactory results through the treatment of traditional Chinese medicine,syndrome differentiation,stage treatment,acupuncture and other treatment methods,with fewer adverse reactions and low recurrence rate,but the effect of sudden collapse and hemostasis was slower;the combination of Chinese and Western medicine can learn from each other and become The research focus in recent years is worthy of further discussion.

Progress in Traditional Chinese and Weste rn Medicine Treatments and Nursing Care of Knee Osteoarthritis

This paper reviews the causes of knee osteoarthritis, traditional Chinese and Western medicine therapies and nursing research progress and indicates that traditional Chinese and Western medicine have gradually recognized the cause of knee osteoarthritis. Knee osteoarthritis has been treated with various treatments and nursing care planning, and the combination of traditional Chinese and Western medicine has constantly been improved. Nurses should instruct the discharged patient to correctly treat their disease, adopt the health education, and, via the establishment of a healthy lifestyle, insist on a functional exercise to relieve the pain, delay disease progression, and improve quality of life.