<b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Background:</span></b><span style="font-family:Verdana;"></span><b> </b><span style="font-family:Verdan...<b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Background:</span></b><span style="font-family:Verdana;"></span><b> </b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Chronic anal fissure is a benign disorder which is associated with considerable discomfort. </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><b></b></span><b><b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Aim of the Work:</span></b><span style="font-family:;" "=""><span style="font-family:Verdana;"></span></span></b><b> </b><span style="font-family:;" "=""><span style="font-family:Verdana;">The aim of this study was to compare the post-operative results of open and closed internal lateral sphincterotomies in the short and medium term.</span><b> </b></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><b></b></span><b><b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Patient and Methods:</span></b><span style="font-family:;" "=""><span style="font-family:Verdana;"></span></span></b><b> </b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">We carried out a prospective randomized comparative study in the digestive and visceral surgery departments of Central Hospital of Yaounde over a period of 15</span><span style="font-family:;" "=""> </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">months. Patients were evaluated for each technique by several variables, including duration of surgery, post-operative pain, recurrence, surgical wound infection, gas and/or stool incontinence, and healing time with follow-up up to 12</span><span style="font-family:;" "=""> </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">months postoperatively.</span><span style="font-family:;" "=""> </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><b></b></span><b><b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Results:</span></b><span style="font-family:;" "=""><span style="font-family:Verdana;"></span></span></b><b> </b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">A total of 63 patients underwent surgery within them we had 32 open lateral internal sphincterotom</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">ies</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> (group 1) and 31 closed lateral internal sphincterotom</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">ies</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> (group 2). There were 35 men and 28 women with a sex ratio of 1.25. The mean age was 35.36 ± 10.16 years with extremes ranging from 19 to 62 years. The typical presentation was pain on defecation. The majority of fissures were located at the posterior commissure. The average duration of the procedure was longer in patients in group 1 (15.34 minutes) compared to 5.22 minutes in patients in group 2. We found 3.12% of surgical wound infections in patients in group 1 and neither patient in group 2. Gas incontinence was 6.45% in group 2 patients and 28.12% in group 1.</span><span style="font-family:;" "=""> </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">The mean intensity of pain at 24 hours post-operative was between</span><span style="font-family:;" "=""> </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">4 and 6 on </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">the </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">visual analogue scale in patients in group 2 and between 7 and 10 in group 1. Wound healing time was 8.9 days in group </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">1</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> and 4 days in group 2 patients. The hospital stay was 24 hours for both groups of patients. No recurrence was noted during the 6-month</span><span style="font-family:;" "=""> </span><span style="font-family:;" "=""><span style="font-family:Verdana;">follow-up period.</span><b> </b></span><span style="font-family:;" "=""><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><b></b></span><b><b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Conclusion:</span></b><span style="font-family:Verdana;"></span></b></span><b> </b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Closed lateral internal anal sphincterotomy is the treatment of choice for chronic anal fissures because it is effective and associated with </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">a </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">lower complication rate than the open sphincterotomy technique.</span>展开更多
Chronic anal fissure(CAF)is a painful tear or crack which occurs in the anoderm.The optimal algorithm of therapy for CAF is still debated.Lateral internal sphincterotomy(LIS)is a surgical treatment,considered as the...Chronic anal fissure(CAF)is a painful tear or crack which occurs in the anoderm.The optimal algorithm of therapy for CAF is still debated.Lateral internal sphincterotomy(LIS)is a surgical treatment,considered as the'gold standard'therapy for CAF.It relieves CAF symptoms with a high rate of healing.Chemical sphincterotomy(CS)with nitrates,calcium blockers or botulinum toxin(BTX)is safe,with the rapid relief of pain,mild sideeffects and no risk of surgery or anesthesia,but is a statistically less effective therapy for CAF than LIS.This article considers if aggressive treatment should only be offered to patients who fail pharmacological sphincterotomy.Aspects of anal fissure etiology,epidemiology and pathophysiology are considered with their meaning for further management of CAF.A molecular model of chemical interdependence significant for the chemistry of CAF healing is examined.Its application may influence the development of optimal therapy for CAF.BTX is currently considered the most effective type of CS and discussion in this article scrutinizes this method specifically.Although the effectiveness of BTXvs LIS has been discussed,the essential focus of the article concerns identifying the best therapy application for anal fissure.Elements are presented which may help us to predict CAF healing.They provide rationale for the expansion of the CAF therapy algorithm.Ethical and economic factors are also considered in brief.As long as the patient is willing to accept the potential risk of fecal incontinence,we have grounds for the'gold standard'(LIS)as the first-line treatment for CAF.The author concludes that,when the diagnosis of the anal fissure is established,CS should be considered for both ethical and economic reasons.He is convinced that a greater understanding and recognition of benign anal disorders by the GP and a proactive involvement at the point of initial diagnosis would facilitate the consideration of CS at an earlier,more practical stage with improved outcomes for the patient.展开更多
目的探讨无牵引架侧卧位股骨近端防旋髓内钉(proximal femoral nail antirotation,PFNA)内固定术治疗股骨粗隆间骨折的效果。方法方便选取2018年8月—2021年7月新泰市人民医院行PFNA内固定术治疗的股骨粗隆间骨折患者82例为研究对象,以...目的探讨无牵引架侧卧位股骨近端防旋髓内钉(proximal femoral nail antirotation,PFNA)内固定术治疗股骨粗隆间骨折的效果。方法方便选取2018年8月—2021年7月新泰市人民医院行PFNA内固定术治疗的股骨粗隆间骨折患者82例为研究对象,以随机数字表分为两组,各41例。研究组行无牵引架侧卧位PFNA内固定术,对照组行常规平卧体位持续牵引PFNA内固定术。比较两组患者髋关节恢复的优良率,手术时间、术中出血量、切口长度、骨折愈合时间及术后并发症情况。结果研究组患者髋关节恢复的优良率95.12%与对照组90.24%对比,差异无统计学意义(χ^(2)=0.180,P>0.05)。研究组手术时间(55.65±10.52)min、术中出血量(82.65±20.44)mL较对照组(90.50±8.98)min、(120.65±18.65)mL更低,差异有统计学意义(t=16.202、8.794,P<0.05),研究组切口长度(5.05±0.45)cm、骨折愈合时间(10.20±1.15)周与对照组(4.99±0.50)cm、(10.49±1.25)周对比,差异无统计学意义(t=0.571、1.093,P>0.05)。研究组术后并发症发生率7.32%与对照组7.32%对比,差异无统计学意义(χ^(2)=0.180,P>0.05)。结论采用无牵引架侧卧位开展PFNA内固定手术,利于缩短股骨粗隆间骨折患的手术时间,降低术后失血量。展开更多
Anal stenosis is a rare but serious complication of anorectal surgery, most commonly seen after hemorrhoidectomy. Anal stenosis represents a technical challenge in terms of surgical management. A Medline search of stu...Anal stenosis is a rare but serious complication of anorectal surgery, most commonly seen after hemorrhoidectomy. Anal stenosis represents a technical challenge in terms of surgical management. A Medline search of studies relevant to the management of anal stenosis was undertaken. The etiology, pathophysiology and classification of anal stenosis were reviewed. An overview of surgical and non-surgical therapeutic options was developed. Ninety percent of anal stenosis is caused by overzealous hemorrhoidectomy. Treatment, both medical and surgical, should be modulated based on stenosis severity. Mild stenosis can be managed conservatively with stool softeners or fiber supplements. Sphincterotomy may be quite adequate for a patient with a mild degree of narrowing. For more severe stenosis, a formal anoplasty should be performed to treat the loss of anal canal tissue. Anal stenosis may be anatomic or functional. Anal stricture is most often a preventable complication. Many techniques have been used for the treatment of anal stenosis with variable healing rates. It is extremely difficult to interpret the results of the various anoplastic procedures described in the literature as prospective trials have not been performed. However, almost any approach will at least improve patient symptoms.展开更多
目的:探讨改良肛裂切口扩创术在陈旧性肛裂治疗中的作用。方法将2009年1月~2012年12月广东省河源市人民医院94例陈旧性肛裂I期及I I期患者均分为对照组与观察组(n=47)。对照组采用常规肛裂侧位内括约肌切断手术进行手术,观察组采...目的:探讨改良肛裂切口扩创术在陈旧性肛裂治疗中的作用。方法将2009年1月~2012年12月广东省河源市人民医院94例陈旧性肛裂I期及I I期患者均分为对照组与观察组(n=47)。对照组采用常规肛裂侧位内括约肌切断手术进行手术,观察组采用改良肛裂切开扩创术进行手术,术后均进行药物辅助治疗,观察2组患者的分期治愈情况、疼痛比较、创面愈合时间及术后肛门功能。结果观察组治愈率为88.7%,显著高于对照组的71.7%(χ2=4.810,P=0.028);观察组和对照组术后疼痛评分分别为(4.67±2.64 vs 5.09±2.79)、创面愈合时间(15.3±2.09)d vs (16.8±2.34)d,相比较差异无统计学意义;术后1年随访均未发现肛门不完全性失禁以及肛门狭窄等不良并发症。结论改良肛裂切口扩创在陈旧性肛裂治疗中疗效确切,拥有更高的治愈率,值得临床推广应用。展开更多
文摘<b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Background:</span></b><span style="font-family:Verdana;"></span><b> </b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Chronic anal fissure is a benign disorder which is associated with considerable discomfort. </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><b></b></span><b><b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Aim of the Work:</span></b><span style="font-family:;" "=""><span style="font-family:Verdana;"></span></span></b><b> </b><span style="font-family:;" "=""><span style="font-family:Verdana;">The aim of this study was to compare the post-operative results of open and closed internal lateral sphincterotomies in the short and medium term.</span><b> </b></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><b></b></span><b><b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Patient and Methods:</span></b><span style="font-family:;" "=""><span style="font-family:Verdana;"></span></span></b><b> </b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">We carried out a prospective randomized comparative study in the digestive and visceral surgery departments of Central Hospital of Yaounde over a period of 15</span><span style="font-family:;" "=""> </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">months. Patients were evaluated for each technique by several variables, including duration of surgery, post-operative pain, recurrence, surgical wound infection, gas and/or stool incontinence, and healing time with follow-up up to 12</span><span style="font-family:;" "=""> </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">months postoperatively.</span><span style="font-family:;" "=""> </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><b></b></span><b><b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Results:</span></b><span style="font-family:;" "=""><span style="font-family:Verdana;"></span></span></b><b> </b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">A total of 63 patients underwent surgery within them we had 32 open lateral internal sphincterotom</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">ies</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> (group 1) and 31 closed lateral internal sphincterotom</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">ies</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> (group 2). There were 35 men and 28 women with a sex ratio of 1.25. The mean age was 35.36 ± 10.16 years with extremes ranging from 19 to 62 years. The typical presentation was pain on defecation. The majority of fissures were located at the posterior commissure. The average duration of the procedure was longer in patients in group 1 (15.34 minutes) compared to 5.22 minutes in patients in group 2. We found 3.12% of surgical wound infections in patients in group 1 and neither patient in group 2. Gas incontinence was 6.45% in group 2 patients and 28.12% in group 1.</span><span style="font-family:;" "=""> </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">The mean intensity of pain at 24 hours post-operative was between</span><span style="font-family:;" "=""> </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">4 and 6 on </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">the </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">visual analogue scale in patients in group 2 and between 7 and 10 in group 1. Wound healing time was 8.9 days in group </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">1</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> and 4 days in group 2 patients. The hospital stay was 24 hours for both groups of patients. No recurrence was noted during the 6-month</span><span style="font-family:;" "=""> </span><span style="font-family:;" "=""><span style="font-family:Verdana;">follow-up period.</span><b> </b></span><span style="font-family:;" "=""><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><b></b></span><b><b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Conclusion:</span></b><span style="font-family:Verdana;"></span></b></span><b> </b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Closed lateral internal anal sphincterotomy is the treatment of choice for chronic anal fissures because it is effective and associated with </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">a </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">lower complication rate than the open sphincterotomy technique.</span>
文摘Chronic anal fissure(CAF)is a painful tear or crack which occurs in the anoderm.The optimal algorithm of therapy for CAF is still debated.Lateral internal sphincterotomy(LIS)is a surgical treatment,considered as the'gold standard'therapy for CAF.It relieves CAF symptoms with a high rate of healing.Chemical sphincterotomy(CS)with nitrates,calcium blockers or botulinum toxin(BTX)is safe,with the rapid relief of pain,mild sideeffects and no risk of surgery or anesthesia,but is a statistically less effective therapy for CAF than LIS.This article considers if aggressive treatment should only be offered to patients who fail pharmacological sphincterotomy.Aspects of anal fissure etiology,epidemiology and pathophysiology are considered with their meaning for further management of CAF.A molecular model of chemical interdependence significant for the chemistry of CAF healing is examined.Its application may influence the development of optimal therapy for CAF.BTX is currently considered the most effective type of CS and discussion in this article scrutinizes this method specifically.Although the effectiveness of BTXvs LIS has been discussed,the essential focus of the article concerns identifying the best therapy application for anal fissure.Elements are presented which may help us to predict CAF healing.They provide rationale for the expansion of the CAF therapy algorithm.Ethical and economic factors are also considered in brief.As long as the patient is willing to accept the potential risk of fecal incontinence,we have grounds for the'gold standard'(LIS)as the first-line treatment for CAF.The author concludes that,when the diagnosis of the anal fissure is established,CS should be considered for both ethical and economic reasons.He is convinced that a greater understanding and recognition of benign anal disorders by the GP and a proactive involvement at the point of initial diagnosis would facilitate the consideration of CS at an earlier,more practical stage with improved outcomes for the patient.
文摘目的探讨无牵引架侧卧位股骨近端防旋髓内钉(proximal femoral nail antirotation,PFNA)内固定术治疗股骨粗隆间骨折的效果。方法方便选取2018年8月—2021年7月新泰市人民医院行PFNA内固定术治疗的股骨粗隆间骨折患者82例为研究对象,以随机数字表分为两组,各41例。研究组行无牵引架侧卧位PFNA内固定术,对照组行常规平卧体位持续牵引PFNA内固定术。比较两组患者髋关节恢复的优良率,手术时间、术中出血量、切口长度、骨折愈合时间及术后并发症情况。结果研究组患者髋关节恢复的优良率95.12%与对照组90.24%对比,差异无统计学意义(χ^(2)=0.180,P>0.05)。研究组手术时间(55.65±10.52)min、术中出血量(82.65±20.44)mL较对照组(90.50±8.98)min、(120.65±18.65)mL更低,差异有统计学意义(t=16.202、8.794,P<0.05),研究组切口长度(5.05±0.45)cm、骨折愈合时间(10.20±1.15)周与对照组(4.99±0.50)cm、(10.49±1.25)周对比,差异无统计学意义(t=0.571、1.093,P>0.05)。研究组术后并发症发生率7.32%与对照组7.32%对比,差异无统计学意义(χ^(2)=0.180,P>0.05)。结论采用无牵引架侧卧位开展PFNA内固定手术,利于缩短股骨粗隆间骨折患的手术时间,降低术后失血量。
文摘Anal stenosis is a rare but serious complication of anorectal surgery, most commonly seen after hemorrhoidectomy. Anal stenosis represents a technical challenge in terms of surgical management. A Medline search of studies relevant to the management of anal stenosis was undertaken. The etiology, pathophysiology and classification of anal stenosis were reviewed. An overview of surgical and non-surgical therapeutic options was developed. Ninety percent of anal stenosis is caused by overzealous hemorrhoidectomy. Treatment, both medical and surgical, should be modulated based on stenosis severity. Mild stenosis can be managed conservatively with stool softeners or fiber supplements. Sphincterotomy may be quite adequate for a patient with a mild degree of narrowing. For more severe stenosis, a formal anoplasty should be performed to treat the loss of anal canal tissue. Anal stenosis may be anatomic or functional. Anal stricture is most often a preventable complication. Many techniques have been used for the treatment of anal stenosis with variable healing rates. It is extremely difficult to interpret the results of the various anoplastic procedures described in the literature as prospective trials have not been performed. However, almost any approach will at least improve patient symptoms.
文摘目的:探讨改良肛裂切口扩创术在陈旧性肛裂治疗中的作用。方法将2009年1月~2012年12月广东省河源市人民医院94例陈旧性肛裂I期及I I期患者均分为对照组与观察组(n=47)。对照组采用常规肛裂侧位内括约肌切断手术进行手术,观察组采用改良肛裂切开扩创术进行手术,术后均进行药物辅助治疗,观察2组患者的分期治愈情况、疼痛比较、创面愈合时间及术后肛门功能。结果观察组治愈率为88.7%,显著高于对照组的71.7%(χ2=4.810,P=0.028);观察组和对照组术后疼痛评分分别为(4.67±2.64 vs 5.09±2.79)、创面愈合时间(15.3±2.09)d vs (16.8±2.34)d,相比较差异无统计学意义;术后1年随访均未发现肛门不完全性失禁以及肛门狭窄等不良并发症。结论改良肛裂切口扩创在陈旧性肛裂治疗中疗效确切,拥有更高的治愈率,值得临床推广应用。