Establishing a mechanism for international cooperation for Fukushima nuclear-contaminated water monitoring

The Japanese government’s unilateral decision to discharge the nuclear-contaminated water from the Fukushima nuclear power plant into the ocean has caused immense nuclear safety risks.Monitoring the unclear contaminated water is a starting point to combat these risks and seek remedies for the rights and interests of all concerned parties.The establishment of a mechanism for international cooperation in this respect is necessary to handle the risks of the Fukushima nuclear-contaminated water and to lay the foundation of a framework for tackling any future disposal of nuclear-contaminated water following Japan’s example.At present,the international legal systems in the spheres of nuclear safety and security,marine environmental protection,and other areas,as well as the questioning of the monitoring reports of the International Atomic Energy Agency(IAEA)by the relevant parties,the monitoring practices of historical nuclear accidents,and numerous radioactivity monitoring mechanisms have provided the institutional and practical basis for constructing such a mechanism.The mechanism can be promoted by the IAEA through its existing mechanisms or be jointly initiated by China,the Russian Federation,the Republic of Korea,the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea,and the Pacific Island countries,among other stakeholders.Specifically,this mechanism should consist of three levels:first,the framework of the basic legal system,including the cooperative principles of national sovereignty,interest-relatedness,and procedural fairness,and the signing of the Framework Convention on the Monitoring of Fukushima’s nuclear-contaminated water and its Optional Protocol;second,the organizational structure and its responsibilities,which may include the Conference of Parties as the decision-making body,the Secretariat as the central coordinating body,and the monitoring committees in various fields as specific implementing agencies;and third,specific administrative arrangements,which involve the standardization of monitoring,the management system of monitoring networks and stations,the rules for monitoring procedures,and the rules for the utilization of the monitoring data,etc.With the urgent need for the scientific and fair monitoring of Fukushima’s nuclear-contaminated water,China,as a stakeholder country,can promote the establishment of such a mechanism for monitoring nuclear-contaminated water through the following paths:①It is necessary to clarify the factors affecting the construction of an international cooperation mechanism for monitoring nuclear-contaminated water so as to ascertain the standpoints of the stakeholders,claims of their interests,contents of their cooperation,and the relevant international relations.②On the basis of existing practices,China should consider improving the monitoring mechanism to cope with the risks of the discharge of Fukushima’s nuclear-contaminated water by formulating targeted policies and systems,setting up specialized monitoring institutions,and establishing a systematic monitoring network system.③This is an effective way for China to actively promote the participation of stakeholders in the construction of an international cooperation mechanism for monitoring nuclear-contaminated water in Fukushima by further innovating the dissemination mechanism to address the risk of Fukushima’s nuclear-contaminated water discharging into the sea and facilitating the identification of issues for international cooperation in monitoring Fukushima’s nuclear-contaminated water based on the concept of a community with a shared future for mankind.

Analysis of International Cooperation Management Strategies of Enterprises under the Background of the“Belt and Road”

With the deepening of the“Belt and Road”initiative,Chinese enterprises are facing unprecedented opportunities and challenges for international cooperation.This paper mainly analyzes the current situation,existing problems,and coping strategies of enterprise international cooperation management in the context of the“Belt and Road”.This article expounds on the importance of the“Belt and Road”initiative for international cooperation of enterprises and analyzes the key links of international cooperation management of enterprises from the aspects of internationalization strategy,cross-cultural management,risk prevention and control,and resource integration.Finally,combined with the case,this paper puts forward the management strategies and suggestions that enterprises should adopt in international cooperation,to provide a useful reference for Chinese enterprises in international cooperation in the construction of the“Belt and Road.”

Regulations for the Manufacture and Control of Live Poliovirus Vaccine: International Experience and China’s Path

The eradication of poliomyelitis is a landmark achievement in the history of public health, providing strong protection for children’s health. The introduction of the Chinese Regulations for the Manufacture and Control of Live Poliovirus Vaccine is a prerequisite and safeguard for the large-scale production and use of domestically produced live poliovirus vaccines, serving as an indispensable component of vaccine safety. This article, based on archival documents, letters, collections of essays, and oral interviews, examines the historical experience of the development of Chinese Regulations for the Manufacture and Control of Live Poliovirus Vaccine. It contends that the emphasis on localization and the active engagement in international cooperation are critical factors in the swift introduction of Chinese Regulations for the Manufacture and Control of Live Poliovirus Vaccine.

Building International Consensus and Working Together to Advance the Development of the Global Human Rights Cause—Summary of Academic Views at the Forum on Global Human Rights Governance

On June 14-15,2023,the Forum on Global Human Rights Governance,jointly hosted by the State Council Information Office,the Ministry of Foreign Affairs,and the China International Development Cooperation Agency,was held in Beijing under the theme of“Equality,Cooperation and Development:The 30th Anniversary of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action and Global Human Rights Governance.”Participants conducted in-depth discussions and exchanges on topics such as“International Cooperation and Global Human Rights Governance,”“Global Development Initiative and the Realization of the Right to Development”,“Global Security Initiative and Human Rights Protection,”“UN Human Rights Mechanisms and Global Human Rights Governance,”and“Human Rights Protection in the Digital Age.”The event helped build international consensus and yielded fruitful achievements.

Dilemma and Solutions of Greenhouse Gas Emission Reduction of International Shipping

How to build an international maritime GHG(greenhouse gas)emission reduction cooperation mechanism is an important international issue at present.Firstly,we describe the current situation of maritime transport GHG emission reduction and analyze the problems that still exist in international maritime transport emission reduction from four aspects:political,economic,legal and technical.For example,geopolitical aggravation hinders the solution of the FOC(Flag of Convenience)issue;maritime emissions are not included in the carbon emission trading system;the synergy of maritime emission reduction principles under the IMO(International Maritime Organization)framework and the technical level of maritime emission reduction needs to be improved.The motivation and essence of the divergent international actions on maritime emission reduction are discussed.Finally,it is proposed to implement the“true linkage principle”to solve the problem of FOCs;to promote the development of regional carbon markets and link them to the international maritime carbon emission trading market economically;to implement the CBDR(the common but differentiated responsibilities)principle legally to promote the international emission reduction work in an orderly manner;and the technical innovation of ships and increase the technical support.

To establish CMOC China as an important component of marine data and service international cooperation in China

JCOMM has strategy to establish the network of WMO-IOC Centres for Marine-meteorological and Oceanographic Climate Data （CMOCs） under the new Marine Climate Data System （MCDS） in 2012 for improving the quality and timeliness of the marine-meteorological and oceanographic data, metadata and products available to end users. China as a candidate of CMOC China has been approved to run on a trial basis after the 4th Meeting of the Joint IOC/WMO Technical Commission for Oceanography and Marine Meteorology （JCOMM）. This article states the developing intention of CMOC China in the next few years through the brief introduction to critical marine data, products and service system and cooperation projects in the world.

Progress and Achievements of Fengyun Meteorological Satellite Program since 2022

Fengyun meteorological satellites have undergone a series of significant developments over the past 50 years.Two generations,four types,and 21 Fengyun satellites have been developed and launched,with 9 currently operational in orbit.The data obtained from Fengyun satellites is employed in a multitude of applications,including weather forecasting,meteorological disaster prevention and reduction,climate change,global environmental monitoring,and space weather.These data products and services are made available to the global community,resulting in tangible social and economic benefits.In 2023,two Fengyun meteorological satellites were successfully launched.This report presents an overview of the two recently launched Fengyun satellites and currently in orbit Fengyun satellites,including an evaluation of their remote sensing instruments since 2022.Additionally,it addresses the subject of Fengyun satellite data archiving,data services,application services,international cooperation,and supporting activities.Furthermore,the development prospects have been outlined.

Promoting China-U.S.Arctic education cooperation:challenges,opportunities and recommendations

Arctic education refers not only to the teaching,but also to research,communication,dissemination as well as popularization of knowledge related to the Arctic.This article reviews joint efforts between Chinese and American educators and researchers to promote cooperation and understanding in Arctic education and research,and examines the facing challenges of China-U.S.Arctic education cooperation which include current political or economic tensions between the two countries,the differing perspectives and priorities on Arctic policy,the disproportion in Arctic scientific research,different research methodologies and discourse system in social science.This article also argues that there are opportunities for the two countries to cooperate in Arctic education.Common goals and interests in the Arctic,Arctic-dedicated institutions with significant Arctic research capabilities and partnerships around the world provide foundations for Arctic education cooperation.The implementation of a new science-based Arctic treaty of the Arctic Council is an opportunity for China-U.S.Arctic education cooperation.As for future cooperation,it suggests that in addition to promoting the direct bilateral cooperation,cooperation within international cooperation platforms and mechanisms,especially within the Arctic Council also needs to be further promoted.

Strengthening International Cooperation in the New Millennium

Attheturnofthenewmillennium,IwouldliketoextendthebestwishestoallChineseandforeignfriendsofeconomicandtradecircles,onbehalfofChinaCouncilforthePromotionofInternationalTrade(CCPIT)andChinaChamberofInternationalCommerce(CCOIC).CCPIThasbeendedicatedtopro...

A Brief Introduction to the International Lunar Research Station Program and the Interstellar Express Mission

China has planned and implemented a series of lunar and deep space exploration programs since the first lunar exploration satellite Chang’E-1 launched in 2007.In the future,China has initiated the international lunar research station program,which aims to build a shared platform on the Moon jointly with many other countries for long-term and continuous lunar exploration,lunar-based observations and experiments,as well as in-situ resource utilization.In addition,China has also proposed an interstellar express mission to unveil the mysteries of the outer heliosphere,nearby interstellar space,and their interactions.This paper gives a brief introduction to the International Lunar Research Station program and the Interstellar Express mission.

Putting Faces to Names： Snapshots of Two Committee Meetings, 95 Years Apart, Emphasize Continuous International Cooperation in the Atmospheric Sciences

1.Introduction Spectacular advances have been made in the atmospheric sciences on a global level during a period of one hundred years or more,which is arguably most evident through"the quiet revolution of numerical weather prediction"(Bauer et

International Cooperation in Adaptation to Climate Change: Foreign Agendas or Local Necessities?

The paper aims to analyze climate change adaptation projects funded from international cooperation in Veracruz, which is a Mexican state. They used 5 criteria based on international, national and local dimensions as well as their relation to climate adaptation. From this evaluation, they were able to determine that the results were particularly negative. Mostly, because the objectives set by donor countries are scarcely related to the objectives and priorities of recipient countries, in this case developing countries, which are the most vulnerable to climate change. This provides insight into international collaborative projects in developing states and their impact on the socioeconomic, environmental and vulnerable ecosystems.

Developing International Economic and Technological Cooperation in Zhe Jiang

Zhejiang is a coastal province with advanced economy,solid foundation of industry and agriculture and all-comprehensive industry sectors,and with lignht industry andtextile as the mainstay Its popularized education,advancedscience and technology and ample supply of high-quality labourforce benefit itselt involving in foreign project contracting,labour export and overseas investment.Since 1979,Zhejianghas accepted more than ten foreign projects worth US$300million and supplied labour service to 40 countries。

Review on international cooperation of CNC-IHDP

Chinese National Committee for the International Human Dimensions Programme on Global Environmental Change （CNC-IHDP） is a newly founded academic organization in China aiming at promoting the research on Human Dimensions of Global Environmental Changes （HDGEC）. Intemational cooperation is an important part of CNC-IHDP＇s activities. This paper makes a brief review on current international cooperation that has been developed, and introduces some aspects on which to focus in future.

INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION PROMOTING THE DEVELOPMENT OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY

On the occasion of celebrating the 45th anniversary of the founding of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(CAS), in recalling the development history of the CAS’s international exchange and cooperation,we feel gratified to see that it has entered into an unprecedented era of dynamic expansion and progress. The CAS’s international cooperation experienced a stage of "exchange only with eastern countries" in its inceptive years and at a time of actual stagnation in"cultural revolution". It was the Third Session of the Eleventh Congress of the Chinese Communist

Internationalized Talents Cultivation of Yunnan and South-Asia Propelled by Joint Efforts of Government, University and Enterprise On International Exchange and Cooperation Among Yunnan and South-Asia Under ＂The Belt and Road Initiative＂

＂The Belt and Road Initiative＂ needs internationalized talents. To deepen the international cooperation of higher education with South-Asia countries depends on the cooperation and joint efforts from government, universities, and enterprises, which aimed at promoting internationalized talents＇ development. What＇s more, they should verify their responsibilities and strengthen their relationships and connects, jointly improving international talents cultivation of Yunnan and South-Asia countries. Therefore, more high quality talents with high identity for ＂The Belt and Road Initiative＂ will be cultivated, which will promote the economic development of Yunnan province and South-Asia countries.

International Cooperation Projects in Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences

1. CERP The Cooperative Ecological Research Programme (CERP) is a joint plan to study the Man and Biosphere (MAB) ecosystem in our country, founded by Germany through UNESCO. The second-stage projects of CERP had been undertaken in 1991, including: (1) Study on the Ecological Strategy for the Urban Development of Tianjin City Exemplifying the large industrial city, it is to study the succession mechanism, cybernetic characteristics, and systems analytic methods of identification, simulation and planning, of the Social-Economic-Natural Com-

The Changing Identity of China in Global Governance and International Institutions

As global issues become more prominent and complex, various actors in the international community are strengthening global governance through systems of international cooperation. Different international actors have different identities, responsibilities and roles in international institutions due to their comprehensive strengths. They are roughly divided into three types: followers, supporters and leaders. Since the founding of the People's Republic of China in 1949, its process of participation in international institutions and global governance has been obviously staged.In recent years, China has actively participated in various major international activities and carried out a series of diplomatic activities at home, which further demonstrates its involvement from a single participant to both a leader and a participant. In the existing traditional, modified and innovative international institutions, China is essentially playing a dual role, namely the roles of participant and supporter, the supporter and reformer, and the supporter and leader.

Call for Papers The 6^(th) International Conference on Grid and Cooperative Computing

Recent years have seen rapid advances in various grid-related technologies, middleware, and applications. The GCC conference has become one of the largest scientific events worldwide in grid and cooperative computing. The 6th international conference on grid and cooperative computing (GCC2007) Sponsored by China Computer Federation (CCF),Institute of Computing Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (ICT) and Xinjiang University ,and in Cooperation with IEEE Computer Soceity ,is to be held from August 16 to 18, 2007 in Urumchi, Xinjiang, China.

BRICS Summit and Improvement of ＂International Fan＂ Urban Environment in Xiamen

Through the research and analysis of the BRICS countries in the academic community from 2012 to 2016,the development prospects of the BRICS summit and the BRICS countries were discussed,and the spirit of Xiamen welcoming to the BRICS summit was demonstrated. It can help Xiamen to better grasp and apply the historic opportunity of the BRICS summit,guide and promote the continuous development of social economy in Xiamen,consolidate and carry forward the fruitful results of reform and opening up in Xiamen,and turn Xiamen into a more ＂ international fan＂ metropolis.