Objective To evaluate the effects of endovascular embolization treatment for intracranial aneurysms in different time. Methods The clinical data of 165 cases of ruptured intracranial aneurysm treated by endovascular t...Objective To evaluate the effects of endovascular embolization treatment for intracranial aneurysms in different time. Methods The clinical data of 165 cases of ruptured intracranial aneurysm treated by endovascular treatment were analysed retrospectively. The patients were divided into 3 groups accrodding to展开更多
Chronic hepatitis B(CHB)virus infection is a global public health problem,affecting more than 400 million people worldwide.The clinical spectrum is wide,ranging from a subclinical inactive carrier state,to progressive...Chronic hepatitis B(CHB)virus infection is a global public health problem,affecting more than 400 million people worldwide.The clinical spectrum is wide,ranging from a subclinical inactive carrier state,to progressive chronic hepatitis,cirrhosis,decompensation,and hepatocellular carcinoma.However,complications of hepatitis B virus(HBV)-related chronic liver disease may be reduced by viral suppression.Current international guidelines recommend first-line treatment of CHB infection with pegylated interferon,entecavir,or tenofovir,but the optimal treatment for an individualpatient is controversial.The indications for treatment are contentious,and increasing evidence suggests that HBV genotyping,as well as serial on-treatment measurements of hepatitis B surface antigen and HBV DNA kinetics should be used to predict antiviral treatment response.The likelihood of achieving a sustained virological response is also increased by extending treatment duration,and using combination therapy.Hence the paradigm for treatment of CHB is constantly evolving.This article summarizes the different indications for treatment,and systematically reviews the evidence for the efficacy of various antiviral agents.It further discusses the shortcomings of current guidelines,use of rescue therapy in drug-resistant strains of HBV,and highlights the promising clinical trials for emerging therapies in the pipeline.This concise overview presents an updated practical approach to guide the clinical management of CHB.展开更多
Objective: To investigate the prognostic factors of coma due to intracranial infection in children, in order to judge the prognosis of coma earlier and guide appropriate treatment. Methods: 1) Collecting the clinical ...Objective: To investigate the prognostic factors of coma due to intracranial infection in children, in order to judge the prognosis of coma earlier and guide appropriate treatment. Methods: 1) Collecting the clinical data of 39 comatose children due to intracranial infection admitted into Department of Neurology in Children’s Hospital of Chongqing Medical University from July to September 2007 and 2009, and analyzing their age and sex distribution, causes of coma, and laboratory examinations retrospectively. 2) Implementing the Glasgow coma score among these children immediately after admission, and collecting the serum and cerebrospinal fluid within 24 - 48 hours, and then measuring the NSE levels. 3) Following up these children 3 months after discharge, and analyzing the relationships among prognosis and age, sex, etiology, protein content in CSF, and NSE levels in Serum and CSF. Results: 1) In the cases studied, the age range was from 9 months to 14 years, the average age was (4.25 ± 2.82) years, and 9 months - 3 years, 3 - 5 years, 5 - 11 years, and ≥11 years were accounted for 33.3%, 30.8%, 30.8%, 5.1% respectively. There were 24 males and 15 females, and the gender ratio (male-to-female) was 1.6:1. 2) The group of 39 patients consists of Japanese encephalitis (23 cases, 59%), Viral encephalitis (5 cases, 12.8%), Tuberculous meningitis (5 cases, 12.8%), Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (5 cases, 12.8%) and Purulent meningitis (1 cases, 2.6%). 3) CSF examination in 33 cases, protein elevated in 18 cases (54.5%), content between 0.47 and 4.33 g/L. 4) The statistical analysis showed that the causes, CSF protein content, serum and cerebrospinal fluid NSE levels were correlated with the prognosis, and that the age and sex had no correlation with the prognosis. Conclusions: 1) In this group of 39 patients, the incidence of children under 5 years old was the highest, and the incidence of boys was higher than girls. 2) Infectious diseases were the most common cause of coma in children. 3) Cerebrospinal fluid protein content was correlated with the prognosis, and the prognosis was worse as the protein content was higher. 4) NSE was a specific biochemical parameter of pathological damage?nerve tissue;serum NSE levels could indirectly reflect the changes in CSF.展开更多
Objective To investigate the clinical effect of valvuloplasty on infective endocarditis ( IE) . Methods antimicrobial susceptibility was tested by K - B paper disk method. All the cases were treated with valvuloplasty...Objective To investigate the clinical effect of valvuloplasty on infective endocarditis ( IE) . Methods antimicrobial susceptibility was tested by K - B paper disk method. All the cases were treated with valvuloplasty. Results Totally 28 cases ( 43. 8% ) showed positive results by blood culture,and the main pathogens展开更多
Zika virus(ZIKV)is the causative agent of a viral infection that causes neurological complications in newborns and adults worldwide.Its wide transmission route and alarming spread rates are of great concern to the sci...Zika virus(ZIKV)is the causative agent of a viral infection that causes neurological complications in newborns and adults worldwide.Its wide transmission route and alarming spread rates are of great concern to the scientific community.Numerous trials have been conducted to develop treatment options for ZIKV infection.This review highlights the latest developments in the fields of vaccinology and pharmaceuticals developments for ZIKV infection.A systematic and comprehensive approach was used to gather relevant and up-to-date data so that inferences could be made about the gaps in therapeutic development.The results indicate that several therapeutic interventions are being tested against ZIKV infection,such as DNA vaccines,subunit vaccines,live-attenuated vaccines,virus-vector-based vaccines,inactivated vaccines,virus-like particles,and mRNA-based vaccines.In addition,approved anti-ZIKV drugs that can reduce the global burden are discussed.Although many vaccine candidates for ZIKV are at different stages of development,none of them have received Food and Drug Authority approval for use up to now.The issue of side effects associated with these drugs in vulnerable newborns and pregnant women is a major obstacle in the therapeutic pathway.展开更多
AIM:To investigate the influence of chronic hepatitis B virus(HBV)infection[based on the status of hepatitis B e antigen(HBeAg),HBV DNA,and cirrhosis]on superimposed acute hepatitis E.METHODS:A total of 294 patients w...AIM:To investigate the influence of chronic hepatitis B virus(HBV)infection[based on the status of hepatitis B e antigen(HBeAg),HBV DNA,and cirrhosis]on superimposed acute hepatitis E.METHODS:A total of 294 patients were recruited from the Department of Infectious Diseases of the Third Affiliated Hospital,Sun Yat-sen University,from January 2003 to January 2012.The patients were classified into two groups:an HBV+hepatitis E virus(HEV)group(a group with chronic HBV infection that was superinfected with acute hepatitis E,n=118)and an HEV group(a group with acute hepatitis E,n=176).We retrospectively analyzed and compared the clinical features of the two groups.Statistical analyses were performed using theχ2test or Fisher’s exact test for categorical variables and the Student’s t test forcontinuous variables.A P value<0.05 was considered statistically significant.RESULTS:The peak values of prothrombin time,serum total bilirubin,and Model for End-Stage Liver Disease scores were significantly higher in the HBV+HEV group.More patients in the HBV+HEV group had complications(39.8%vs 16.5%,P=0.000)and developed liver failure(35.6%vs 8.5%,P=0.000).Additionally,the mortality of the HBV+HEV group was significantly higher(20.3%vs 7.4%,P=0.002).Further analysis of the HBV+HEV group showed that there were no significant differences in complication occurrence,liver failure incidence,or mortality between patients with different HBeAg and HBV DNA statuses.However,in patients with underlying cirrhosis,complication occurrence and liver failure incidence significantly increased.In total,12.7%of the patients in the HBV+HEV group received anti-HBV treatment,but this therapy failed to reduce mortality in patients who developed liver failure.CONCLUSION:The presence of underlying cirrhosis in chronic HBV infection results in more severe clinical outcomes with superimposed acute hepatitis E.AntiHBV treatment cannot improve the prognosis of liver failure caused by HBV-HEV superinfection.展开更多
文摘Objective To evaluate the effects of endovascular embolization treatment for intracranial aneurysms in different time. Methods The clinical data of 165 cases of ruptured intracranial aneurysm treated by endovascular treatment were analysed retrospectively. The patients were divided into 3 groups accrodding to
基金Supported by Collaborative Research Fund(CUHK3/CRF/12RHKU3/CRF11R)of the Research Grant Council Hong Kong+2 种基金National Basic Research Program of China,973 Program,No.2013CB531401CUHK Focused Investments Scheme B to HY LanTheme-based Research Scheme of the Hong Kong Re-search Grants Council,No.T12-403-11
文摘Chronic hepatitis B(CHB)virus infection is a global public health problem,affecting more than 400 million people worldwide.The clinical spectrum is wide,ranging from a subclinical inactive carrier state,to progressive chronic hepatitis,cirrhosis,decompensation,and hepatocellular carcinoma.However,complications of hepatitis B virus(HBV)-related chronic liver disease may be reduced by viral suppression.Current international guidelines recommend first-line treatment of CHB infection with pegylated interferon,entecavir,or tenofovir,but the optimal treatment for an individualpatient is controversial.The indications for treatment are contentious,and increasing evidence suggests that HBV genotyping,as well as serial on-treatment measurements of hepatitis B surface antigen and HBV DNA kinetics should be used to predict antiviral treatment response.The likelihood of achieving a sustained virological response is also increased by extending treatment duration,and using combination therapy.Hence the paradigm for treatment of CHB is constantly evolving.This article summarizes the different indications for treatment,and systematically reviews the evidence for the efficacy of various antiviral agents.It further discusses the shortcomings of current guidelines,use of rescue therapy in drug-resistant strains of HBV,and highlights the promising clinical trials for emerging therapies in the pipeline.This concise overview presents an updated practical approach to guide the clinical management of CHB.
文摘Objective: To investigate the prognostic factors of coma due to intracranial infection in children, in order to judge the prognosis of coma earlier and guide appropriate treatment. Methods: 1) Collecting the clinical data of 39 comatose children due to intracranial infection admitted into Department of Neurology in Children’s Hospital of Chongqing Medical University from July to September 2007 and 2009, and analyzing their age and sex distribution, causes of coma, and laboratory examinations retrospectively. 2) Implementing the Glasgow coma score among these children immediately after admission, and collecting the serum and cerebrospinal fluid within 24 - 48 hours, and then measuring the NSE levels. 3) Following up these children 3 months after discharge, and analyzing the relationships among prognosis and age, sex, etiology, protein content in CSF, and NSE levels in Serum and CSF. Results: 1) In the cases studied, the age range was from 9 months to 14 years, the average age was (4.25 ± 2.82) years, and 9 months - 3 years, 3 - 5 years, 5 - 11 years, and ≥11 years were accounted for 33.3%, 30.8%, 30.8%, 5.1% respectively. There were 24 males and 15 females, and the gender ratio (male-to-female) was 1.6:1. 2) The group of 39 patients consists of Japanese encephalitis (23 cases, 59%), Viral encephalitis (5 cases, 12.8%), Tuberculous meningitis (5 cases, 12.8%), Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (5 cases, 12.8%) and Purulent meningitis (1 cases, 2.6%). 3) CSF examination in 33 cases, protein elevated in 18 cases (54.5%), content between 0.47 and 4.33 g/L. 4) The statistical analysis showed that the causes, CSF protein content, serum and cerebrospinal fluid NSE levels were correlated with the prognosis, and that the age and sex had no correlation with the prognosis. Conclusions: 1) In this group of 39 patients, the incidence of children under 5 years old was the highest, and the incidence of boys was higher than girls. 2) Infectious diseases were the most common cause of coma in children. 3) Cerebrospinal fluid protein content was correlated with the prognosis, and the prognosis was worse as the protein content was higher. 4) NSE was a specific biochemical parameter of pathological damage?nerve tissue;serum NSE levels could indirectly reflect the changes in CSF.
文摘Objective To investigate the clinical effect of valvuloplasty on infective endocarditis ( IE) . Methods antimicrobial susceptibility was tested by K - B paper disk method. All the cases were treated with valvuloplasty. Results Totally 28 cases ( 43. 8% ) showed positive results by blood culture,and the main pathogens
基金This work is supported by the United Arab Emirates University UPAR(Grant No.G3458).
文摘Zika virus(ZIKV)is the causative agent of a viral infection that causes neurological complications in newborns and adults worldwide.Its wide transmission route and alarming spread rates are of great concern to the scientific community.Numerous trials have been conducted to develop treatment options for ZIKV infection.This review highlights the latest developments in the fields of vaccinology and pharmaceuticals developments for ZIKV infection.A systematic and comprehensive approach was used to gather relevant and up-to-date data so that inferences could be made about the gaps in therapeutic development.The results indicate that several therapeutic interventions are being tested against ZIKV infection,such as DNA vaccines,subunit vaccines,live-attenuated vaccines,virus-vector-based vaccines,inactivated vaccines,virus-like particles,and mRNA-based vaccines.In addition,approved anti-ZIKV drugs that can reduce the global burden are discussed.Although many vaccine candidates for ZIKV are at different stages of development,none of them have received Food and Drug Authority approval for use up to now.The issue of side effects associated with these drugs in vulnerable newborns and pregnant women is a major obstacle in the therapeutic pathway.
文摘AIM:To investigate the influence of chronic hepatitis B virus(HBV)infection[based on the status of hepatitis B e antigen(HBeAg),HBV DNA,and cirrhosis]on superimposed acute hepatitis E.METHODS:A total of 294 patients were recruited from the Department of Infectious Diseases of the Third Affiliated Hospital,Sun Yat-sen University,from January 2003 to January 2012.The patients were classified into two groups:an HBV+hepatitis E virus(HEV)group(a group with chronic HBV infection that was superinfected with acute hepatitis E,n=118)and an HEV group(a group with acute hepatitis E,n=176).We retrospectively analyzed and compared the clinical features of the two groups.Statistical analyses were performed using theχ2test or Fisher’s exact test for categorical variables and the Student’s t test forcontinuous variables.A P value<0.05 was considered statistically significant.RESULTS:The peak values of prothrombin time,serum total bilirubin,and Model for End-Stage Liver Disease scores were significantly higher in the HBV+HEV group.More patients in the HBV+HEV group had complications(39.8%vs 16.5%,P=0.000)and developed liver failure(35.6%vs 8.5%,P=0.000).Additionally,the mortality of the HBV+HEV group was significantly higher(20.3%vs 7.4%,P=0.002).Further analysis of the HBV+HEV group showed that there were no significant differences in complication occurrence,liver failure incidence,or mortality between patients with different HBeAg and HBV DNA statuses.However,in patients with underlying cirrhosis,complication occurrence and liver failure incidence significantly increased.In total,12.7%of the patients in the HBV+HEV group received anti-HBV treatment,but this therapy failed to reduce mortality in patients who developed liver failure.CONCLUSION:The presence of underlying cirrhosis in chronic HBV infection results in more severe clinical outcomes with superimposed acute hepatitis E.AntiHBV treatment cannot improve the prognosis of liver failure caused by HBV-HEV superinfection.
