Neonatal adrenal hemorrhage is frequently associated with birth trauma, perinatal asphyxia, intrauterine infection, coagulation defects and thromboembolism. It has varied clinical presentation depending on degree of h...Neonatal adrenal hemorrhage is frequently associated with birth trauma, perinatal asphyxia, intrauterine infection, coagulation defects and thromboembolism. It has varied clinical presentation depending on degree of hemorrhage and amount of adrenal cortex compromised by hemorrhage. The most common clinical presentations are persistent jaundice and flank mass. We report a case of left sided adrenal hemorrhage in a breech delivered male neonate with perinatal asphyxia presented with anemia and fever. On further evaluation, he was also having moderate communicating hydrocephalus secondary to intraventricular hemorrhage. The adrenal hemorrhage was managed conservatively. Subsequent abdominal ultrasound showed resolving adrenal hemorrhage. Right ventriculoperitoneal shunt was done for hydrocephalus. Postoperative course was uneventful. The patient is asymptomatic at follow-up.展开更多
BACKGROUND Germinal matrix intraventricular hemorrhage(IVH)may contribute to significant morbidity and mortality in premature infants.Timely identification and grading of IVH affect decision-making and clinical outcom...BACKGROUND Germinal matrix intraventricular hemorrhage(IVH)may contribute to significant morbidity and mortality in premature infants.Timely identification and grading of IVH affect decision-making and clinical outcomes.There is possibility of misinterpretation of the ultrasound appearances,and the interobserver variability has not been investigated between radiology resident and board-certified radiologist.AIM To assess interobserver reliability between senior radiology residents performing bedside cranial ultrasound during on-call hours and pediatric radiologists.METHODS From June 2018 to June 2020,neonatal cranial ultrasound examinations were performed in neonatal intensive care unit.Ultrasound findings were recorded by the residents performing the ultrasound and the pediatric attending radiologists.RESULTS In total,200 neonates were included in the study,with a mean gestational age of 30.9 wk.Interobserver agreement for higher grade(Grade III&IV)IVH was excellent.There was substantial agreement for lower grade(Grade I&II)IVH.CONCLUSION There is strong agreement between radiology residents and pediatric radiologists,which is higher for high grade IVHs.展开更多
BACKGROUND Umbilical cord milking(UCM)is an alternative placental transfusion method for delayed umbilical cord clamping in routine obstetric practice,allowing prompt resuscitation of an infant.Thus,UCM has been adopt...BACKGROUND Umbilical cord milking(UCM)is an alternative placental transfusion method for delayed umbilical cord clamping in routine obstetric practice,allowing prompt resuscitation of an infant.Thus,UCM has been adopted at some tertiary neonatal centers for preterm infants to enhance placental-to-fetal transfusion.It is not suggested for babies less than 28 wk of gestational age because it is associated with severe brain hemorrhage.For late preterm or term infants who do not require resuscitation,cord management is recommended to increase iron levels and prevent the development of iron deficiency anemia,which is associated with impaired motor development,behavioral problems,and cognitive delays.Concerns remain about whether UCM increases the incidence of intraventricular hemorrhage.However,there are very few reports of late preterm infants presenting with neonatal hemorrhage stroke(NHS)and severe coagulopathy after receiving UCM.Here,we report a case of a late preterm infant born at 34 wk of gestation.She abruptly deteriorated,exhibiting signs and symptoms of NHS and severe coagulopathy after receiving UCM on the first day of life.CASE SUMMARY A female preterm infant born at 34 wk of gestation received UCM after birth.She was small for her gestational age and described as vigorous with Apgar scores of 9 and 10 at one minute and five minutes of life,respectively.After hospitalization in the neonatal intensive care unit,she showed hypoglycemia and metabolic acidosis.The baby was administered glucose and sodium bicarbonate infusions.Intramuscular vitamin K1 was also used to prevent vitamin K deficiency.The baby developed umbilical cord bleeding and gastric bleeding on day 1 of life;a physical examination showed bilateral conjunctival hemorrhage,and a blood test showed thrombocytopenia,prolonged prothrombin time,prolonged activated partial thromboplastin time,low fibrinogen,raised D-dimer levels and anemia.A subsequent cranial ultrasound and computed tomography scan showed a left parenchymal brain hemorrhage with extension into the ventricular and subarachnoid spaces.The patient was diagnosed with NHS in addition to disseminated intravascular coagulation(DIC).Fresh frozen plasma(FFP)and prothrombin complex concentrate were given for coagulopathy.Red blood cell and platelet transfusions were provided for thrombocytopenia and anemia.A bolus of midazolam,intravenous calcium and phenobarbital sodium were administered to control seizures.The baby’s clinical condition improved on day 5 of life,and the baby was hospitalized for 46 d and recovered well without seizure recurrence.Our case report suggests that preterm infants who receive UCM should undergo careful clinical assessment for intracranial hemorrhage,NHS and severe coagulopathy that may develop under certain circumstances.Supportive management,such as intensive care,FFP and blood transfusion,is recommended when the development of massive NHS and associated DIC is suspected.CONCLUSION Our case report suggests that for late preterm infants who are small for gestational age and who receive UCM for alternative placental transfusion,neonatal health care professionals should be cautious in assessing the development of NHS and severe coagulopathy.Neonatal health care professionals should also be more cautious in assessing the complications of late preterm infants after they receive UCM.展开更多
Objective:To investigate the effect of misoprostol and oxytocin combined with calcium gluconate on parturient with high-risk postpartum hemorrhage.Methods:The clinical data of 80 parturient with high-risk postpartum h...Objective:To investigate the effect of misoprostol and oxytocin combined with calcium gluconate on parturient with high-risk postpartum hemorrhage.Methods:The clinical data of 80 parturient with high-risk postpartum hemorrhage who were treated in our hospital from July 2016 to July 2019 were retrospectively analyzed.According to different treatment methods,they were divided into control group(treated with misoprostol combined with oxytocin,40 cases)and observation group(treated with misoprostol and oxytocin combined with calcium gluconate,40 cases),compared the clinical efficacy,delivery time,postpartum hemorrhage 2 hour after delivery,postpartum hemorrhage 24 hours after delivery and Apgar score of the newborns at 1min after birth.Results:The total effective rate(95.00%)in the observation group was higher than that in the control group(77.50%),and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).The third delivery stage in the observation group was shorter than that in the control group,and the postpartum hemorrhage volume was less than that in the control group.The difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).There was no significant difference in Apgar score of the two groups of newborns(P>0.05).Conclusion:Misoprostol and oxytocin combined with calcium gluconate is effective in treating high-risk postpartum hemorrhage parturient,which not only can effectively reduce postpartum hemorrhage and shorten the delivery time,but also is beneficial for neonatal outcome and worthy of clinical application.展开更多
目的探讨彩色多普勒超声联合血清神经元特异性烯醇化酶(neuron-specific enolase,NSE)及5 min Apgar评分对新生儿颅内出血(intracranial hemorrhage,ICH)的诊断价值及影响ICH发生的危险因素。方法选取2019年2月至2021年3月承德市中心医...目的探讨彩色多普勒超声联合血清神经元特异性烯醇化酶(neuron-specific enolase,NSE)及5 min Apgar评分对新生儿颅内出血(intracranial hemorrhage,ICH)的诊断价值及影响ICH发生的危险因素。方法选取2019年2月至2021年3月承德市中心医院新生儿科收治的存在颅脑损伤危险因素的253例新生儿为研究对象,均接受彩色多普勒超声检查,根据是否存在ICH分为ICH组(n=99)和无ICH组(n=154)。观察并比较两组彩色多普勒超声参数[收缩期峰值流速(peak systolicvelocity,PSV)、阻力指数(resistance index,RI)、舒张末期流速(end diastolic velocity,EDV)]、血清NSE水平、5 min Apgar评分情况,分析血清NSE水平、Apgar评分与彩色多普勒超声参数的相关性及三者联合检测对新生儿ICH的诊断价值,并分析ICH发生的主要影响因素。统计学方法采用独立样本t检验、χ^(2)检验、Pearson相关性分析、Logistic回归分析及受试者操作特征(receiver operating characteristic,ROC)曲线分析。结果ICH组与无ICH组PSV[(6.4±1.2)cm/s与(10.1±1.4)cm/s,t=21.628]、RI(0.6±0.1与0.7±0.1,t=8.144)、EDV[(2.5±0.4)cm/s与(3.1±0.4)cm/s,t=13.216]以及5 min Apgar评分[(6.5±1.7)分与(8.8±1.0)分,t=13.308]比较,ICH组均显著低于无ICH组(P值均<0.001);血清NSE水平显著高于无ICH组[(149.1±10.6)μg/L与(95.2±10.4)μg/L,t=40.015,P<0.001]。ICH组血清NSE水平与彩色多普勒超声参数PSV、RI、EDV呈负相关(r值分为-0.573、-0.520、-0.536,P值均<0.05);5 min Apgar评分与彩色多普勒超声参数PSV、RI、EDV呈正相关(r值分别为0.601、0.529、0.505,P值均<0.05)。ROC曲线结果发现,彩色多普勒超声、血清NSE水平、5 min Apgar评分联合诊断新生儿ICH的曲线下面积(area under the curve,AUC)最大,为0.861。单因素分析显示,与无ICH组比较,ICH组患儿的胎龄更小,出生体质量、5 min Apgar评分更低,出生窒息、应用多巴胺、应用机械通气比例及血清NSE水平更高,差异有统计学意义(P值均<0.05)。多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示,胎龄<32周、出生体质量<1500 g、血清NSE水平>117.95μg/L、5 min Apgar评分<7分是诱发ICH的独立危险因素。结论彩色多普勒超声联合血清NSE及5 min Apgar评分可提高ICH的诊断价值;胎龄<32周、出生体质量<1500 g、血清NSE水平>117.95μg/L、5 min Apgar评分<7分是诱发ICH的独立危险因素。展开更多
文摘Neonatal adrenal hemorrhage is frequently associated with birth trauma, perinatal asphyxia, intrauterine infection, coagulation defects and thromboembolism. It has varied clinical presentation depending on degree of hemorrhage and amount of adrenal cortex compromised by hemorrhage. The most common clinical presentations are persistent jaundice and flank mass. We report a case of left sided adrenal hemorrhage in a breech delivered male neonate with perinatal asphyxia presented with anemia and fever. On further evaluation, he was also having moderate communicating hydrocephalus secondary to intraventricular hemorrhage. The adrenal hemorrhage was managed conservatively. Subsequent abdominal ultrasound showed resolving adrenal hemorrhage. Right ventriculoperitoneal shunt was done for hydrocephalus. Postoperative course was uneventful. The patient is asymptomatic at follow-up.
文摘BACKGROUND Germinal matrix intraventricular hemorrhage(IVH)may contribute to significant morbidity and mortality in premature infants.Timely identification and grading of IVH affect decision-making and clinical outcomes.There is possibility of misinterpretation of the ultrasound appearances,and the interobserver variability has not been investigated between radiology resident and board-certified radiologist.AIM To assess interobserver reliability between senior radiology residents performing bedside cranial ultrasound during on-call hours and pediatric radiologists.METHODS From June 2018 to June 2020,neonatal cranial ultrasound examinations were performed in neonatal intensive care unit.Ultrasound findings were recorded by the residents performing the ultrasound and the pediatric attending radiologists.RESULTS In total,200 neonates were included in the study,with a mean gestational age of 30.9 wk.Interobserver agreement for higher grade(Grade III&IV)IVH was excellent.There was substantial agreement for lower grade(Grade I&II)IVH.CONCLUSION There is strong agreement between radiology residents and pediatric radiologists,which is higher for high grade IVHs.
基金Supported by Zhejiang Province Medical Science and Technology Foundation of China,No.2021PY057.
文摘BACKGROUND Umbilical cord milking(UCM)is an alternative placental transfusion method for delayed umbilical cord clamping in routine obstetric practice,allowing prompt resuscitation of an infant.Thus,UCM has been adopted at some tertiary neonatal centers for preterm infants to enhance placental-to-fetal transfusion.It is not suggested for babies less than 28 wk of gestational age because it is associated with severe brain hemorrhage.For late preterm or term infants who do not require resuscitation,cord management is recommended to increase iron levels and prevent the development of iron deficiency anemia,which is associated with impaired motor development,behavioral problems,and cognitive delays.Concerns remain about whether UCM increases the incidence of intraventricular hemorrhage.However,there are very few reports of late preterm infants presenting with neonatal hemorrhage stroke(NHS)and severe coagulopathy after receiving UCM.Here,we report a case of a late preterm infant born at 34 wk of gestation.She abruptly deteriorated,exhibiting signs and symptoms of NHS and severe coagulopathy after receiving UCM on the first day of life.CASE SUMMARY A female preterm infant born at 34 wk of gestation received UCM after birth.She was small for her gestational age and described as vigorous with Apgar scores of 9 and 10 at one minute and five minutes of life,respectively.After hospitalization in the neonatal intensive care unit,she showed hypoglycemia and metabolic acidosis.The baby was administered glucose and sodium bicarbonate infusions.Intramuscular vitamin K1 was also used to prevent vitamin K deficiency.The baby developed umbilical cord bleeding and gastric bleeding on day 1 of life;a physical examination showed bilateral conjunctival hemorrhage,and a blood test showed thrombocytopenia,prolonged prothrombin time,prolonged activated partial thromboplastin time,low fibrinogen,raised D-dimer levels and anemia.A subsequent cranial ultrasound and computed tomography scan showed a left parenchymal brain hemorrhage with extension into the ventricular and subarachnoid spaces.The patient was diagnosed with NHS in addition to disseminated intravascular coagulation(DIC).Fresh frozen plasma(FFP)and prothrombin complex concentrate were given for coagulopathy.Red blood cell and platelet transfusions were provided for thrombocytopenia and anemia.A bolus of midazolam,intravenous calcium and phenobarbital sodium were administered to control seizures.The baby’s clinical condition improved on day 5 of life,and the baby was hospitalized for 46 d and recovered well without seizure recurrence.Our case report suggests that preterm infants who receive UCM should undergo careful clinical assessment for intracranial hemorrhage,NHS and severe coagulopathy that may develop under certain circumstances.Supportive management,such as intensive care,FFP and blood transfusion,is recommended when the development of massive NHS and associated DIC is suspected.CONCLUSION Our case report suggests that for late preterm infants who are small for gestational age and who receive UCM for alternative placental transfusion,neonatal health care professionals should be cautious in assessing the development of NHS and severe coagulopathy.Neonatal health care professionals should also be more cautious in assessing the complications of late preterm infants after they receive UCM.
文摘Objective:To investigate the effect of misoprostol and oxytocin combined with calcium gluconate on parturient with high-risk postpartum hemorrhage.Methods:The clinical data of 80 parturient with high-risk postpartum hemorrhage who were treated in our hospital from July 2016 to July 2019 were retrospectively analyzed.According to different treatment methods,they were divided into control group(treated with misoprostol combined with oxytocin,40 cases)and observation group(treated with misoprostol and oxytocin combined with calcium gluconate,40 cases),compared the clinical efficacy,delivery time,postpartum hemorrhage 2 hour after delivery,postpartum hemorrhage 24 hours after delivery and Apgar score of the newborns at 1min after birth.Results:The total effective rate(95.00%)in the observation group was higher than that in the control group(77.50%),and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).The third delivery stage in the observation group was shorter than that in the control group,and the postpartum hemorrhage volume was less than that in the control group.The difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).There was no significant difference in Apgar score of the two groups of newborns(P>0.05).Conclusion:Misoprostol and oxytocin combined with calcium gluconate is effective in treating high-risk postpartum hemorrhage parturient,which not only can effectively reduce postpartum hemorrhage and shorten the delivery time,but also is beneficial for neonatal outcome and worthy of clinical application.
文摘目的探讨彩色多普勒超声联合血清神经元特异性烯醇化酶(neuron-specific enolase,NSE)及5 min Apgar评分对新生儿颅内出血(intracranial hemorrhage,ICH)的诊断价值及影响ICH发生的危险因素。方法选取2019年2月至2021年3月承德市中心医院新生儿科收治的存在颅脑损伤危险因素的253例新生儿为研究对象,均接受彩色多普勒超声检查,根据是否存在ICH分为ICH组(n=99)和无ICH组(n=154)。观察并比较两组彩色多普勒超声参数[收缩期峰值流速(peak systolicvelocity,PSV)、阻力指数(resistance index,RI)、舒张末期流速(end diastolic velocity,EDV)]、血清NSE水平、5 min Apgar评分情况,分析血清NSE水平、Apgar评分与彩色多普勒超声参数的相关性及三者联合检测对新生儿ICH的诊断价值,并分析ICH发生的主要影响因素。统计学方法采用独立样本t检验、χ^(2)检验、Pearson相关性分析、Logistic回归分析及受试者操作特征(receiver operating characteristic,ROC)曲线分析。结果ICH组与无ICH组PSV[(6.4±1.2)cm/s与(10.1±1.4)cm/s,t=21.628]、RI(0.6±0.1与0.7±0.1,t=8.144)、EDV[(2.5±0.4)cm/s与(3.1±0.4)cm/s,t=13.216]以及5 min Apgar评分[(6.5±1.7)分与(8.8±1.0)分,t=13.308]比较,ICH组均显著低于无ICH组(P值均<0.001);血清NSE水平显著高于无ICH组[(149.1±10.6)μg/L与(95.2±10.4)μg/L,t=40.015,P<0.001]。ICH组血清NSE水平与彩色多普勒超声参数PSV、RI、EDV呈负相关(r值分为-0.573、-0.520、-0.536,P值均<0.05);5 min Apgar评分与彩色多普勒超声参数PSV、RI、EDV呈正相关(r值分别为0.601、0.529、0.505,P值均<0.05)。ROC曲线结果发现,彩色多普勒超声、血清NSE水平、5 min Apgar评分联合诊断新生儿ICH的曲线下面积(area under the curve,AUC)最大,为0.861。单因素分析显示,与无ICH组比较,ICH组患儿的胎龄更小,出生体质量、5 min Apgar评分更低,出生窒息、应用多巴胺、应用机械通气比例及血清NSE水平更高,差异有统计学意义(P值均<0.05)。多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示,胎龄<32周、出生体质量<1500 g、血清NSE水平>117.95μg/L、5 min Apgar评分<7分是诱发ICH的独立危险因素。结论彩色多普勒超声联合血清NSE及5 min Apgar评分可提高ICH的诊断价值;胎龄<32周、出生体质量<1500 g、血清NSE水平>117.95μg/L、5 min Apgar评分<7分是诱发ICH的独立危险因素。
