A Comparison of SuperDARN-Derived Plasma Convection and DMSP Ion Drift Measurements

Recently several studies indicated possible deterioration of accuracy in the SuperDARN convection measurements at large distances （〉2 500 km）. In this study, the SuperDARN-derived convection was compared with ion drift measurements given by the DMSP satellites, focused on SuperDARN far-range measurements, to investigate the above-mentioned problem. Two different procedures of SuperDARN convection estimation were applied. An overall reasonable agreement between two observation systems were found though individual points in some passes show significant differences. Besides, a tendency is also clear that the SuperDARN-derived velocities were slightly smaller than those of DMSP ion drift measurements. Potential factors contributing to the velocity differences were explained.

Plasmaspheric trough evolution under different conditions of subauroral ion drift

The statistical characteristics of the subauroral ion drift (SAID) in the ionosphere and the plasmaspheric trough evolution under different conditions of SAID were investigated in this paper, based on 566 SAID events observed by Akebono, Astrid-2, DE-2, and Freja satellites. The relationships between the latitudinal location of SAID and the Kp, AL, and Dst indices for these events were also discussed. It was found that the SAID events happened mainly at invariant latitude (ILAT) of 60.4° and magnetic local time (MLT) of 21.6 MLT and that 92.4% of the events happened when the Kp index was below 5.0, indicating a medium geomagnetic activity. The latitudinal half-width of SAID varied from 0.5° to 3.0° with a typical half-width of 1.0°. The SAID would happen at low latitudes if the geomagnetic activity was high. The effects of SAID on equatorial outer plas- masphere trough evolutions were studied with the dynamic global core plasma model (DGCPM) driven by the statistical results of SAID signatures. It was noted that locations, shapes and density of troughs vary with ILAT, MLT, latitudinal width, cross polar cap potential and lifetime of SAID events. The evolution of a trough is determined by the extent of SAID electric field penetrating into plasmasphere and not all SAID events can result in trough formations.

An Obliquely Propagating Electromagnetic Lower-Hybrid-Drift Instability in Plasmas with Negative Ions

In this study, by employing a local fluid theory for warm plasma containing negative ions, an obliquely propagating electromagnetic instability in the lower hybrid frequency range driven by cross-field currents or relative drifts between electrons and ions was investigated. It is found that the growth rate of the lower-hybrid-drift instability （LHDI） can be controlled by appropriate selection of the propagation direction, the wave number and the relative population of the negative ions.

Study on the Drift Effect of Potassium Ion Sensing Based on the Extended Gate Field Effect Transistor

The advantages of the extended gate field effect transistor (EGFET) compared with the ion sensitive field effect transistor (ISFET) are easy package,easy preservation,insensitive light effect,and better stability.Although EGFET has above advantages,there are still some non-ideal effects such as drift etc..The drift behavior exists during the measurement process and results in the variation of the output voltage with time.We can obtain the drift value by immersing EGFET into the pH solution for 12 hours and measure the rate of the output voltage versus time after S hours.This study analyzes the sensitivity, stability,and drift effect of the EGFET based on the structure of the ruthenium oxide/silicon (RuO_x/Si) wafer for measuring the potassium ion.The fabrication of the potassium ion sensor can be widely employed in medical detection.

Improved hemimorphite flotation using xanthate as a collector with S(Ⅱ) and Pb(Ⅱ) activation

The flotation of hemimorphite using the S(Ⅱ)–Pb(Ⅱ)–xanthate process,which includes sulfidization with sodium sulfide,activation by lead cations,and subsequent flotation with xanthate,was investigated.The flotation results indicated that hemimorphite floats when the S(Ⅱ)–Pb(Ⅱ)–xanthate process is used; a maximum recovery of approximately 90% was obtained.Zeta-potential,contact-angle,scanning electron microscopy–energy-dispersive spectrometry(SEM–EDS),and diffuse-reflectance infrared Fourier transform spectroscopy(DRIFTS) measurements were used to characterize the activation products on the hemimorphite surface and their subsequent interaction with sodium butyl xanthate(SBX).The results showed that a Zn S coating formed on the hemimorphite surface after the sample was conditioned in an Na2 S solution.However,the formation of a Zn S coating on the hemimorphite surface did not improve hemimorphite flotation.With the subsequent addition of lead cations,Pb S species formed on the mineral surface.The formation of the Pb S species on the surface of hemimorphite significantly increased the adsorption capacity of SBX,forming lead xanthate(referred to as chemical adsorption) and leading to a substantial improvement in hemimorphite flotation.Our results indicate that the addition of lead cations is a critical step in the successful flotation of hemimorphite using the sulfidization–lead ion activation–xanthate process.

Study of Non-Ideal Effects for Extended Gate Field Effect Transistor Chlorine Ion Sensing Device

We use the extended gate field effect transistor (EGFET)as the structure of the chlorine ion sensor,and the chlorine ion ionophores (ETH9033 and TDDMAC1)are incorporated into solvent polymeric membrane (PVC/DOS),then the chlorine ion selective membrane is formed on the sensing window,and the fabrication of the EGFET chlorine ion sensing device is completed.The surface potential on the sensing membrane of the EGFET chlorine ion sensing device will be changed in the different chlorine ion concentration solutions,then changes further gate voltage and drain current to detect chlorine ion concentration.We will study non-ideal effects such as temperature,hysteresis and drift effects for the EGFET chlorine ion sensing device in this paper,these researches will help us to improve the sensing characteristics of the EGFET chlorine ion sensing device.

Numerical study of fast ion behavior in the presence of magnetic islands and toroidal field ripple in the EAST tokamak

A peculiar first orbit loss type was found apart from the normal ones when we use ORBIT code to simulate fast ion orbits in the EAST tokamak. Fast ion orbits were studied in the presence of toroidal field （TF） ripple and magnetohydro- dynamic （MHD） perturbations. We analyzed the properties of the drifted orbits in detail and compared their differences, finding that the combined effects of ripple and magnetic islands are much greater than the effects of either one of them alone. Then we investigated the orbitdeviations as a function of pitch angle in different radial positions. The modeling results demonstrate that the loss of trapped particles is mainly caused by the ripple, while MHD＇perturbation mainly plays an important role in the passing particles. Furthermore we modeled the loss rate using different equilibriums. Results prove that a higher beta can indeed improve the confinement of fast ions, while a little change in the q profile can make the topologies of magnetic islands become quite different and results in quite different total particle losses.

用于电离层离子探测的多路微弱电流检测电路设计

针对电离层离子探测传感器对电流检测电路的需求,设计了一种适用于阻滞势电位分析仪和离子漂移计复用传感器的多路微弱电流检测电路。在放大模块设计中,分析并仿真对比了T型电阻网络和跨阻式电阻网络的噪声及直流偏置水平,研究了不同反馈电容下的噪声、带宽和时延等特性。为降低电路噪声水平,提高电路整体性能,设计了滤波模块、采集模块和高精密电源模块。实验结果证明:该电路系统具有良好的准确性、一致性、稳定性和实际应用性,可推广应用于电离层微弱信号检测领域。

The Physics of the Phenomena of Electrical Induced Elements Separation in Solution of Salts in Liquid Polar Dielectric

In the work [1] is shown the possibility of the use the phenomena of the electrical-induced selective drift of cationic aquacomplexes in the water solution of the salts for creating of the new, non-electrode, power-saving technology of the solution enrichment by desired element. The development of the naturally-scientific basis of this technology has showed that inertial properties of formed in the solution over-molecular structural units—clusters depends from that’s dimensions. Dimensions of these clusters are in limits from scores of angstrom to fractions of micron, at the same time liquid mediums are the base of functioning both biological and technological systems. Thus, water solution of salt contains nanoparticles and biological and many technological systems are functioning with the assistance of nanoparticles. For example, the ordinary blood circulatory system or many of chemical processing. The casual or intentional action of aperiodic electric field on systems containing salts solutions produces some positive or negative effects. This work shows new approach for theoretical describing of salts solution in dielectric liquids and contains some data on the realized experiments.

漂移管工作温度对离子迁移率谱的影响

离子迁移率、反应物离子的种类和产量与漂移管工作温度有很大的关系。本研究在不同温度下进行了离子迁移率实验,结果表明,离子迁移率随温度的升高而增大,而提高工作温度可以减少水分子对产物离子的影响,有利于改善系统检测的分辨率;选择合适漂移管工作温度,能有效地增加反应物离子的产量,从而提高系统检测的灵敏度和选择性。

一种基于厚膜工艺的高集成度FAIMS迁移管的研制

基于厚膜工艺,研制了一种集成有进样接口、气路接口、温控元件和离子源固定装置等外围功能模块的高集成度FAIMS迁移管,阐述了其结构特征和制作方法。为验证其性能,搭建了相应的FAIMS外围检测平台,以丙酮和甲苯为样品进行实验,得到了它们的FAIMS谱图,并与基于MEMS工艺的非集成FAIMS迁移管所测得的丙酮和甲苯的谱图比较,证明了高集成度迁移管在功耗、漏电流、气密性、灵敏度、分辨率和稳定性等方面的优异性能,说明高集成度迁移管适合作为小型化FAIMS独立检测系统的核心器件。

电晕放电飘升机研究

基于B-B效应的电飘机是一种不对称电容器在高电压作用下产生推力的飞行器,由于它是一种无推进剂的飞行器而受到科技界的广泛重视。本文通过实验研究,分析电晕放电的特点,提出基于涡旋动力学理论的挠场与真空零点能相干原理来解释推力的产生。对B-B效应的深入研究将对航空航天的推进技术带来革命性的变化。

非对称离子门控制方法和对离子迁移谱分辨率的改善

为了改进离子门的驱动方式,简化离子门驱动电源设计和提高离子迁移谱分辨率,通过增加一组电阻实现离子门两端的不对称供电,再对低电压端的电压进行控制实现离子门功能。分析了该方式下的两种情况对迁移管内的电场、离子迁移谱的分辨率和信噪比的影响。借助SIMION7.0对离子门两边的电场分布进行了模拟和比较,并应用数值化拉普拉斯方程的方法计算了迁移管轴线的电场数据。实验证明:相比常规迁移谱的离子门浮地驱动电源,这种驱动方法成本低,离子门电源的设计简单,能够明显提高离子迁移谱的分辨率。该方法能够应用于离子迁移谱的测量仪器或实验设备。

直流电场下变压器油中电场分布特性

直流电场下油纸绝缘系统中,因油中和油/纸界面空间电荷的产生和积聚,会畸变原有电场分布。油中的电场分布特性在直流绝缘结构优化设计中非常重要,它呈现出的特性与交流下有较大的不同。采用一种基于Kerr电光效应的非接触式测量手段,实际测量了6 mm间隙平板电极结构下油中空间电场分布特性。实验结果表明：直流电场下,平板电极间油中电场为非均匀电场;空间电场测量值与施加于电极间的直流电场之比在0.87~1.05之间变化;相同的外加电压情况下,靠近正电极位置处的电场强度要高于靠近负电极位置的电场强度,并且从负电极至正电极呈单调递增趋势;按照施加于电极间的直流电场进行归一化的电场曲线大致可分为3个阶段;结合变压器油中载流子产生、迁移和扩散过程及变压器油的电导特性进行了初步的探讨。

碳化硅压敏电阻非线性机理研究

基于碳化硅压敏电阻的实验结果，提出了其中非线性电输运的物理模型，计算了非线性系数，阐明了组分和显微结构与性能的关系，与实验结果较好符合。讨论了建立统一的在压敏电阻传导物理模型的可能性。

凸度仪电离室探测器时间响应特性研究

本文利用脉冲X射线机发射宽度很短的脉冲射线,通过分析数字示波器记录的电离室负载电阻上的电压信号,测量电离室内的离子漂移时间。利用该方法对凸度仪电离室探测器的时间响应特性进行了研究,给出了不同内部结构、不同电压及不同气压的电离室离子漂移时间的测量结果,并分析了误差产生的原因。实验结果表明,凸度仪电离室的时间响应满足在线测量热轧钢板的要求。

迁移管的电场强度对真空紫外电离-离子迁移谱仪性能的影响

离子迁移管是离子迁移谱仪的核心部分,它用来产生均匀的电场,以使不同迁移率的离子进行分离。本研究以丙酮为例,详细研究了本课题组所研制的真空紫外电离源-离子迁移谱仪中迁移管的电场参数对离子的灵敏度和分辨率的影响,发现电压的增大灵敏度增大,但是分辨率存在一个最佳的电压,这些结果可用于迁移谱的优化设计。

积分型前放输出电压统计涨落的估算

分析了积分型前置放大器输出信号的特点和影响因素 ,对其输出电压信号的统计涨落给出了估算方法 ,并对这一估算结果的应用做了说明。

激光离子源离子迁移谱仪模拟研究

离子迁移谱技术(IMS)是一门新兴的化学分析技术,被广泛应用于测定痕量的化学武器、毒品、爆炸物,以及空气污染物等,跟其他的有机化合物分析仪器相比较,他具有体积小、灵敏度高、适用范围广、分析时间快,能在大气压和室温下工作等优点,是一种前景广阔的检测仪器。介绍了激光离子源IMS的工作原理、主要特点和仪器结构,利用软件SMION设计模拟激光离子源IMS,通过模拟实验得出真空状态下,信号接收盘半径与信号强度成正比关系,以及迁移管内的离子门开关电压阈值。

差分离子迁移谱和迁移时间离子迁移谱联用技术检测化学战剂模拟物

采用平板式差分离子迁移谱(DMS)和迁移时间离子迁移谱(DTIMS)联用技术(DMS-IMS2)对典型化学战剂模拟物甲基膦酸二甲酯(DMMP)和水杨酸甲酯(MS)进行测定。实验结果表明,在载气800 mL/min,DMS射频电压1100 V条件下,DMS-IMS2在DIMS模式能够实现DMMP和MS两种化学战剂模拟物的有效识别和检测。另外,DMS-IMS2能够实现DMMP和MS正、负离子的同时检测,同时获得DMMP和MS的DMS补偿电压(CV)和IMS迁移时间(Td)的二维分离信息,为两种化学战剂模拟物的准确鉴定提供更多的信息。DMS-IMS2具有二维分析能力、可同时分析正负离子、响应速度快、体积小、功耗低等优点,在现场检测中具有广阔的应用前景。