The rice planthopper,Sogatella furcifera,is a piercing-sucking insect pest of rice,Oryza sativa.It is responsible for significant crop yield losses,and has developed moderate to high resistance to several commonly use...The rice planthopper,Sogatella furcifera,is a piercing-sucking insect pest of rice,Oryza sativa.It is responsible for significant crop yield losses,and has developed moderate to high resistance to several commonly used chemical insecticides.We investigated the effects of the insect fungal pathogen Isaria javanica,alone and in combination with the chemical insecticide dinotefuran,on S.furcifera under both laboratory and field conditions.Our results show that I.javanica displays high infection efficiency and mortality for different stages of S.furcifera,reducing adult survival,female oviposition and ovary development.Laboratory bioassays showed that the combined use of I.javanica with a low dose(4-16 mg L^(-1))of dinotefuran resulted in higher mortality in S.furcifera than the use of I.javanica or dinotefuran alone.The combined treatment also had more significant effects on several host enzymes,including superoxide dismutase,catalase,peroxidase,and prophenol oxidase activities.In field trials,I.javanica effectively suppressed populations of rice planthoppers to low levels(22-64%of the level in untreated plots).Additional field experiments showed synergistic effects,i.e.,enhanced efficiency,for the control of S.furcifera populations using the combination of a low dose of I.javanica(1×10^(4) conidia mL^(-1))and a low dose of dinotefuran(~4.8-19.2%of normal field use levels),with control effects of>90%and a population level under 50 insects per 100 hills at 3-14 days post-treatment.Our findings indicate that the entomogenous fungus I.javanica offers an attractive biological control addition as part of the integrated pest management(IPM)practices for the control of rice plant pests.展开更多
烟粉虱是非洲菊上常发害虫,主要依赖化学防治,但常用药剂防治效果一般,生物防治是理想的替代手段。本研究首先鉴定非洲菊烟粉虱的生物型,然后测定虫生真菌爪哇棒束孢对非洲菊烟粉虱的室内杀虫活性,并对其田间防治效果进行评价。结果表明...烟粉虱是非洲菊上常发害虫,主要依赖化学防治,但常用药剂防治效果一般,生物防治是理想的替代手段。本研究首先鉴定非洲菊烟粉虱的生物型,然后测定虫生真菌爪哇棒束孢对非洲菊烟粉虱的室内杀虫活性,并对其田间防治效果进行评价。结果表明,非洲菊烟粉虱属于Q型;爪哇棒束孢含量为1 ml 1×106孢子以上对非洲菊烟粉虱成虫即具有很高的致病力,3 d后校正死亡率达90%以上,7 d后非洲菊烟粉虱成虫全部死亡;在湿度大于85%条件下,1 ml 5.0×109孢子爪哇棒束孢油悬剂稀释到1 ml 2.5×106孢子,对田间非洲菊烟粉虱具有较高的防治效果,药后14 d和21 d的校正防效分别为88.60%和94.21%。说明虫生真菌爪哇棒束孢对非洲菊上的烟粉虱致病力高且实际防治效果好,可用于非洲菊等花卉烟粉虱的防治。展开更多
基金funded by grants from the Science and Technology Planning Project of Guangzhou,China(202002020029)the Science and Technology Planning Project of Guangdong Province,China(2019B020217003)+1 种基金the National Key R&D Program of China(2018YFD02003)the National Key Technology Support Program of China(201303019-02)。
文摘The rice planthopper,Sogatella furcifera,is a piercing-sucking insect pest of rice,Oryza sativa.It is responsible for significant crop yield losses,and has developed moderate to high resistance to several commonly used chemical insecticides.We investigated the effects of the insect fungal pathogen Isaria javanica,alone and in combination with the chemical insecticide dinotefuran,on S.furcifera under both laboratory and field conditions.Our results show that I.javanica displays high infection efficiency and mortality for different stages of S.furcifera,reducing adult survival,female oviposition and ovary development.Laboratory bioassays showed that the combined use of I.javanica with a low dose(4-16 mg L^(-1))of dinotefuran resulted in higher mortality in S.furcifera than the use of I.javanica or dinotefuran alone.The combined treatment also had more significant effects on several host enzymes,including superoxide dismutase,catalase,peroxidase,and prophenol oxidase activities.In field trials,I.javanica effectively suppressed populations of rice planthoppers to low levels(22-64%of the level in untreated plots).Additional field experiments showed synergistic effects,i.e.,enhanced efficiency,for the control of S.furcifera populations using the combination of a low dose of I.javanica(1×10^(4) conidia mL^(-1))and a low dose of dinotefuran(~4.8-19.2%of normal field use levels),with control effects of>90%and a population level under 50 insects per 100 hills at 3-14 days post-treatment.Our findings indicate that the entomogenous fungus I.javanica offers an attractive biological control addition as part of the integrated pest management(IPM)practices for the control of rice plant pests.
文摘烟粉虱是非洲菊上常发害虫,主要依赖化学防治,但常用药剂防治效果一般,生物防治是理想的替代手段。本研究首先鉴定非洲菊烟粉虱的生物型,然后测定虫生真菌爪哇棒束孢对非洲菊烟粉虱的室内杀虫活性,并对其田间防治效果进行评价。结果表明,非洲菊烟粉虱属于Q型;爪哇棒束孢含量为1 ml 1×106孢子以上对非洲菊烟粉虱成虫即具有很高的致病力,3 d后校正死亡率达90%以上,7 d后非洲菊烟粉虱成虫全部死亡;在湿度大于85%条件下,1 ml 5.0×109孢子爪哇棒束孢油悬剂稀释到1 ml 2.5×106孢子,对田间非洲菊烟粉虱具有较高的防治效果,药后14 d和21 d的校正防效分别为88.60%和94.21%。说明虫生真菌爪哇棒束孢对非洲菊上的烟粉虱致病力高且实际防治效果好,可用于非洲菊等花卉烟粉虱的防治。
