Surface and Content Validity of the Mentoring Function Scale for Novice Nurses

This study aimed to examine the surface and content validity of the Mentoring Function Scale for Novice Nurses, used to assess the mentoring of entry-level nurses, and to refine the scale items. In Study 1, six nurse education researchers, selected using convenience sampling, with five or more years of nursing experience and experience teaching novice nurses, were invited to an expert meeting in July 2015. A group interview was conducted that lasted approximately 120 minutes. Study 2 examined the content validity index. Between September and November 2015, we distributed a self-administered questionnaire survey to 11 participants selected by convenience sampling. The participants included five nurse education researchers with a minimum of five years of nursing experience and experience teaching novice nurses, as well as six clinical nurses with a master’s degree or higher. Finally, 81 questionnaire items were retained from the initial 125 items. The 81-item Mentoring Function Scale for Novice Nurses had higher content validity than the original scale. To further increase the scale’s applicability, future studies should assess its reliability, construct validity, and criterion-related validity.

An Adaptive Parameter-Free Optimal Number of Market Segments Estimation Algorithm Based on a New Internal Validity Index

An appropriate optimal number of market segments(ONS)estimation is essential for an enterprise to achieve successful market segmentation,but at present,there is a serious lack of attention to this issue in market segmentation.In our study,an independent adaptive ONS estimation method BWCON-NSDK-means++is proposed by integrating a newinternal validity index(IVI)Between-Within-Connectivity(BWCON)and a newstable clustering algorithmNatural-SDK-means++(NSDK-means++)in a novel way.First,to complete the evaluation dimensions of the existing IVIs,we designed a connectivity formula based on the neighbor relationship and proposed the BWCON by integrating the connectivity with other two commonly considered measures of compactness and separation.Then,considering the stability,number of parameters and clustering performance,we proposed the NSDK-means++to participate in the integrationwhere the natural neighbor was used to optimize the initial cluster centers(ICCs)determination strategy in the SDK-means++.At last,to ensure the objectivity of the estimatedONS,we designed a BWCON-based ONS estimation framework that does not require the user to set any parameters in advance and integrated the NSDK-means++into this framework forming a practical ONS estimation tool BWCON-NSDK-means++.The final experimental results showthat the proposed BWCONand NSDK-means++are significantlymore suitable than their respective existing models to participate in the integration for determining theONS,and the proposed BWCON-NSDK-means++is demonstrably superior to the BWCON-KMA,BWCONMBK,BWCON-KM++,BWCON-RKM++,BWCON-SDKM++,BWCON-Single linkage,BWCON-Complete linkage,BWCON-Average linkage and BWCON-Ward linkage in terms of the ONS estimation.Moreover,as an independentmarket segmentation tool,the BWCON-NSDK-means++also outperforms the existing models with respect to the inter-market differentiation and sub-market size.

Reliability and Validity of Addiction Severity Index in Drug Users with Methadone Maintenance Treatment in Guizhou Province, China

Objective To evaluate the reliability and validity of the Chinese version of addiction severity index （ASI）-5th version （ASI-C-5）, in illegal drug users receiving methadone maintenance treatment （MMT） in China. Methods One hundred and eighty-six heroin addicts （144 men and 42 women） receivihg MMT at three clinics in Guizhou province, southwest China, were recmited. They were all interviewed with a questionnaire of ASI-C-5 and 35 were re-interviewed at an interval of seven days to assess its test-retest reliability. Results Cronbach＇s alpha for internal consistency of CSs varied from 0.60 to 0.81 in all domains. Test-retest reliability of composite scores （CSs） of ASI-C-5 were satisfactory （r=0.38-0.97）. Based on item analysis and expert＇s suggestions, five items were deleted and one item was modified in ASI-C-5. Criterion validity of ASI-C-5 was found acceptable, as compared to addicts＇ self-rating anxiety scale （SAS） and self-rating depression scale （SDS） （r=0.59 and 0.45） except for social support rating scale （SSRS）. Conclusions ASI-C-5 can be used for heroin addicts receiving MMT with acceptable reliability and validity.

Quantitative Indexes of Streetscape Visual Evaluation and Validity Analysis

To establish valid indexes for streetscape visual evaluation, this paper proposed 6 quantitative indexes to refl ect objective visual properties of streetscapes based on the image processing concept, and took real digital images of 10 pedestrian streets to verify the validity. Mathematical analysis of subjective and objective indexes showed that street width/height ratio, street width, sky openness index, visual entropy and color richness index could refl ect objective visual properties of streetscape(correlation coeffi cient r > 0.633, signifi cance P < 0.05); visual complexity accounted for the highest percentage in the evaluation conclusion(22.6%), so it was the most signifi cant infl uence factor.

Reliability and Validity of Chinese Version of the Addiction Severity Index among Drug Users in the Community

Objective To assess the reliability and validity of a new Chinese version of the Addiction Severity Index （ASI-C） in drug users in the community. Methods Three hundred and eighty-one drug users in the community in Chengdu, Sichuan province were recruited. They were interviewed with a questionnaire consisting of the ASI-C revised on the basis of the previous Chinese version and 38 were interviewed for the second time at an interval of 7 days to evaluate test-retest reliability. Results Cronbach＇s c~ coefficients for the internal consistency of the scale varied from 0.49 to 0.86. Test-retest correlation coefficients ranged from 0.50 to 0.93. Criterion validity was found acceptable, as compared with the Symptom Checklist 90 （SCL-90）. Conclusion The ASI-C presented acceptable reliability and validity in a sample of drug users in the community.

Study on Multi-effect Time Parameters of Ergonomic Validity Index in Low-carbon Residential Kitchen

In the study on functional low-carbon ergonomic validity in buildings,ergonomic validity is different from resource validity which is easy for quantitative analysis. To eliminate the complexity and uncertainty impacts of human factors on quantitative study,it proposes a method of building a parameter of ergonomic validity—multi-effect time by using cardiotachometer to record heart rate change,being used to evaluate the functional low-carbon ergonomic validity targeting at the ontological characteristics of kitchen. This method is used to determine the physical consumption intensity( multi-effect) through heart rate incremental relation based on the principles of physiology and ergonomics,and to confirm the ergonomic validity of environmental factors by the time to complete standard work as well as multi-effect quantitative analysis. The test results show that,under the kitchen operating conditions,the multi-effect( ME) can properly reflect the real-time status of the operator and is easily operated; the parameters obtained are not significantly related to the physiological status of the operator,and multi-effect time( MT) is sensitive to the physical consumption brought about to the operator due to kitchen environmental factors; thus,it can be taken as an objective index,which is simple and easy to operate in residential kitchen functional low-carbon evaluation.

CDV Index: A Validity Index for Better Clustering Quality Measurement

In this paper, a cluster validity index called CDV index is presented. The CDV index is capable of providing a quality measurement for the goodness of a clustering result for a data set. The CDV index is composed of three major factors, including a statistically calculated external diameter factor, a restorer factor to reduce the effect of data dimension, and a number of clusters related punishment factor. With the calculation of the product of the three factors under various number of clusters settings, the best clustering result for some number of clusters setting is able to be found by searching for the minimum value of CDV curve. In the empirical experiments presented in this research, K-Means clustering method is chosen for its simplicity and execution speed. For the presentation of the effectiveness and superiority of the CDV index in the experiments, several traditional cluster validity indexes were implemented as the control group of experiments, including DI, DBI, ADI, and the most effective PBM index in recent years. The data sets of the experiments are also carefully selected to justify the generalization of CDV index, including three real world data sets and three artificial data sets which are the simulation of real world data distribution. These data sets are all tested to present the superior features of CDV index.

Translation and validation of the Nepean Dyspepsia Index for functional dyspepsia in China

AIM： To assess the reliability and validity of the translated version of Nepean Dyspepsia Index （NDI） in Chinese patients with documented functional dyspepsia （FO）. METHODS： The translation process included forward translation, back translation, pretest and cross-cultural adaptation. Reliability and validity of the translated version were examined by asking 300 subjects to complete the Chinese version of the NDI. The mean age of subjects was 39.24 years and 68.7% of the subjects were women. Internal consistency analysis with Cronbach＇s α was performed to test the reliability. Correlation analysis was used to assess the content validity. Factor analysis and structural equation models were used to assess the construct validity. RESULTS： The Cronbach＇s α coefficients ranged 0.833-0.960, well above the acceptable level of 0.70. Correlation analysis showed that each item had a strong correlation with the corresponding domain, but a weak correlation with other domains. Confirmatory factor analysis indicated that the comparative fit index was 0.94, higher than the acceptable level of 0.90.CONCLUSION： The Chinese version of the NDI is a reliable and valid scale for measuring health-related quality of life and disease severity in Chinese patients with FD.

Validation of the functional rating index for the assessment of athletes with neck pain

AIM: To validate the culturally-adapted Persian Functional Rating Index(PFRI) for assessing neck pain(NP) in athletes. METHODS: In this cross-sectional study, 100 athletes with NP and 50 healthy athletes participated and responded to the PFRI. Fifty athletes with NP completed the PFRI for at least 7 d later to establish test-retest reliability. RESULTS: The athletes with NP responded to all items, indicating excellent clinical utility. No floor and ceiling effects were found, indicating content validity and responsiveness. The PFRI revealed capability to discriminate between the athletes with NP and healthy athletes. The PFRI demonstrated strong correlation with the Numerical Rating Scale(Spearman's rho = 0.94), and the Persian Neck Disability Index(Pearson r = 0.995), supporting criterion and construct validity. Internal consistency reliability was high(Cronbach's α coefficient: 0.97). The test-retest reliability was excellent(ICCagreement = 0.96). The absolute reliability values of standard error of measurement and smallest detectable change were 3.2 and 8.84, respectively. An exploratory factor analysis yielded one factor explaining 78.03% of the total variance. CONCLUSION: The PFRI is a valid and reliable measure of functional status in athletes with NP.

咳喘药学服务门诊哮喘患者有效性评价指标体系构建

目的构建咳喘药学服务门诊(CWPC)哮喘患者有效性评价指标体系,为提高患者哮喘控制水平和规范化药学服务水平提供测评工具和理论依据。方法采用文献分析、半结构访谈等多种研究方法,建立CWPC哮喘患者有效性评价指标体系;采用德尔菲法进行两轮专家函询,以层次分析法确定指标权重;采用问卷调查法对所建指标体系进行信效度分析。结果本研究在河南省三级甲等医院选择了29名医、药、护3个学科的专家,进行了2轮专家函询后,最终从结构水平、功能水平、素养管理水平3个核心维度确定了CWPC哮喘患者有效性评价指标体系(包括9个子维度,如肺功能、症状等;35个测量条目,如哮鸣音、呼吸频率等),并确定了各维度指标的权重;信效度分析的结果证实了指标体系的科学合理性。结论构建的CWPC哮喘患者有效性评价指标体系具有较高的认可度和信效度,可作为哮喘患者有效性评价的测量工具。

聚类不确定性的三支决策方法综述

由于数据有复杂性、多样性和不确定性的特点,聚类通常存在不确定性,这种不确定性是指聚类结果的不一致性,从而影响分析的准确性,而通过三支决策方法构建不确定域,对不确定域进行延迟决策,能够带来一系列的优势。近些年来,这个研究热点涌现许多重要的工作。对聚类不确定的三支决策方法模型和研究方向进行介绍,按照三支聚类构建过程中遇到的问题进行总结。首先,给出三支聚类的表现形式。其次,分别阐述如何构建三支聚类的核心域和边界域,如何确定阈值,如何设计有效性指标,并介绍其中具有代表性的工作。最后,对聚类不确定的三支决策方法进行总结,并展望未来的研究方向。

基于贝叶斯网络和耦合度模型的城市暴雨内涝风险影响机制研究

为研究城市内涝事故致灾因素之间的关联性以及系统展示多因素对整个灾变过程的影响,运用贝叶斯网络和耦合度模型对暴雨灾害链的演化关键参数进行表征,分析单因素或多因素耦合对暴雨内涝的影响。研究结果表明:单因素分析时,环境因素是造成城市内涝的主要原因(80%),其次是城市硬件系统(78%);双因素分析得出城市硬件系统-环境耦合下城市内涝发生概率最大(82%);采用三因素分析得出城市硬件-环境-管理三者耦合后最易导致城市内涝(83%)。随后,以北京“23·7”特大暴雨灾害为例,得出模型评估结果与实际情况具有较好的相符性,并提出相应的预防措施。研究结果对未来城市内涝灾害防控具有指导意义。

经腹腔镜逆行胆囊切除术治疗复杂胆囊结石中转开腹的预测列线图的构建与验证

目的探讨经腹腔镜逆行胆囊切除术(laparoscopic retrograde cholecystectomy,LRC)治疗复杂胆囊结石(complicated gall-bladder stones,CGS)中转开腹的相关危险因素,构建预测列线图并进行验证。方法选取2016年9月至2019年3月青海红十字医院行LRC治疗CGS的病人380例作为训练集,2019年4月至2021年9月该院行LRC治疗CGS的病人350例作为验证集,训练集依据术中是否中转开腹分为中转组(34例)和非中转组(346例)。单因素分析两组病人的临床病理特征,logistic多元回归模型分析经LRC治疗CGS中转开腹的危险因素,基于该多因素logistic回归模型,构建中转开腹的列线图,并对其进行外部验证以及绘制校正曲线。结果训练集与验证集两组一般资料比较,各临床因素组间均差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);单因素分析显示训练集中中转组与非中转组在身体质量指数(body mass index,BMI)、上腹部手术史、糖尿病、胆囊颈结石、胆囊增大、胆囊炎发作时间、胆囊壁增厚、结石数量、白蛋白、白细胞计数(white blood cell count,WBC)及血清总胆红素(total bilirubin,TBiL)方面差异有统计学意义(均P<0.05),其中白蛋白<35 g/L比例更高(47.06%比29.77%)、WBC≥15×10^(9)/L比例更高(61.76%比43.06%)、TBiL>17.1μmol/L比例更高(73.53%比54.05%);logistic多元回归模型分析结果表明BMI、上腹部手术史、胆囊颈结石、胆囊炎发作时间、胆囊壁增厚、WBC以及白蛋白是经LRC治疗CGS中转开腹的独立危险因素(均P<0.05);关于这7项独立危险因素,建立风险列线图预测模型,并进行外部验证,训练集受试者操作特征(ROC)曲线下面积为0.89,95%CI为(0.83,0.92),验证集ROC曲线下面积为0.88,95%CI为(0.81,0.89),Hosmer-Lemeshow检验结果提示该预测模型具有良好稳定性。结论构建的LRC治疗CGS中转开腹的列线图,具有较高的风险预测精准度,在临床应用方面指导价值较高。

大学生积极心理品质的评价指标体系构建与验证

目的:构建大学生积极心理品质的评价指标体系。方法:采用问卷调查法、访谈法,结合Nvivo对3000多名大学生进行质性分析。结果:大学生积极心理品质的评价指标体系由4个分量表构成,其分别为“道德”分量表内含“爱、诚信、公正、友善、包容、奉献”6个因子;“智慧”分量表内含“勤学、创新、明辨、谦虚、灵活、协同”6个因子;“意志”分量表内含“勇敢、坚定、毅力、自制、责任、谨慎”6个因子;“超越”分量表内含“有信仰、自信、感恩、希望、好品味、活力”6个因子。4个分量表及各因子的α信度系数均在0.8以上;总量表及各分量表χ^(2)/df小于3,RMSEA小于0.05,NFI、IFI、CFI、TLI均在0.9以上,表明4个分量表的模型拟合较好,具有较高的结构效度。结论:自编制的大学生积极心理品质的评价指标体系量表符合测量学标准,包括4个维度24种积极心理品质,131个题项,具有良好的信效度,可作为测量我国大学生积极心理品质的有效工具。

BRAF^(V600E)基因联合增强CT的列线图模型对TI-RADS 3类及以上甲状腺结节良恶性鉴别诊断的价值

目的构建BRAF^(V600E)基因突变和增强CT特征的TI-RADS 3类及以上甲状腺结节良恶性预测模型,并评估其诊断效能。方法回顾性分析2022年10月~2024年2月安徽医科大学附属巢湖医院收治的251例TI-RADS3类及以上甲状腺结节患者的资料,以超声引导下细针穿刺细胞学及术后病理结果为“金标准”,其中良性结节177个,恶性结节74个。通过LASSO回归法筛选变量和选择预测因子,并建立预测模型。结果采用LASSO回归法选取4个变量,分别为年龄、BRAF^(V600E)基因、增强CT中的边界模糊、包膜不连续特征,基于这些变量构建BRAF^(V600E)基因突变联合增强CT预测模型并进一步验证。联合预测模型的AUC为0.816,高于单独增强CT预测模型(AUC=0.755),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。联合预测模型的敏感度为88.7%,特异度为63.5%,准确度为81.7%,Hosmer-Lemeshow拟合检验P=0.4564。联合预测模型与单独增强CT预测模型相比的净重新分类指数为0.308(0.151~0.465)(P<0.001),综合判别改善指数为0.114(0.060~0.167)(P<0.001)。决策曲线分析及校正曲线显示联合预测模型有较高的预测性能。结论BRAF^(V600E)基因联合增强CT特征的列线图模型对甲状腺TI-RADS3类及以上良恶性结节的鉴别具有较高的诊断价值。

放疗计划参数对剂量验证计划γ通过率的相关性研究

目的 探讨头颈部放疗计划参数对剂量验证计划γ通过率的相关性。方法 选取2019年11月—2021年9月福建肿瘤医院放疗中心收治的184例放射治疗的头颈部肿瘤患者。其中85例采用调强放疗(intensity-modulated radio therapy,IMRT)计划,99例采用容积旋转调强放疗(volumetric modulated arc therapy,VMAT)计划,通过电子射野影像装置,使用ArcCHECK分别对IMRT和VMAT计划进行计量验证,并在不同的γ分析标准(选取1%/1 mm,2%/2 mm和3%/3 mm)下验证剂量通过率。分析不同放疗计划中射野复杂度指标,并判断其射野复杂度指标与γ通过率的相关性。结果 VMAT计划在1%/1 mm标准下γ通过率低于IMRT计划,差异有统计学意义(P <0.05);VMAT计划和IMRT计划在2%/2 mm标准下γ通过率分别为(90.72±2.84)%、(90.59±5.19)%,在3%/3 mm标准下γ通过率分别为(97.02±1.71)%、(98.64±1.00)%,2种计划在3%/3 mm标准下的平均γ通过率均较高,在2%/2 mm标准下的平均γ通过率均有所下降,2种计划比较差异无统计学意义(P> 0.05)。在不同射野复杂度指标中,VMAT计划的计划标准跳数(plan normalized MU,PMU)、计划平均射野不规则性(plan averaged beam irregularity,PI)、计划平均射野调制(plan averaged beam modulation,PM)均大于IMRT计划,VMAT计划的平均调制复杂度分数(modulation complexity score,MCS)、计划平均射野面积(plan averaged beam area,PA)小于IMRT计划,差异有统计学意义(P <0.05)。Spearman相关性检验结果表明,IMRT计划中,在2%/2 mm标准下,MCS、PM和γ通过率呈弱相关性(|r|<0.4,P <0.05),PMU和γ通过率呈中度相关性(0.4≤|r|≤0.7,P <0.05),在3%/3 mm标准下,PMU、MCS、PM和γ通过率呈中度相关性(0.4≤|r|≤0.7,P <0.05);PA、PI与γ通过率均无相关性(P> 0.05);VMAT计划中,在2%/2 mm标准下,PMU、MCS、PI、PM和γ通过率呈中度相关性(0.4≤|r|≤0.7,P <0.05),在3%/3 mm标准下,PMU、MCS、PM、PI和γ通过率呈中度相关性(0.4≤|r|≤≤0.7,P <0.05),PA与γ通过率均无相关性(P> 0.05)。结论射野复杂度指标与γ通过率具有不同程度的相关性,可在剂量验证前调整射野指标辅助设计放疗计划。

“双碳”背景下中国石化评估指标体系数字化创新研究

在“双碳”背景下,针对中国石油化工集团有限公司(简称中国石化)的传统评估指标体系运作反馈周期长、数据标准化程度低、体系自身缺乏可靠性和准确性数据分析,导致其使用效果无法达到预期的问题,设计了一个涵盖多视角的评估指标体系管理、运行、优化一体化平台系统,并通过国产低代码开发工具——清华数为DWF结合Python语言实现了该系统演示版和后台信效度分析模块的开发。运行试验结果证明,该系统通过对数据分析辅助指标体系的改进与优化,可以有效提升中国石化评估指标体系的运作效率,推动企业科学转型升级和高质量发展。

基于随机森林的输气管道压缩机流量软测量技术研究

压缩机是输气管道最主要的耗能设备,其流量计量结果的准确与否直接关系到管道全线的管理水平。在现场测试实验的基础上,构建了基于随机森林的数据驱动软测量模型,采用网格搜索和交叉验证对影响模型精度的超参数进行寻优,最终构建最优预测模型,并与支持向量机(SVM)模型、朴素贝叶斯(NB)模型和经网格搜索确定超参数的支持向量机(GS-SVM)模型的预测结果进行对比。结果表明,通过基尼指数确定的燃料气消耗量和大气压力对压缩机流量的相关性较小,其变量应予以删减;当决策树的个数n为300,分裂特征数m为5时的预测效果最佳;随机森林模型的均方根误差(RMSE)、平均绝对百分比误差(MAPE)均最小,说明了随机森林模型对于压缩机流量这类复杂非线性数据集的回归效果较好,具有一定的先进性和科学性。

高锰酸钾指数国标方法验证与适用性研究

本文通过测定检出限、精密度和正确度等,对高锰酸盐指数国标方法(GB 11892-89)进行了方法验证,通过对比分析不同样品的检测结果,分析该方法在深圳地区高锰酸盐指数检测工作中的适用性。

Multisensor Comparisons for Validation of MODIS Vegetation Indices

Vegetation indices （Ⅵ） are one of the standard science products available from the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer （MODIS）. Validation of MODIS-Ⅵ products was an important prerequisite to using these variables for global modeling. In this study, validation of the MODIS-Ⅵ products including single-day MODIS, level 2 （gridded） daily MODIS surface reflectance （MOD09）, 16-day composited MODIS （MOD13） was performed utilizing multisensor data from MODIS, Thematic Mapper （TM）, and field radiometer, for a rice-planting region in southern China. The validation approach involved scaling up independent fine-grained datasets, including ground measurement and high spatial resolution imagery, to the coarser MODIS spatial resolutions. The 16-day composited MODIS reflectance and Ⅵ matched well with the ground measurement reflectance and Ⅵ. The Ⅵ of TM and MODIS were lower than the ground Ⅵ. The results demonstrated the accuracy, reliability, and utility of the MODIS-Ⅵ products for the study region.