Reflections on Studying Huang Di Nei Jing in the West

Huang Di Nei Jing(《黄帝内经》The Yellow Emperor’s Inner Classic) has been the source text of Chinese medicine knowledge and innovation for over two thousand years. Despite this key relevance, many of its ideas and practices have proven difficult to understand and implement fully into clinical practice. Cultural and language differences can be compounded with these challenges but may also present new opportunities for advancement and insight when studied by researchers outside of the originating culture. This article introduces the method of Classical-Text Archaeology and delves into the author’s two-decade journey of researching this text, with a discussion on cultural differences and issues of medical scholarship.

“Three Beauties”Principle in the English Versions of“Jing Ye Si”--Translations by Xu and Fletcher as Examples

“Jing Ye Si”is a classical poem with international influence by the Chinese poet Li Bai in the Tang Dynasty,which expresses the poet’s deep nostalgia.This paper compares and analyzes its two English versions translated by the Chinese translator Xu Yuanchong and the British translator W.J.B.Fletcher based on the“three beauties”principle(beauty in sense,beauty in sound,and beauty in form),and discovers that the English version of Xu basically achieves the unity of the“three beauties”,while the English version of Fletcher realizes the“beauty in sound and form”,but deviates from the“beauty in sense”mainly owing to the inaccurate comprehension of the moon as an image and other factors.This analysis may afford us with certain reference in poetry translation.

Analysis on Characteristic Diagnosis Technology and Application Progress of Jing Nationality Medicine

Jing Medicine, as an important part of China’s ethnic medicine and culture, is characterized by its unique theories, rich content, and abundant resources, showcasing distinctive features of minority regions. The Jing ethnic group is distributed in coastal and border areas of China, and after thousands of years of development, it has formed a rich marine-oriented medical system in the struggle against the environment and diseases, displaying unique medication characteristics and clinical efficacy. According to Jing Medicine, the human body is an organic whole that is unified with the natural and social environment. It believes that the heavens and earth are the spirits of all things, and all things possess spiritual energy, which is closely connected to the human body’s spiritual energy. The utilization of marine organisms in medicine is the greatest feature of Jing Medicine, and it is a common approach used by the local population for disease prevention and treatment. To further explore Jing Medicine, improve the repository of ethnic medicine culture, and address the insufficient understanding of Jing Medicine in traditional Chinese medicine culture, this article provides a comprehensive review of the distinctive diagnostic and therapeutic theories, techniques, and applications of internal and external treatments in Jing Medicine.

Medicinal Characteristics of Jing Medicine

In the long process of living, working and fighting against diseases, the Jing people have formed a medical system with their own characteristics, which has made great contributions to the hygiene and health of the ethnic group and is still playing an important role today. As an indispensable part of Chinese traditional medicine system, Jingzu medicine has its own unique advantages and characteristics, which need to be further explored and sorted out. In this paper, the characteristics and advantages of Peking medicine were summarized from the characteristics of medicine use.

A Comparative Study of Lao-tzu’s“Xu Jing”and Buddhism’s“Stillness”

“Stillness”,as the Vimoksha state of Buddhism’s Nirvana state,is the ultimate experience of religious practice.It has rich connotations.Firstly,“Stillness”is an ultimate aesthetic experience;secondly,“Stillness”means transcending real society,the secular world and utility.In Lao-tzu’s thought,“To the Ultimate,You Yourself Empty”,“Remain in Silence and Clarity”,“Anātman”,etc.,are presented,showing that Buddhism and Lao-tzu have some commonalities.Based on the text,this article will make a simple comparative analysis,after separately discussing Lao-tzu’s“Xu Jing”and Buddhism’s“Silence”,in order to show their similarities and differences more fully and objectively.

Characteristics and Analysis of Dominant Diseases in Jing Nationality Medicine

Jing medicine occupies a very prominent position in the traditional culture of the Chinese nation and has unique advantages. Through the literature review of Jing medicine, the author has a deeper understanding of Jing medicine in Guangxi. This paper mainly shows the traditional characteristic medicine culture of the Jing nationality and discusses the characteristic therapy and medication characteristics of Jing nationality medicine, which is conducive to the improvement of people’s cognition of Jing nationality medicine and the development and innovation of Jing nationality medicine.

Philosophy and Philology:Two Approaches of Commentating the Shen Nong Ben Cao Jing(Shen Nong's Classic of the Materia Medica)in the Ming and Qing Dynasties

This paper tests the hypothesis that the commentary trend of the Shen Nong Ben Cao Jing(Shen Nong’s Classic of the Materia Medica)arises alongside the fashionable philology of the time,or the aversion against the Jin-Yuan medical philosophy.After surveying 12 major commentaries,it is concluded that the situation is more complicated than a simple assertion.The seemingly opposite philosophy and philology approaches have been used eclectically to innovate the understanding of ancient traditional Chinese medicine texts.

Research on the origin of the theory of“heart as monarch”in Huang Di Nei Jing(Yellow Emperor’s Internal Classic)

Scholars have previously attributed the theoretical origin of“the heart is the monarch/ruler”to the monarchical view of politics.However,according to the latest unearthed documents and relevant documents handed down from ancient times,it can be found that the theory of“the heart is the monarch”might derive from the importance of attachment to the“Zhong”ideology in traditional culture,which promoted the concept that the heart as the center of body,should be the ruler and was later evolved as the“monarch”.Similar cognitive views were all mentioned in Confucianism,Taoism,eclectics scholars and other pre-Qin literature,but only in the system of traditional Chinese medicine,they played a significant role in building the heart-centered theory of Zang-Fu.Traditional Chinese medicine is a discipline developed mainly by clinical practice with the fundamental purpose of curing diseases and saving people.Although the philosophy of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)roots in the pre-Qin Dynasty,the development is unique to the other philosophies.With rich cultural connotations and philosophical thoughts,TCM is certainly the key to the treasures of Chinese civilization and deserves more attention and exploration.

外敷温经药酒联合针刺对骨质疏松大鼠的影响

目的探究外敷温经药酒联合针刺对骨质疏松大鼠的影响。方法选取SPF级雌性大鼠40只,分为正常组、模型组、针刺组、联合组,每组10只。除正常组外其余均建立骨质疏松(osteoporosis,OP)大鼠模型。建模成功后正常组、模型组不予处理,针刺组入穴关元、三阴交(双)、肾俞(双)、后三里(双)后连接电针仪治疗,5 d/周,每日一次,20 min/次,共12周。联合组在针刺治疗基础上外敷温经药酒,每日两次,共12周。用ELISA法检测血清中骨钙素(OC)、吡啶酚(PYD)、Ⅰ型前胶原羧基端肽(PICP)水平;用计算机断层扫描检测骨小梁厚度(Tb.Th)、骨小梁间隔(Tb.Sp)、骨密度(bone mineral density,BMD)、皮质骨面积(Ct.Ar);运用TUNEL法检测成骨细胞凋亡;通过HE染色观察股骨组织病理改变;通过Western blot法测Notch1、Notch2、Jagged1、Jagged2。结果与正常组比较,模型组PYD、Tb.Sp、成骨细胞凋亡率升高,OC、PICP、Tb.Th、BMD、Ct.A、Notch1、Notch2、Jagged1、Jagged2降低(P<0.05);与模型组比较,针刺组PYD、Tb.Sp、成骨细胞凋亡率降低,OC、PICP、Tb.Th、BMD、Ct.A、Notch1、Notch2、Jagged1、Jagged2升高(P<0.05);与针刺组比较,联合组PYD、Tb.Sp、成骨细胞凋亡率降低,OC、PICP、Tb.Th、BMD、Ct.A、Notch1、Notch2、Jagged1、Jagged2升高(P<0.05);正常组大鼠骨形态结构良好;模型组骨损伤严重;针刺组与联合组骨形态结构有所改善,其中联合组改善更为良好。结论外敷温经药酒联合针刺对骨质疏松大鼠的骨钙素、成骨细胞活性及Notch信号通路等的改善作用良好,建议推广使用。

古代赋论的诗学本位

赋以铺陈,是乃赋体创制的本质要义。宋玉承接屈辞以定赋体,开启汉赋叙物一途,不关《诗》学之旨。但以班固“赋者古诗之流”为代表的汉代赋论本于《诗》学经义,强将楚辞纳入《诗》学流变体系,形成以《诗》论赋的既定传统而影响久远;六朝赋论仍之,强调比兴讽喻;而唐以降赋话援取诗法之例,讲求律赋作法,反映六朝骈赋以至唐代律赋的“诗化”演变与铺陈丧失。凡此表现为古代赋论的诗学本位,在最为基本的观念上有悖赋体创制的本质特点。

基于命名实体识别的《神农本草经》知识图谱构建及可视化分析

目的构建《神农本草经》知识图谱,分析本草知识、挖掘隐性知识并进行可视化展示,为古籍研究提供方法学参考。方法梳理并表述《神农本草经》文献涉及的知识实体类型和实体间关系,应用BIO序列标注方法生产训练语料数据集,使用自主研发的CNLP文本标注系统进行文本标注,采用BERT模型识别命名实体,基于规则与语义关联设定确定实体间关系,经知识融合后,用Cypher语言导入图数据库Neo4j-community4.4.9进行存储和可视化展示,构建知识图谱。结果《神农本草经》知识图谱包含5273个节点、11064个关系,其模式层包含14种实体类、16种关系类型。可通过Cypher语言查询,从中药分类、药性理论、七情配伍、中药应用方面进行知识的可视化展示。结论本研究构建的知识图谱可直观反映《神农本草经》所载知识及隐性关系,适用于中医药古籍的知识挖掘及直观多维展示。

2023年北京市朝阳区5家哨点医院呼吸道多病原监测分析

目的分析2023年北京市朝阳区5家哨点医院呼吸道多病原监测结果,及时掌握朝阳区呼吸道感染性疾病的流行特征。方法收集2023年1月至12月北京市朝阳区5家哨点医院1321例呼吸道患者,所有患者均采集咽拭子,使用多重荧光定量聚合酶链反应(PCR)进行检测甲型流感病毒、季节性甲3型流感病毒、新型甲型H1N1流感病毒、乙型流感病毒、乙型流感病毒BV系、乙型流感病毒BY系、新冠病毒N基因、新冠病毒ORF1ab基因、肺炎支原体、呼吸道合胞病毒、腺病毒、鼻病毒、副流感1型、副流感2型、副流感3型、副流感4型、人偏肺病毒、肠道病毒、冠状病毒HKU1、冠状病毒229E、冠状病毒OC43、冠状病毒NL63和肺炎衣原体。结果多病原检查结果显示,单一病原检测阳性标本633例,复合感染(≥2种病原体)检出76例。不同性别患者病原检出率相比较差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05);不同年龄患者腺病毒、呼吸道合胞病毒、肺炎支原体、新型冠状病毒、乙型流感病毒BV系、季节性甲3型流感病毒和人偏肺病毒相比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);不同季度鼻病毒、人偏肺病毒、肠道病毒和副流感2型检出率相比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),其他病原检出率相比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。不同季节间年龄构成比相比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。不同病例类型冠状病毒229E、季节性甲3型流感病毒、乙型流感病毒BV系和腺病毒检出率相比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),均容易引发急性上呼吸道感染。结论2023年北京市朝阳区呼吸道感染患者,病原检出率前5位是季节性甲3型流感病毒、肺炎支原体、呼吸道合胞病毒、新冠病毒和腺病毒,性别对病原检出率无显著影响,病原检出具有明显的年龄、季度和病例类型等相关特征。

“京师”的生成——早期话语中“京师”之称的演进与定型

“京”的早期含义是指人为营建的高大建筑,它在西周时期衍生出“京”“镐京”“京室”“京宗”“京宫”等,其中的“京”与后世都城意义上的“京”存在着区别;以春秋及后世的地名而言,“京”并没有成为“天子之都”的专有名称:作为地名“京”一直延续至后世,而“京城”“京都”专指首都,形成于两汉时期。“京师”的早期含义是指王朝的大军,它至迟在周厉王时期已完成了语义的抽象化,用于指称“天子之都”所在的区域。迭至春秋时期,“京师”已成为“天子之都”所在区域的专称。其后,“京师”的含义被延续至西汉时期,并进一步衍生出诸多时人常用、后世熟悉的称谓组合。

中医外科托补法在治疗脏腑“内痈”上的应用

文章介绍了陈誩教授在临床中治疗脏腑内痈类疾病的经验。内科溃疡类疾病较为常见,因其在脏腑内部痈疡表现,中医学认为其为内痈。陈誩教授临床工作多年,撷取中医外科治痈疡托补法相关经验,引用到脏腑“内痈”上,托补并用,收效显著。文中选取陈誩教授临床治疗脏腑内痈的经典临证医案,详细分析案例中患者病情转归过程中的各阶段用药思路,对陈誩教授以托补法应对脏腑内痈的辨证治疗经验进行分析总结,为中医药防治内科溃疡类疾病提供借鉴和参考。

论传统儒家经典观

传统儒家以《诗》《书》等为经典。这些经典创作于圣贤,不仅反映了普遍的道与理,而且洋溢着圣贤气象。普遍的道与理构成了经典的内容,并使经典具有了知识价值,圣贤气象的洋溢不仅彰显了经典文本形式上的优美,而且能够产生感化效果。经典体现了圣人之心。圣人之心既有气质之心,又有超越之性。气质之心产生了情感,而超越之性表现于活动中便是道与理。心统性情。在这个统一体中,普遍之性主宰了气质之心的活动,个体主体性因此被消解。传统儒家揭示了经典的三项内涵,却忽略了经典的个体主体性向度。

《神农本草经》“延年”药物特点分析

目的:归纳《神农本草经》所载具有“延年”功效的药物,总结《神农本草经》“延年”用药学术思想。方法:收集和整理《神农本草经》里明确记载的具有养生功效的药物,通过数据分析该类药物的性味规律及现代分类方法,归纳其药性特点和药物功效分布现状。结果:在药性方面,平性药有60种,占比最高,温热药次之有42种,寒凉药最少有40种;在药味方面,甘味药比例最高有59种,其次为苦味药48种,辛味药有27种,酸、咸味药较少;在现代药物分类方面,高频药类(≥10)为补益药和利水渗湿药两种。结论:发现《神农本草经》“延年”药物多见于上品类,其药多性平味甘,功效特点以补益为主,兼有利水渗湿等功效。《神农本草经》“延年”药物的研究可为总结提炼古代养生药物特点及现代功效演变状态,为现代养生用药提供一定参考和启示。

中国戏曲净扮考略

本文对中国戏曲净扮从古至今的发展与演变历程进行详细梳理,试图探明戏曲净扮发展背后的审美动因与技术路径。净扮的功能主要是使用浓重的粉墨色彩通过“变形取神”来塑造人物。其源于巫傩面具中的凶武之像,早期是以面具为主的形式呈现,到了唐宋时期逐渐转变为“涂面”,但其和丑扮一样还都是局部勾脸,也都具有喜剧功能。明清时期,随着净、丑行当分野,净扮最终转变为整脸脸谱,在人物塑造上则专注于形象的专业化和性格化,并具备了说明性和评议性两个最主要的属性。步入近现代,随着脸谱流派的出现,净扮脸谱艺术走向高度成熟。

肌-骨交互视阈下传统功法防治原发性骨质疏松症的思路探讨

原发性骨质疏松症(POP)具有高患病率、高致残率的特点,严重影响老年人的健康和生命质量,寻求有效的防治手段具有现实意义。以肌-骨交互作用为切入点,肌骨交互机制作为传统功法防治POP的新靶点,探讨传统功法防治POP的研究思路,太极拳调养气息,强壮肌肉筋骨;五禽戏调腑通络,提高腰椎稳定性;易筋经动静结合,降低跌倒风险;八段锦形气意同调,补肾强筋壮骨。传统功法一方面可提高骨密度、增强骨强度,另一方面提高肌肉质量和力量,加强机械作用传导促进骨代谢,双向调控肌肉-骨骼并形成闭合式循环回路。

陈述、意合与列锦——《天净沙·秋思》新解

《天净沙·秋思》被誉为“秋思之祖”“直空今古”。“枯藤老树昏鸦”等名词句,功能上,半显半隐,静中生动,属诗意的动态陈述;句法上,运用意合组句,实虚相生,景语其后,更含所托,通过隐喻,发出了“得志不易”的永恒之叹;修辞上,凭借骈偶这种特殊的语法手段,铺排名词,列锦生辉。

俄藏инв.№7029号西夏文《八阳经》考释

唐代由中国人所造的疑伪经《八阳经》曾在敦煌、吐鲁番地区广为流行,有汉、藏、回鹘、西夏等不同文字的文本存世。西夏本译自藏文底本,译者不明,翻译时间在藏文本之后。论文主要参考P.744、P.749等藏文本对出土于黑水城遗址、现藏俄罗斯科学院东方文献研究所的инв.№7029号西夏本《八阳经》进行释读,兼及夏、汉、藏三种文本的对勘研究,可以为《八阳经》的传播、文献学等相关研究提供一份基础资料。