The main stream of the Yangtze River, Dongting Lake, and the river network in the Jingjiang reach of the Yangtze River constitute a complex water system. This paper develops a one-dimensional （l-D） mathematical mode...The main stream of the Yangtze River, Dongting Lake, and the river network in the Jingjiang reach of the Yangtze River constitute a complex water system. This paper develops a one-dimensional （l-D） mathematical model for flood routing in the river network Of the Jingjiang River and Dongting Lake using the explicit finite volume method. Based on observed data during the flood periods in 1996 and 1998, the model was calibrated and validated, and the results show that the model is effective and has high accuracy. In addition, the one-dimensional mathematical model for the river network and the horizontal two-dimensional （2-D） mathematical model for the Jingjiang flood diversion area were coupled to simulate the flood process in the Jingjiang River, Dongting Lake, and the Jingjiang flood diversion area. The calculated results of the coupled model are consistent with the practical processes. Meanwhile, the results show that the flood diversion has significant effects on the decrease of the peak water level at the Shashi and Chenjiawan hydrological stations near the flood diversion gates, and the effect is more obvious in the downstream than in the upstream.展开更多
In the light of the historical substantial data (covering a 70-year period) collected in the Lower Jingjiang segment and aided by topological grey method, here we attempt to characterize the occurrence and future tren...In the light of the historical substantial data (covering a 70-year period) collected in the Lower Jingjiang segment and aided by topological grey method, here we attempt to characterize the occurrence and future trend of flood calamities in the study area. Our findings indicate that overall the high-frequent flood disasters with middle to lower damage prevail at present. A series of dramatic flood waves will appear in the years of 2016, 2022, 2030 and 2042, particularly a destructive flood will occur between 2041 and 2045 in the Lower Jingjiang reaches. Typical of sensitive response to flood hazards in close association with its special geographical location, the lower Jingjiang segment hereby can reflect the development trend of floods in the middle Yangtze reaches. According to the results, a good fitness was revealed between the prediction and practical values. This actually hints that the topological grey method is an effective mathematical means of resolving problems containing uncertainty and indetermination, thus providing valuable information for the flood prediction in the middle Yangtze catchment.展开更多
River cutoff works have been implemented on Lower Jingjiang section for 30 years. Engineering practices have shown that channel straightening has been the river regulation measure for the permanent control of the mean...River cutoff works have been implemented on Lower Jingjiang section for 30 years. Engineering practices have shown that channel straightening has been the river regulation measure for the permanent control of the meandering Lower Jingjiang section. River cutoff have been carried out in accordance with the evolution property of meandering rivers and these works have brought about expected benefits. It has also been noted that certain aspects in river cutoff had not been fully understood. River cutoff is a dynamic engineering. River channel evolution properties shall be fully understood so as to adroitly guide actions according to circumstances in cutoff works. In addition, river channel evolution observation and engineering effectiveness monitoring should be strengthened with a view to update the designs. The diversion canals for channel shortening are of great importance that will account for the success or failure of river cutoff works. The newly formed river channels and the river regime control works on the adjacent upper and lower reaches are guarantees for river cutoff works to be brought into play in the long run.展开更多
松滋河是连通长江与洞庭湖的主要通道。自1950s以来,随着下荆江系统裁弯及葛洲坝、三峡等水利工程相继建成,松滋河分流量呈现阶段性减少。基于系列水文和河道原型观测资料,分析了三峡水库蓄水后松滋口分流变化特征及其影响因素。结果表...松滋河是连通长江与洞庭湖的主要通道。自1950s以来,随着下荆江系统裁弯及葛洲坝、三峡等水利工程相继建成,松滋河分流量呈现阶段性减少。基于系列水文和河道原型观测资料,分析了三峡水库蓄水后松滋口分流变化特征及其影响因素。结果表明:①三峡水库蓄水后,松滋口年分流比基本稳定在7%左右,没有明显趋势性变化;②当枝城站出现>25000 m 3/s流量时,蓄水后松滋口分流能力明显提升,特别是蓄水后前10 a;③三峡水库主汛期洪水调度影响较小,而汛末蓄水对口门分流产生消极影响;④荆江干流河床冲刷降低了口门处中枯水位,对松滋口分流产生不利影响;⑤芦家河浅滩航道整治工程实施在一定程度上对维持口门段中枯水位发挥了关键作用,口门河段河道采砂在一定时段改善了口门进流条件。展开更多
The Jingjiang Reach is experiencing continuous channel degradation owing to operation of the Three Gorges Project(TGP)in2003.Significant retreat processes at composite riverbanks have occurred at local sites of this r...The Jingjiang Reach is experiencing continuous channel degradation owing to operation of the Three Gorges Project(TGP)in2003.Significant retreat processes at composite riverbanks have occurred at local sites of this reach,which may influence the stability of the river regime and the effect of existing river training works.Therefore,bank retreat plays a key role in fluvial processes of the Jingjiang Reach,and it is necessary to predict the long-term processes of bank retreat at typical sections in the reach.In this study,various factors influencing bank retreat in the Jingjiang Reach are investigated,based on bank erosion processes at four sections and the corresponding flow and sediment conditions.It is discovered that fluvial erosion intensity is a dominant factor in controlling the processes of bank retreat in the reach,although other factors,such as bank soil properties,can also influence bank retreat.The bankfull width at a section with severe bank erosion since 2002 is defined as being equal to the sum of the bankfull width in 2002 and the accumulated bank retreat distance after 2002.The magnitude of the bankfull width can be expressed as an exponential function of the previous 5-year average fluvial erosion intensity during flood seasons.The accumulated distances of bank retreat at four sections over the period 2002–2012 are predicted using the proposed empirical relationships,with the calculated bank retreat processes agreeing well with observed data.展开更多
基金supported by the National Key Technologies Research and Development Program (Grant No. 2006BAB05B02)
文摘The main stream of the Yangtze River, Dongting Lake, and the river network in the Jingjiang reach of the Yangtze River constitute a complex water system. This paper develops a one-dimensional （l-D） mathematical model for flood routing in the river network Of the Jingjiang River and Dongting Lake using the explicit finite volume method. Based on observed data during the flood periods in 1996 and 1998, the model was calibrated and validated, and the results show that the model is effective and has high accuracy. In addition, the one-dimensional mathematical model for the river network and the horizontal two-dimensional （2-D） mathematical model for the Jingjiang flood diversion area were coupled to simulate the flood process in the Jingjiang River, Dongting Lake, and the Jingjiang flood diversion area. The calculated results of the coupled model are consistent with the practical processes. Meanwhile, the results show that the flood diversion has significant effects on the decrease of the peak water level at the Shashi and Chenjiawan hydrological stations near the flood diversion gates, and the effect is more obvious in the downstream than in the upstream.
文摘In the light of the historical substantial data (covering a 70-year period) collected in the Lower Jingjiang segment and aided by topological grey method, here we attempt to characterize the occurrence and future trend of flood calamities in the study area. Our findings indicate that overall the high-frequent flood disasters with middle to lower damage prevail at present. A series of dramatic flood waves will appear in the years of 2016, 2022, 2030 and 2042, particularly a destructive flood will occur between 2041 and 2045 in the Lower Jingjiang reaches. Typical of sensitive response to flood hazards in close association with its special geographical location, the lower Jingjiang segment hereby can reflect the development trend of floods in the middle Yangtze reaches. According to the results, a good fitness was revealed between the prediction and practical values. This actually hints that the topological grey method is an effective mathematical means of resolving problems containing uncertainty and indetermination, thus providing valuable information for the flood prediction in the middle Yangtze catchment.
文摘River cutoff works have been implemented on Lower Jingjiang section for 30 years. Engineering practices have shown that channel straightening has been the river regulation measure for the permanent control of the meandering Lower Jingjiang section. River cutoff have been carried out in accordance with the evolution property of meandering rivers and these works have brought about expected benefits. It has also been noted that certain aspects in river cutoff had not been fully understood. River cutoff is a dynamic engineering. River channel evolution properties shall be fully understood so as to adroitly guide actions according to circumstances in cutoff works. In addition, river channel evolution observation and engineering effectiveness monitoring should be strengthened with a view to update the designs. The diversion canals for channel shortening are of great importance that will account for the success or failure of river cutoff works. The newly formed river channels and the river regime control works on the adjacent upper and lower reaches are guarantees for river cutoff works to be brought into play in the long run.
文摘松滋河是连通长江与洞庭湖的主要通道。自1950s以来,随着下荆江系统裁弯及葛洲坝、三峡等水利工程相继建成,松滋河分流量呈现阶段性减少。基于系列水文和河道原型观测资料,分析了三峡水库蓄水后松滋口分流变化特征及其影响因素。结果表明:①三峡水库蓄水后,松滋口年分流比基本稳定在7%左右,没有明显趋势性变化;②当枝城站出现>25000 m 3/s流量时,蓄水后松滋口分流能力明显提升,特别是蓄水后前10 a;③三峡水库主汛期洪水调度影响较小,而汛末蓄水对口门分流产生消极影响;④荆江干流河床冲刷降低了口门处中枯水位,对松滋口分流产生不利影响;⑤芦家河浅滩航道整治工程实施在一定程度上对维持口门段中枯水位发挥了关键作用,口门河段河道采砂在一定时段改善了口门进流条件。
基金supported by the CRSRI Open Research Program(Grant No.CKWV2014204/KY)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.51079103 and 51339001)the National Basic Research Program of China("973" Project)(Grant No.2012CB417001)
文摘The Jingjiang Reach is experiencing continuous channel degradation owing to operation of the Three Gorges Project(TGP)in2003.Significant retreat processes at composite riverbanks have occurred at local sites of this reach,which may influence the stability of the river regime and the effect of existing river training works.Therefore,bank retreat plays a key role in fluvial processes of the Jingjiang Reach,and it is necessary to predict the long-term processes of bank retreat at typical sections in the reach.In this study,various factors influencing bank retreat in the Jingjiang Reach are investigated,based on bank erosion processes at four sections and the corresponding flow and sediment conditions.It is discovered that fluvial erosion intensity is a dominant factor in controlling the processes of bank retreat in the reach,although other factors,such as bank soil properties,can also influence bank retreat.The bankfull width at a section with severe bank erosion since 2002 is defined as being equal to the sum of the bankfull width in 2002 and the accumulated bank retreat distance after 2002.The magnitude of the bankfull width can be expressed as an exponential function of the previous 5-year average fluvial erosion intensity during flood seasons.The accumulated distances of bank retreat at four sections over the period 2002–2012 are predicted using the proposed empirical relationships,with the calculated bank retreat processes agreeing well with observed data.
