The Jinping I hydropower station is a huge water conservancy project consisting of the highest concrete arch dam to date in the world and a highly complex and large underground powerhouse cavern. It is located on the ...The Jinping I hydropower station is a huge water conservancy project consisting of the highest concrete arch dam to date in the world and a highly complex and large underground powerhouse cavern. It is located on the right bank with extremely high in-situ stress and a few discontinuities observed in surrounding rock masses. The problems of rock mass deformation and failure result in considerable challenges related to project design and construction and have raised a wide range of concerns in the fields of rock mechanics and engineering. During the excavation of underground caverns, high in-situ stress and relatively low rock mass strength in combination with large excavation dimensions lead to large deformation of the surrounding rock mass and support. Existing experiences in excavation and support cannot deal with the large deformation of rock mass effectively, and further studies are needed. In this paper, the geological conditions, layout of caverns, and design of excavation and support are first introduced, and then detailed analyses of deformation and failure characteristics of rocks are presented. Based on this, the mechanisms of deformation and failure are discussed, and the support adjustments for controlling rock large deformation and subsequent excavation procedures are proposed. Finally, the effectiveness of support and excavation adjustments to maintain the stability of the rock mass is verified. The measures for controlling the large deformation of surrounding rocks enrich the practical experiences related to the design and construction of large underground openings, and the construction of caverns in the Jinping I hydropower station provides a good case study of large-scale excavation in highly stressed ground with complex geological structures, as well as a reference case for research on rock mechanics.展开更多
不利地质构造及软弱地层是卡拉水电站地下洞室群围岩稳定控制的关键性因素,鉴于此,采用离散元方法建立了包含不同级别结构面及软弱地层的节理岩体模型。在节理岩体模型的基础上,对处于优化设计阶段的卡拉水电站进行洞室群稳定性分析以...不利地质构造及软弱地层是卡拉水电站地下洞室群围岩稳定控制的关键性因素,鉴于此,采用离散元方法建立了包含不同级别结构面及软弱地层的节理岩体模型。在节理岩体模型的基础上,对处于优化设计阶段的卡拉水电站进行洞室群稳定性分析以及主副厂房洞和主变洞间距优化研究。数值计算结果表明:地下厂房洞室群整体稳定性较好,地下厂房区围岩具备成洞条件;但存在软弱地层T 3 z 2-5区域围岩变形较大,局部区域节理相互切割易造成块体滑落等工程地质问题,需要对其重点关注;结合洞群开挖后围岩内场量的分布情况以及经济指标和力学指标,从定性和定量角度对洞室间距进行了优选,最终确定主副厂房洞和主变洞间距50 m为最优方案。相关研究成果对于卡拉水电站洞室优化、安全施工具有一定指导意义。展开更多
文摘The Jinping I hydropower station is a huge water conservancy project consisting of the highest concrete arch dam to date in the world and a highly complex and large underground powerhouse cavern. It is located on the right bank with extremely high in-situ stress and a few discontinuities observed in surrounding rock masses. The problems of rock mass deformation and failure result in considerable challenges related to project design and construction and have raised a wide range of concerns in the fields of rock mechanics and engineering. During the excavation of underground caverns, high in-situ stress and relatively low rock mass strength in combination with large excavation dimensions lead to large deformation of the surrounding rock mass and support. Existing experiences in excavation and support cannot deal with the large deformation of rock mass effectively, and further studies are needed. In this paper, the geological conditions, layout of caverns, and design of excavation and support are first introduced, and then detailed analyses of deformation and failure characteristics of rocks are presented. Based on this, the mechanisms of deformation and failure are discussed, and the support adjustments for controlling rock large deformation and subsequent excavation procedures are proposed. Finally, the effectiveness of support and excavation adjustments to maintain the stability of the rock mass is verified. The measures for controlling the large deformation of surrounding rocks enrich the practical experiences related to the design and construction of large underground openings, and the construction of caverns in the Jinping I hydropower station provides a good case study of large-scale excavation in highly stressed ground with complex geological structures, as well as a reference case for research on rock mechanics.
文摘不利地质构造及软弱地层是卡拉水电站地下洞室群围岩稳定控制的关键性因素,鉴于此,采用离散元方法建立了包含不同级别结构面及软弱地层的节理岩体模型。在节理岩体模型的基础上,对处于优化设计阶段的卡拉水电站进行洞室群稳定性分析以及主副厂房洞和主变洞间距优化研究。数值计算结果表明:地下厂房洞室群整体稳定性较好,地下厂房区围岩具备成洞条件;但存在软弱地层T 3 z 2-5区域围岩变形较大,局部区域节理相互切割易造成块体滑落等工程地质问题,需要对其重点关注;结合洞群开挖后围岩内场量的分布情况以及经济指标和力学指标,从定性和定量角度对洞室间距进行了优选,最终确定主副厂房洞和主变洞间距50 m为最优方案。相关研究成果对于卡拉水电站洞室优化、安全施工具有一定指导意义。