Understanding the groundwater dynamics is very important for strategic management of the water resource as urbanization and population growth put South Africa’s current water supply under tremendous stress. The groun...Understanding the groundwater dynamics is very important for strategic management of the water resource as urbanization and population growth put South Africa’s current water supply under tremendous stress. The groundwater resources potential and quality characteristics of the greater Johannesburg area, was thoroughly assessed using hydrogeochemical and environmental isotope techniques. The results of the geochemical and stable isotope investigations help understand the groundwater setting. Mixing process of fresh and polluted water is taking place at shallow zones within the weathered crystalline rocks and dissolution cavities in dolomites, where the rocks are characterized by the lithological and structural complexities. Furthermore, it was confirmed that the solute composition of the water results from two basic contributions: the reaction of meteoric water with weathered zones in the near surface area and direct infiltration through dolomite dissolution cavities. The results further indicate that the dominant movement mechanism of ions is through a diffusive process, which could be due to the limited availability of fractures with depth and its possible sealing by calcite precipitation. Consequently, the provenance of groundwater circulation is limited to shallow depths, however, dissolution cavities, fractured and sheared zones allow deeper circulation of groundwater. Moreover, the natural water quality is found to be highly impacted by acid mine drainage which is derived from the gold mines in the Witwatersrand basin as it has been observed in previous studies.展开更多
The First Ministerial Conference of Forum on China-Africa Cooperation(FOCAC)was held in Beijing on October 10th 2000.The FOCAC Summit has been held every three years since then.On December 4th and 5th 2015,The Summit ...The First Ministerial Conference of Forum on China-Africa Cooperation(FOCAC)was held in Beijing on October 10th 2000.The FOCAC Summit has been held every three years since then.On December 4th and 5th 2015,The Summit was held in Johannesburg of South Africa,the first one held on the African Continent.As展开更多
The beautiful Swan Queen under the spell of the evil Magician is performed with passion and power in an exciting new version of the classic ballet Swan Lake. The performance is presented in a unique collaboration betw...The beautiful Swan Queen under the spell of the evil Magician is performed with passion and power in an exciting new version of the classic ballet Swan Lake. The performance is presented in a unique collaboration between Joburg Ballet of South Africa and the Liaoning Ballet of China. Swan Lake is part of the celebrations for the Year of China in South Africa taking place during 2015, that showcase the growing cooperation in China-South Africa cooperation.展开更多
After nearly four and a half year term in South Africa, I took my departure from Johannesburg in South Africa on the way back to Beijing on the last day of 2018.
From June 25 to 26,2018 Civil BRICS Forum was held in Johannesburg,South Africa.This Forum was co-hosted by Economic Justice Network and National Institute for the Humanities and Social Sciences (NIHSS)of South Africa...From June 25 to 26,2018 Civil BRICS Forum was held in Johannesburg,South Africa.This Forum was co-hosted by Economic Justice Network and National Institute for the Humanities and Social Sciences (NIHSS)of South Africa.Over one hundred CSO representatives from South Africa,China,India,Russia and other developing countries joined the Forum.China NGO Network for International Exchanges (CNIE) sent a delegation to attend the Forum.展开更多
Admittedly, the stratospheric rise of Informal African Immigrant Traders （IAIT） in the Johannesburg inner city within a climate of discrimination, harassment, hostility, and xenophobia has engendered survival strate...Admittedly, the stratospheric rise of Informal African Immigrant Traders （IAIT） in the Johannesburg inner city within a climate of discrimination, harassment, hostility, and xenophobia has engendered survival strategies which border on the illegal and underground. Based on an in-depth interview study of 40 IAIT, operating in the Johannesburg inner city and specialising in clothes, cellphone and accessories, household goods, fruits and vegetables, and a courier company, this paper posits that the registered and unregistered IAIT operate side by side with the latter operating from undesignated sites, either bribing or deceitful evading the Johannesburg Metropolitan Police （JMP）. Is this the characteristic of IAIT in the Johannesburg inner city？ Ostensibly, the success of challenging the institutional regulatory regime points to the possibility of African immigrant traders existing on the edge of impropriety or lawlessness. To this end, there is a need for comprehensive policy initiatives starting from the national and cascading to the provincial and municipality levels that will effectively address and manage urban informality, including the activities of the IAIT, failing which these will fuel operations outside the regulatory regimes and the mushrooming of the underground economic activities.展开更多
Background:To determine the impact of pre-transplant diabetes mellitus(DM)and post-transplant hypertension(HT)at 1 year on renal allograft survival in all adult first kidney-only(FKO)transplant recipients at a single ...Background:To determine the impact of pre-transplant diabetes mellitus(DM)and post-transplant hypertension(HT)at 1 year on renal allograft survival in all adult first kidney-only(FKO)transplant recipients at a single transplant center in Johannesburg,South Africa.Materials and methods:A retrospective review was conducted of all adult FKO transplant procedures at the Charlotte Maxeke Johannesburg Academic Hospital transplant unit between 1966 and 2013.Results:During the stipulated timeframe,1685 adult FKO transplant procedures were performed.Of these,84.1%were from deceased donors(n=1413/1685).The prevalence of pre-transplant DM transplant recipients with no missing or incomplete records was 6.5%(n=107/1625).Of the total cohort of 1685 adult FKO transplant recipients,63.6%of those with no missing data survived to 1 year(n=1072/1685).The prevalence of HT at 1-year post-transplant was 53.6%(n=503/1072).HT at 1-year post-transplant,even after adjusted survival analysis,proved a significant risk factor for renal allograft loss(hazard ratio,1.63;95%confidence interval,1.37-1.94)(p<0.0001).Similarly,after adjusted survival analysis,the risk of renal allograft loss within the pre-transplant DM group was significantly higher(p=0.043;hazard ratio,1.26;95%confidence interval,1.01-1.58).Conclusions:This study identified pre-transplantation diabetes mellitus and post-transplantation HT as significant risk factors for graft loss within the population assessed in this region of the world.These factors could potentially be used as independent predictors of renal graft survival.展开更多
Urban forestry has been defined as the art, science and technology of managing trees and forestresources in and around urban community ecosystems for the physiological, sociological, economic andaesthetic benefits tre...Urban forestry has been defined as the art, science and technology of managing trees and forestresources in and around urban community ecosystems for the physiological, sociological, economic andaesthetic benefits trees provide. The importance of urban forestry has received limited attention in manypoor countries as it is often percieved as being associated with beautification projects, which are considereda luxury benefiting only the wealthier part of the population. However, urban forestry may have a number ofenvironmental, economic and socio-cultural values, which will also benefit poorer segments of city populations.Even in poorer countries, planning for urban trees and forests is a good investment, as these areas will bedemanded when income levels increase. Once everything is allocated to other construction or infrastructure,it may be very difficult to create new green areas unless these are planned for.The Danish Centre for Forest, Landscape and Planning has been leading actor in the development of UrbanForestry during the last decade. EUFORIC (European Urban Forestry Research and Information Centre),COST Action E12 Urban Forests and Trees and E39 Forests, Trees and Human Health and Wellbeing areall examples of activities initiated and coordinated by the Danish centre. It has also developed urban forestryand urban greening as a concept for environment and development aid projects in Eastern Europe anddeveloping countries in Southeast Asia and Southern Africa. Over the coming years, the main challange willbe to ensure that the expansion of the green infrastructure in the worlds urban areas is implemented withinthe framework of sustainability and human health and well-being, without the use of a technology inimical toman and nature and with as few chemical aids as possible.展开更多
文摘Understanding the groundwater dynamics is very important for strategic management of the water resource as urbanization and population growth put South Africa’s current water supply under tremendous stress. The groundwater resources potential and quality characteristics of the greater Johannesburg area, was thoroughly assessed using hydrogeochemical and environmental isotope techniques. The results of the geochemical and stable isotope investigations help understand the groundwater setting. Mixing process of fresh and polluted water is taking place at shallow zones within the weathered crystalline rocks and dissolution cavities in dolomites, where the rocks are characterized by the lithological and structural complexities. Furthermore, it was confirmed that the solute composition of the water results from two basic contributions: the reaction of meteoric water with weathered zones in the near surface area and direct infiltration through dolomite dissolution cavities. The results further indicate that the dominant movement mechanism of ions is through a diffusive process, which could be due to the limited availability of fractures with depth and its possible sealing by calcite precipitation. Consequently, the provenance of groundwater circulation is limited to shallow depths, however, dissolution cavities, fractured and sheared zones allow deeper circulation of groundwater. Moreover, the natural water quality is found to be highly impacted by acid mine drainage which is derived from the gold mines in the Witwatersrand basin as it has been observed in previous studies.
文摘The First Ministerial Conference of Forum on China-Africa Cooperation(FOCAC)was held in Beijing on October 10th 2000.The FOCAC Summit has been held every three years since then.On December 4th and 5th 2015,The Summit was held in Johannesburg of South Africa,the first one held on the African Continent.As
文摘The beautiful Swan Queen under the spell of the evil Magician is performed with passion and power in an exciting new version of the classic ballet Swan Lake. The performance is presented in a unique collaboration between Joburg Ballet of South Africa and the Liaoning Ballet of China. Swan Lake is part of the celebrations for the Year of China in South Africa taking place during 2015, that showcase the growing cooperation in China-South Africa cooperation.
文摘After nearly four and a half year term in South Africa, I took my departure from Johannesburg in South Africa on the way back to Beijing on the last day of 2018.
文摘From June 25 to 26,2018 Civil BRICS Forum was held in Johannesburg,South Africa.This Forum was co-hosted by Economic Justice Network and National Institute for the Humanities and Social Sciences (NIHSS)of South Africa.Over one hundred CSO representatives from South Africa,China,India,Russia and other developing countries joined the Forum.China NGO Network for International Exchanges (CNIE) sent a delegation to attend the Forum.
文摘Admittedly, the stratospheric rise of Informal African Immigrant Traders （IAIT） in the Johannesburg inner city within a climate of discrimination, harassment, hostility, and xenophobia has engendered survival strategies which border on the illegal and underground. Based on an in-depth interview study of 40 IAIT, operating in the Johannesburg inner city and specialising in clothes, cellphone and accessories, household goods, fruits and vegetables, and a courier company, this paper posits that the registered and unregistered IAIT operate side by side with the latter operating from undesignated sites, either bribing or deceitful evading the Johannesburg Metropolitan Police （JMP）. Is this the characteristic of IAIT in the Johannesburg inner city？ Ostensibly, the success of challenging the institutional regulatory regime points to the possibility of African immigrant traders existing on the edge of impropriety or lawlessness. To this end, there is a need for comprehensive policy initiatives starting from the national and cascading to the provincial and municipality levels that will effectively address and manage urban informality, including the activities of the IAIT, failing which these will fuel operations outside the regulatory regimes and the mushrooming of the underground economic activities.
文摘Background:To determine the impact of pre-transplant diabetes mellitus(DM)and post-transplant hypertension(HT)at 1 year on renal allograft survival in all adult first kidney-only(FKO)transplant recipients at a single transplant center in Johannesburg,South Africa.Materials and methods:A retrospective review was conducted of all adult FKO transplant procedures at the Charlotte Maxeke Johannesburg Academic Hospital transplant unit between 1966 and 2013.Results:During the stipulated timeframe,1685 adult FKO transplant procedures were performed.Of these,84.1%were from deceased donors(n=1413/1685).The prevalence of pre-transplant DM transplant recipients with no missing or incomplete records was 6.5%(n=107/1625).Of the total cohort of 1685 adult FKO transplant recipients,63.6%of those with no missing data survived to 1 year(n=1072/1685).The prevalence of HT at 1-year post-transplant was 53.6%(n=503/1072).HT at 1-year post-transplant,even after adjusted survival analysis,proved a significant risk factor for renal allograft loss(hazard ratio,1.63;95%confidence interval,1.37-1.94)(p<0.0001).Similarly,after adjusted survival analysis,the risk of renal allograft loss within the pre-transplant DM group was significantly higher(p=0.043;hazard ratio,1.26;95%confidence interval,1.01-1.58).Conclusions:This study identified pre-transplantation diabetes mellitus and post-transplantation HT as significant risk factors for graft loss within the population assessed in this region of the world.These factors could potentially be used as independent predictors of renal graft survival.
文摘Urban forestry has been defined as the art, science and technology of managing trees and forestresources in and around urban community ecosystems for the physiological, sociological, economic andaesthetic benefits trees provide. The importance of urban forestry has received limited attention in manypoor countries as it is often percieved as being associated with beautification projects, which are considereda luxury benefiting only the wealthier part of the population. However, urban forestry may have a number ofenvironmental, economic and socio-cultural values, which will also benefit poorer segments of city populations.Even in poorer countries, planning for urban trees and forests is a good investment, as these areas will bedemanded when income levels increase. Once everything is allocated to other construction or infrastructure,it may be very difficult to create new green areas unless these are planned for.The Danish Centre for Forest, Landscape and Planning has been leading actor in the development of UrbanForestry during the last decade. EUFORIC (European Urban Forestry Research and Information Centre),COST Action E12 Urban Forests and Trees and E39 Forests, Trees and Human Health and Wellbeing areall examples of activities initiated and coordinated by the Danish centre. It has also developed urban forestryand urban greening as a concept for environment and development aid projects in Eastern Europe anddeveloping countries in Southeast Asia and Southern Africa. Over the coming years, the main challange willbe to ensure that the expansion of the green infrastructure in the worlds urban areas is implemented withinthe framework of sustainability and human health and well-being, without the use of a technology inimical toman and nature and with as few chemical aids as possible.
