A modified Johnson-Cook model for NC warm bending of large diameter thin-walled Ti-6Al-4V tube in wide ranges of strain rates and temperatures

Numerical control（NC） warm bending is a proven strategy to form the large diameter thin-walled（LDTW） Ti-6 Al-4 V tubes, which are typical light-weight and high-performance structural components urgently required in many industries. In virtue of unveiling the thermo-mechanical coupled deformation behaviors, uniaxial tensile tests were conducted on Ti-6 Al-4 V tube within wide ranges of temperatures（25-600 ℃） and strain rates（0.00067-0.1 s～（-1））. Moreover, a modified Johnson-Cook（JC） model is proposed with a consideration of nonlinear strain rate hardening and the interaction between strain hardening and thermal softening. Resultantly, the present model gives more accurate predictions for flow stress over the entire deformation ranges and the maximum error decreases by about 90%. By employing proposed model to NC warm bending, preferable precision is obtained in predicting forming defects including fracture, wrinkling and over thinning. The present work lays foundation for the forming limit prediction and process optimization in NC warm bending of LDTW Ti-6 Al-4 V tubes.

Adiabatic shear sensitivity of ductile metal based on gradient-dependent JOHNSON-COOK model

Based on the expression proposed by WANG for the local plastic shear deformation distribution in the adiabatic shear band（ASB） using gradient-dependent plasticity,the effects of 10 parameters on the adiabatic shear sensitivity were studied.The experimental data for a flow line in the ASB obtained by LIAO and DUFFY were fitted by use of the curve-fitting least squares method and the proposed expression.The critical plastic shear strains corresponding to the onset of the ASB for Ti-6Al-4V were assessed at different assigned ASB widths.It is found that the proposed expression describes well the non-linear deformation characteristics of the flow line in the ASB.Some parameters in the JOHNSON-COOK model are back-calculated using different critical plastic shear strains.The adiabatic shear sensitivity decreases as initial static yield stress,work to heat conversion factor and strain-rate parameter decrease,which is opposite to the effects of density,heat capacity,ambient temperature and strain-hardening exponent.The present model can predict the ASB width evolution process.The predicted ASB width decreases with straining until a stable value is reached.The famous model proposed by DODD and BAI only can predict a final stable value.

Effects of constitutive parameters on adiabatic shear localization for ductile metal based on JOHNSON-COOK and gradient plasticity models

By using the widely used JOHNSON-COOK model and the gradient-dependent plasticity to consider microstructural effect beyond the occurrence of shear strain localization,the distributions of local plastic shear strain and deformation in adiabatic shear band(ASB)were analyzed.The peak local plastic shear strain is proportional to the average plastic shear strain,while it is inversely proportional to the critical plastic shear strain corresponding to the peak flow shear stress.The relative plastic shear deformation between the top and base of ASB depends on the thickness of ASB and the average plastic shear strain.A parametric study was carried out to study the influence of constitutive parameters on shear strain localization.Higher values of static shear strength and work to heat conversion factor lead to lower critical plastic shear strain so that the shear localization is more apparent at the same average plastic shear strain.Higher values of strain-hardening exponent,strain rate sensitive coefficient,melting point,thermal capacity and mass density result in higher critical plastic shear strain,leading to less apparent shear localization at the same average plastic shear strain.The strain rate sensitive coefficient has a minor influence on the critical plastic shear strain,the distributions of local plastic shear strain and deformation in ASB.The effect of strain-hardening modulus on the critical plastic shear strain is not monotonous.When the maximum critical plastic shear strain is reached,the least apparent shear localization occurs.

Adiabatic shear localization evolution for steel based on the Johnson-Cook model and gradient-dependent plasticity

Gradient-dependent plasticity is introduced into the phenomenological Johnson-Cook model to study the effects of strainhardening, strain rate sensitivity, thermal-softening, and microstructure. The microstructural effect （interactions and interplay among microstructures） due to heterogeneity of texture plays an important role in the process of development or evolution of an adiabatic shear band with a certain thickness depending on the grain diameter. The distributed plastic shear strain and deformation in the shear band are derived and depend on the critical plastic shear strain corresponding to the peak flow shear stress, the coordinate or position, the internal length parameter, and the average plastic shear strain or the flow shear stress. The critical plastic shear strain, the distributed plastic shear strain, and deformation in the shear band are numerically predicted for a kind of steel deformed at a constant shear strain rate. Beyond the peak shear stress, the local plastic shear strain in the shear band is highly nonuniform and the local plastic shear deformation in the band is highly nonlinear. Shear localization is more apparent with the increase of the average plastic shear strain. The calculated distributions of the local plastic shear strain and deformation agree with the previous numerical and experimental results.

Adiabatic Shear Localization for Steels Based on Johnson-Cook Model and Second-and Fourth-Order Gradient Plasticity Models

To consider the effects of the interactions and interplay among microstructures, gradient-dependent models of second- and fourth-order are included in the widely used phenomenological Johnson-Cook model where the effects of strain-hardening, strain rate sensitivity, and thermal-softening are successfully described. The various parameters for 1006 steel, 4340 steel and S-7 tool steel are assigned. The distributions and evolutions of the local plastic shear strain and deformation in adiabatic shear band （ASB） are predicted. The calculated results of the second- and fourth- order gradient plasticity models are compared. S-7 tool steel possesses the steepest profile of local plastic shear strain in ASB, whereas 1006 steel has the least profile. The peak local plastic shear strain in ASB for S-7 tool steel is slightly higher than that for 4340 steel and is higher than that for 1006 steel. The extent of the nonlinear distribution of the local plastic shear deformation in ASB is more apparent for the S-7 tool steel, whereas it is the least apparent for 1006 steel. In fourth-order gradient plasticity model, the profile of the local plastic shear strain in the middle of ASB has a pronounced plateau whose width decreases with increasing average plastic shear strain, leading to a shrink of the portion of linear distribution of the profile of the local plastic shear deformation. When compared with the sec- ond-order gradient plasticity model, the fourth-order gradient plasticity model shows a lower peak local plastic shear strain in ASB and a higher magnitude of plastic shear deformation at the top or base of ASB, which is due to wider ASB. The present numerical results of the second- and fourth-order gradient plasticity models are consistent with the previous numerical and experimental results at least qualitatively.

JC本构参数反求中的自适应微型遗传算法

提出自适应微型遗传算法,使种群的交叉和变异概率可以根据适应度的大小自我调节,该算法经过了测试函数的测试。本文以JC(Johnson-Cook)本构模型描述的高导无氧铜材料为例,集成运用该算法和有限元方法来反求JC动态本构参数。结果表明,该方法提高了收敛速度和搜索效率,能够快速地获取参数。

基岩-混凝土胶结面剪切强度JRC-JCS模型研究

通过室内直剪试验,系统地研究了粗糙度、正应力对混凝土与基岩胶结面抗剪强度的影响,从而提出微风化花岗岩 混凝土胶结面剪切强度的JRC JCS模型,并给出了该模型的粗糙度适用范围.该模型考虑了粗糙度和正应力对胶结面剪切强度的影响,解释了剪切试验结果.此外,讨论了胶结面剪切强度的尺寸效应,给出粗糙度系数JRC与胶结面尺寸的关系式,为工程设计提供参考依据.

Johnson-Cook本构模型参数敏感度分析

Johnson-Cook(JC)本构模型在金属冲击爆炸数值模拟中应用广泛,为合理地确定JC本构模型参数,基于商业有限元软件LS-DYNA,分别建立了4340钢弹体贯穿6061-T651铝靶和T-200马钉钢侵彻7075-T651铝靶的有限元模型。在验证了模型参数正确性的基础上,分别以贯穿后的无量纲相对残余速度和侵彻后的无量纲相对侵彻深度作为指标,采用单一变量法,对JC模型的主要参数进行了敏感度分析。分析结果表明,屈服强度A敏感度最高,其次是应变硬化系数B和热软化指数m,应变率硬化系数C和应变硬化指数n敏感度最低。研究结果为金属冲击爆炸数值模拟中JC本构模型参数的选取提供了参考。

节理面JRC-JCS非线性准则的数值计算方法

为了采用JRC-JCS模型描述岩体节理非线性强度特征,首先,研究JRC-JCS强度非线性模型参数和Mohr-Coulomb强度线性模型参数之间的关系;然后,探讨JRC-JCS模型的数值实现方法,并通过节理室内剪切试验结果对数值模拟结果进行验证;最后,分析非线性模型参数对节理剪切强度的影响。研究结果表明:黏结力c和内摩擦角随节理粗糙系数JRC的增大而呈非线性增大;黏结力c随岩体压缩强度JCS的增大呈线性增大,而内摩擦角随JCS的增大而呈非线性增大。JRC的变化对于剪切强度的影响要比JCS的影响突出;验证了JRC-JCS模型数值计算方法的正确性。

Identification of constitutive model parameters for nickel aluminum bronze in machining

The material of nickel aluminum bronze (NAB) presents superior properties such as high strength, excellent wear resistance and stress corrosion resistance and is extensively used for marine propellers. In order to establish the constitutive relation of NAB under high strain rate condition, a new methodology was proposed to accurately identify the constitutive parameters of Johnson?Cook model in machining, combining SHPB tests, predictive cutting force model and orthogonal cutting experiment. Firstly, SHPB tests were carried out to obtain the true stress?strain curves at various temperatures and strain rates. Then, an objective function of the predictive and experimental flow stresses was set up, which put the identified parameters of SHPB tests as the initial value, and utilized the PSO algorithm to identify the constitutive parameters of NAB in machining. Finally, the identified parameters were verified to be sufficiently accurate by comparing the values of cutting forces calculated from the predictive model and FEM simulation.

基于JRC-JCS模型的边坡局部稳定性分析

为了建立JRC-JCS模型下的点安全系数计算方法,并对岩体边坡各部位稳定性进行评判,首先推导基于JRC-JCS模型的非线性点安全系数计算公式。然后,研究JRC-JCS模型参数对于点安全系数的影响,并通过算例分析,编制相应的点安全系数程序,应用于边坡各部位岩土体的稳定性分析中。研究结果表明:编制的计算程序的结果与FLAC3D的计算结果一致,从而验证了程序的正确性,并且该程序结果能够反映边坡岩体各部位的稳定情况。

TBM刀盘裂纹损伤特性及疲劳可靠性研究

刀盘作为硬岩掘进机(tunnel boring machine, TBM)工作过程中的核心受力载体,承受多方向的随机载荷,容易萌生裂纹导致疲劳失效,影响施工进度和安全,因此研究其裂纹疲劳可靠性具有重要意义。本研究通过受力分析得到刀盘易萌生裂纹区域及应力特征,并使用子模型技术法计算刀盘裂纹应力强度因子,研究刀盘裂纹损伤特性;然后结合裂纹疲劳理论,构建了以裂纹扩展寿命为基本变量的TBM刀盘裂纹疲劳可靠性评估模型,应用JC法求解刀盘在不同工作环境下的可靠度,并讨论了不同因素对刀盘可靠度的影响。研究表明:裂纹尖端最深处的裂纹扩展以张开型和撕开型为主,而裂纹两端3种扩展形式都存在;刀盘的裂纹疲劳可靠度随着初始裂纹深度的增大而显著减小,随着裂纹形状比的增大而增大,而临界裂纹深度的变化对可靠度的影响不明显。

JRC-JCS模型抗剪强度估算的平均斜率法

结构面对工程岩体的稳定性有着决定性的影响,结构面的抗剪强度参数是分析岩体稳定的关键的参数。本文回顾了结构面抗剪强度估算的JRC-JCS模型及其估算方法,提出了可快速估算结构面抗剪强度参数的平均斜率法,并通过对比分析阐明平均斜率法的优越性。

轴压下FRP管-混凝土-钢管组合柱可靠性分析

以85个FRP管-混凝土-钢管双壁空心柱(double-skin tubular column,DSTC)轴压试验数据作为统计样本,评估了几种现有FRP约束混凝土强度模型,最终选择Teng模型进行可靠性分析,并确定了强度模型误差和构件抗力的最佳概率分布.运用JC法对DSTC进行可靠度计算.结果表明:可靠指标随着钢管强度、中空率和含钢率的提高而升高,而对混凝土强度的变化不敏感.FRP约束应力的增加会导致可靠指标的下降.基于可靠指标目标3.7,提出一个适用于DSTC的抗力分项系数表达式.

JRC-JCS模型与直剪试验对比研究

结构面抗剪强度是影响工程岩体稳定的重要因素,它决定工程岩体破坏的可能性。基于结构面粗糙度系数定向统计测量技术的JRC-JCS模型可以考虑地质和环境因素的影响,具有费用低、速度快、简便易行等特点,是获取工程岩体无填充或少填充硬岩结构面抗剪强度参数的实用方法,已为50多个岩体工程提供了结构面抗剪强度参数。为分析JRC-JCS模型评价结构面抗剪强度参数的可靠性,选取天然岩石结构面试样,进行干燥状态和饱和状态结构面抗剪强度直剪试验和JRC-JCS模型评价的对比研究。结果表明,在结构面粗糙度系数的定向统计测量、尺寸效应分析,以及剪切过程衰减折减的基础上,运用结构面粗糙度系数定向统计测量技术的JRC-JCS模型评价的结构面抗剪强度参数与直剪试验结果具有较好的一致性,JRC-JCS模型对结构面峰值摩擦角有较好的预测能力。

JRC-JCS模型在抗剪强度参数取值中的应用

工程岩体的失稳几乎都是沿着结构面发生的。而岩体结构面的抗剪性质并不完全满足莫尔-库仑准则,因此在岩质边坡的稳定性分析中采用莫尔-库仑准则有可能会带来较大误差。本文简要的回顾了岩体结构面抗剪强度估算方法发展的历程,提出了基于JRC-JCS模型计算等效抗剪强度参数的概念和方法,并通过简单计算实例阐明了这一方法在处理实际工程问题中的特点。

Nonlinear Impact Damage Evolution of Charpy Type and Analysis of Its Key Influencing Factors

The current research of Charpy impact mainly focuses on obtaining the ductile brittle transition temperature of materials by experiments.Compared with experiments,numerical simulation can study many problems with harsh conditions.However,there are still few studies on the influence of geometric factors such as side grooves.In this paper,the geometry of standard Charpy impact test is designed.Specimens with different widths and side grooves are tested.The finite element model of Charpy impact was established by ABAQUS software.Use test results and simulation results to verify each other.The effects of sample width,side groove depth and side groove bottom fillet on the impact fracture resistance of the sample were studied.The results show that the specimen width is positively correlated with the impact toughness of the specimen.The side groove greatly reduces the impact toughness of the material;the toughness of side groove decreases with the increase of depth;the fracture toughness of side groove decreases with the increase of fillet at the bottom of side groove.The proportion of toughness energy to impact energy of samples was analyzed.The results show that the toughness energy accounts for about 70%of the impact energy of the sample,which has little to do with the geometric characteristics of the sample.This study presents a reliable method for studying Charpy impact tests.The influence of geometric parameters is obtained,which provides a reference method for the study of impact toughness of high toughness materials.

Study on Dynamic Mechanical Behavior of Al-Mg-Si Alloy

The dynamic mechanical behavior of Al-Mg-Si alloy was investigated under different strain rates by mechanical property and microstructure characterization,constitutive behavior analysis and numerical simulation in the present study.As the strain rate increases,the yield strength,ultimate tensile strength and elongation increase first,then remain almost constant,and finally increase.The alloy always exhibits a typical ductile fracture mode,not depending on the strain rate.However,as the strain rate increases,the number of dimples gradually increases.Tensile deformation can refine grains,however,the grain structure is slightly affected by the strain rate.An optimized Johnson-Cook constitutive equation was used to describe the mechanical behavior and obtained by fitting the true stress-strain curves.The parameter C was described by a function related to the strain rate.The fitting true stress-strain curves by the JC model agree very well with the experimental true stress-strain curves.The true stress-strain curves calculated by the finite element numerical simulation agree well with the experimental true stress-strain curves.

Kerr媒质中强度相关JC模型的膺不变本征算符

主要研究一种非线性Jaynes-Cummings(JC)模型的膺不变本征算符,这种JC模型描述的是一个两能级的原子在Kerr媒质中与单模腔场之间的(强度相关的)相互作用.基于已有的膺不变本征算符方法,在对应的本征矢空间里求解出了该模型的膺不变本征算符以及相应的能级差.

JRC-JCS模型在某边坡抗剪强度取值中的应用

简要回顾了岩体结构面抗剪强度估算方法发展的历程和JRC-JCS模型的原理,并以某边坡岩体中的硬性结构面为研究对象,利用JRC-JCS模型和结构面剪切试验两种方法相互验证,确定结构面抗剪强度指标值。