The longitudinal dispersion of the projectile in shooting tests of two-dimensional trajectory corrections fused with fixed canards is extremely large that it sometimes exceeds the correction ability of the correction ...The longitudinal dispersion of the projectile in shooting tests of two-dimensional trajectory corrections fused with fixed canards is extremely large that it sometimes exceeds the correction ability of the correction fuse actuator.The impact point easily deviates from the target,and thus the correction result cannot be readily evaluated.However,the cost of shooting tests is considerably high to conduct many tests for data collection.To address this issue,this study proposes an aiming method for shooting tests based on small sample size.The proposed method uses the Bootstrap method to expand the test data;repeatedly iterates and corrects the position of the simulated theoretical impact points through an improved compatibility test method;and dynamically adjusts the weight of the prior distribution of simulation results based on Kullback-Leibler divergence,which to some extent avoids the real data being"submerged"by the simulation data and achieves the fusion Bayesian estimation of the dispersion center.The experimental results show that when the simulation accuracy is sufficiently high,the proposed method yields a smaller mean-square deviation in estimating the dispersion center and higher shooting accuracy than those of the three comparison methods,which is more conducive to reflecting the effect of the control algorithm and facilitating test personnel to iterate their proposed structures and algorithms.;in addition,this study provides a knowledge base for further comprehensive studies in the future.展开更多
The objectives of this paper are to demonstrate the algorithms employed by three statistical software programs (R, Real Statistics using Excel, and SPSS) for calculating the exact two-tailed probability of the Wald-Wo...The objectives of this paper are to demonstrate the algorithms employed by three statistical software programs (R, Real Statistics using Excel, and SPSS) for calculating the exact two-tailed probability of the Wald-Wolfowitz one-sample runs test for randomness, to present a novel approach for computing this probability, and to compare the four procedures by generating samples of 10 and 11 data points, varying the parameters n<sub>0</sub> (number of zeros) and n<sub>1</sub> (number of ones), as well as the number of runs. Fifty-nine samples are created to replicate the behavior of the distribution of the number of runs with 10 and 11 data points. The exact two-tailed probabilities for the four procedures were compared using Friedman’s test. Given the significant difference in central tendency, post-hoc comparisons were conducted using Conover’s test with Benjamini-Yekutielli correction. It is concluded that the procedures of Real Statistics using Excel and R exhibit some inadequacies in the calculation of the exact two-tailed probability, whereas the new proposal and the SPSS procedure are deemed more suitable. The proposed robust algorithm has a more transparent rationale than the SPSS one, albeit being somewhat more conservative. We recommend its implementation for this test and its application to others, such as the binomial and sign test.展开更多
Hydraulic pumps belong to reliable long-life hydraulic components. The reliability evaluation includes characters such as long test period,high cost,and high power loss and so on. Based on the principle of energy-savi...Hydraulic pumps belong to reliable long-life hydraulic components. The reliability evaluation includes characters such as long test period,high cost,and high power loss and so on. Based on the principle of energy-saving and power recovery,a small sample hydraulic pump reliability test rig is built,and the service life of hydraulic pump is predicted,and then the sampling period of reliability test is optimized. On the basis of considering the performance degradation mechanism of hydraulic pump,the feature information of degradation distribution of hydraulic pump volumetric efficiency during the test is collected,so an optimal degradation path model of feature information is selected from the aspect of fitting accuracy,and pseudo life data are obtained. Then a small sample reliability test of period constrained optimization search strategy for hydraulic pump is constructed to solve the optimization problem of the test sampling period and tightening end threshold,and it is verified that the accuracy of the minimum sampling period by the non-parametric hypothes is tested. Simulation result shows it could possess instructional significance and referenced value for hydraulic pump reliability life evaluation and the test's research and design.展开更多
To satisfy the demand of test evaluation of carrier rocket, the character of aerocraft and the primary flight error should be well considered. By making full use of tracking data and ground test data, a new method is ...To satisfy the demand of test evaluation of carrier rocket, the character of aerocraft and the primary flight error should be well considered. By making full use of tracking data and ground test data, a new method is provided to expand sample size through converting the system error of guidance instruments (SEGI) of special case into standard case. In terms of the prior distribution of the SEGI coefficients, a novel model, named Bayes spline model, is developed for precision evaluation, and its performance is analyzed subsequently. For a given threshold of precision,the test length can be determined by the posterior variance with the afore-mentioned model. Finally, it is proved by theoretical analysis and simulation that this method has clear engineering background and is able to fully exploit the test resources and enables us to draw a more reasonable conclusion.展开更多
目的当竞争风险存在时,基于限制平均损失时间(restricted mean time lost,RMTL)的方法具有较少的模型假设条件和更直观的解释性。组间效应量为RMTL差值(RMTL difference,RMTLd),对应假设检验基于大样本下构建,而在小样本假设下的表现效...目的当竞争风险存在时,基于限制平均损失时间(restricted mean time lost,RMTL)的方法具有较少的模型假设条件和更直观的解释性。组间效应量为RMTL差值(RMTL difference,RMTLd),对应假设检验基于大样本下构建,而在小样本假设下的表现效果未知。方法本文探讨RMTLd在小样本下的表现,并发展了几种RMTL的变量转换法以提高此时的统计性能,且通过Monte Carlo模拟评价它们在不同情形下的Ⅰ类错误和检验效能。结果在小样本下,RMTLd检验原方法存在Ⅰ类错误膨胀的现象,而四种转换法之一的逻辑转换法能够保持较好的统计性能。结论在分析小样本竞争风险数据时,推荐使用RMTL的逻辑转换进行统计分析。展开更多
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.61973033)Preliminary Research of Equipment(Grant No.9090102010305)for funding the experiments。
文摘The longitudinal dispersion of the projectile in shooting tests of two-dimensional trajectory corrections fused with fixed canards is extremely large that it sometimes exceeds the correction ability of the correction fuse actuator.The impact point easily deviates from the target,and thus the correction result cannot be readily evaluated.However,the cost of shooting tests is considerably high to conduct many tests for data collection.To address this issue,this study proposes an aiming method for shooting tests based on small sample size.The proposed method uses the Bootstrap method to expand the test data;repeatedly iterates and corrects the position of the simulated theoretical impact points through an improved compatibility test method;and dynamically adjusts the weight of the prior distribution of simulation results based on Kullback-Leibler divergence,which to some extent avoids the real data being"submerged"by the simulation data and achieves the fusion Bayesian estimation of the dispersion center.The experimental results show that when the simulation accuracy is sufficiently high,the proposed method yields a smaller mean-square deviation in estimating the dispersion center and higher shooting accuracy than those of the three comparison methods,which is more conducive to reflecting the effect of the control algorithm and facilitating test personnel to iterate their proposed structures and algorithms.;in addition,this study provides a knowledge base for further comprehensive studies in the future.
文摘The objectives of this paper are to demonstrate the algorithms employed by three statistical software programs (R, Real Statistics using Excel, and SPSS) for calculating the exact two-tailed probability of the Wald-Wolfowitz one-sample runs test for randomness, to present a novel approach for computing this probability, and to compare the four procedures by generating samples of 10 and 11 data points, varying the parameters n<sub>0</sub> (number of zeros) and n<sub>1</sub> (number of ones), as well as the number of runs. Fifty-nine samples are created to replicate the behavior of the distribution of the number of runs with 10 and 11 data points. The exact two-tailed probabilities for the four procedures were compared using Friedman’s test. Given the significant difference in central tendency, post-hoc comparisons were conducted using Conover’s test with Benjamini-Yekutielli correction. It is concluded that the procedures of Real Statistics using Excel and R exhibit some inadequacies in the calculation of the exact two-tailed probability, whereas the new proposal and the SPSS procedure are deemed more suitable. The proposed robust algorithm has a more transparent rationale than the SPSS one, albeit being somewhat more conservative. We recommend its implementation for this test and its application to others, such as the binomial and sign test.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51405424,11673040)the Special Scientific Research Fund of Public Welfare for Quality Inspection(No.201510202)
文摘Hydraulic pumps belong to reliable long-life hydraulic components. The reliability evaluation includes characters such as long test period,high cost,and high power loss and so on. Based on the principle of energy-saving and power recovery,a small sample hydraulic pump reliability test rig is built,and the service life of hydraulic pump is predicted,and then the sampling period of reliability test is optimized. On the basis of considering the performance degradation mechanism of hydraulic pump,the feature information of degradation distribution of hydraulic pump volumetric efficiency during the test is collected,so an optimal degradation path model of feature information is selected from the aspect of fitting accuracy,and pseudo life data are obtained. Then a small sample reliability test of period constrained optimization search strategy for hydraulic pump is constructed to solve the optimization problem of the test sampling period and tightening end threshold,and it is verified that the accuracy of the minimum sampling period by the non-parametric hypothes is tested. Simulation result shows it could possess instructional significance and referenced value for hydraulic pump reliability life evaluation and the test's research and design.
基金This work was supported by Special Fund for Author of Excellent Doctor's Degree Dissertation in China and the Basic Research Fund of National University of Defense Technology in China.
文摘To satisfy the demand of test evaluation of carrier rocket, the character of aerocraft and the primary flight error should be well considered. By making full use of tracking data and ground test data, a new method is provided to expand sample size through converting the system error of guidance instruments (SEGI) of special case into standard case. In terms of the prior distribution of the SEGI coefficients, a novel model, named Bayes spline model, is developed for precision evaluation, and its performance is analyzed subsequently. For a given threshold of precision,the test length can be determined by the posterior variance with the afore-mentioned model. Finally, it is proved by theoretical analysis and simulation that this method has clear engineering background and is able to fully exploit the test resources and enables us to draw a more reasonable conclusion.
文摘目的当竞争风险存在时,基于限制平均损失时间(restricted mean time lost,RMTL)的方法具有较少的模型假设条件和更直观的解释性。组间效应量为RMTL差值(RMTL difference,RMTLd),对应假设检验基于大样本下构建,而在小样本假设下的表现效果未知。方法本文探讨RMTLd在小样本下的表现,并发展了几种RMTL的变量转换法以提高此时的统计性能,且通过Monte Carlo模拟评价它们在不同情形下的Ⅰ类错误和检验效能。结果在小样本下,RMTLd检验原方法存在Ⅰ类错误膨胀的现象,而四种转换法之一的逻辑转换法能够保持较好的统计性能。结论在分析小样本竞争风险数据时,推荐使用RMTL的逻辑转换进行统计分析。
