Content and densities of soil organic carbon in urban soil in different function districts of Kaifeng

Urban soil, forming along with the development of city, has unique properties of soil organic carbon. On the basis of field investigation and laboratory analysis, soil organic carbon （SOC） of Kaifeng city was studied, and the results showed that the characteristics of SOC were different not only among function districts in urban area, but also between urban area and suburbs. The order of SOC in topsoil was industrial district 〉 recreational district 〉 traffic district 〉 cultural/educational district 〉 residential/administrative district. The density of soil organic carbon （SOCD） in both topsoil and profile followed the orders of recreational district 〉 industrial district 〉 traffic district〉cultural/educational district 〉 residential/adminis-trative district, and cultural/educational district 〉 traffic district〉industrial district〉recreational district 〉 administrative/residential district, respectively. SOCD in both topsoil and profile decreased along the transection line from urban area to suburbs and urban area had 2.53-fold more SOCD in topsoil and 1.56-fold more SOCD in profile than suburbs, respectively. SOC decreased with the depth and was mainly distributed within the scope of 0-30 cm. The variances of SOC in urban area were more complicated than that in suburbs.

Landscape pattern dynamics of water body in Kaifeng city in the 20th century

Landscape spatial pattern mainly refers to the distribution of patches, which are different in size and shape in space owing to the interaction of various ecological activities. In landscape ecology study, landscape pattern has been one of the key study areas. Water body landscape plays an important role in the development history of a city, but at present city water body landscape in many cities has been destroyed, hence protecting water body in the city is becoming more and more important. In order to protect city water body landscape reasonably, the precondition is to probe the dynamics of water body landscape. Based on historical data and remote sensing data, six indexes including patch number, patch area, landscape dominance index, fractal dimension, patch density and connectivity index etc. were used to analyze landscape pattern dynamics of water body in Kaifeng city since the end of the Qing Dynasty (in the 20th century). The results showed: (1) Since the end of the Qing Dynasty, landscape area of water body in Kaifeng city increased first and then decreased from 1898 to 2002AD; the landscape dominant degree had the same changing tendency with the area. (2) Patch number of water body landscape in Kaifeng city had an increase from 1898 to 2002, but maximum area of patch, minimum area of patch and average area of patch decreased, which resulted in an increase in landscape fragment degree. (3) Connectivity index decreased and fractal dimension increased from 1898 to 2002. The reasons for these changes were the repeated overflows and flooding of the Yellow River and the influence of human activities.

Dynamics of Wetland Landscape Pattern in Kaifeng City from 1987 to 2002

It is very significant for urban development and urban wetland protection and utilization to probe into the process and reasons of urban wetland landscape dynamics. Taking the information of remote sensing and detailed land survey data as the basic information sources, with the help of RS and GIS, according to the principles and methods of landscape ecology, this paper analyzed wetland landscape pattern dynamics and its reasons in Kaifeng City, Henan Province of China, from 1987 to 2002. The results show that the total wetland area in Kaifeng City firstly reduced by 20.1% from 1987 to 1990 and then increased from 1990 to 2002, with an average annual growth rate of 3.3%. At the same time, landscape fragment degree and landscape dominance degree increased, respectively from 0.64 to 0.72 and from 0.3754 to 0.5563, but mean patch area, maximum patch area, patch fractal dimension reduced. As far as single landscape element concerned, fi＇om 1987 to 2002, patch area, patch number, patch density, patch shape and patch location changed in varying degrees in all wetland types in Kaifeng City, among which rice field changed most and others relatively less. In the recent 20 years, rice fields, lake wetlands, puddles and ponds had a higher stability, but river and bottomland wetlands were mostly transformed to land use types. The change of wetland landscape pattern was the result of the combined action of the Huanghe （Yellow） River, urban expansion, wide cultivation of rice, and rapid development of fishery. Among them human activities were the main driving factors for wetland landscape changes.

Spatial Patterns and Driving Factors of Urban Residential Embedded Carbon Emissions: An Empirical Study in Kaifeng, China

With the continuous improvement in living standards and great changes in lifestyles, more attention is being paid to the embedded carbon emissions produced by human consumption. With large sample data and high-resolution remote sensing images, we explored the spatial differentiation and influencing factors of household embedded carbon emissions within the city fine scale using the EIO-LCA model, spatial autocorrelation analysis and standard deviation ellipse, quantile regression, etc. The results indicate that the spatial dependence is more obvious than the characteristics of spatial heterogeneity;the high-value area of household embedded carbon emissions gathers in new development zones in cities that are expanding rapidly, mainly with residents in large number of newly-built commercial housing families and the relative’s courtyard of institutions. The factors of family characteristics, housing characteristics, lifestyles, and consumption concept have significant effects on the embedded carbon emissions of each person. The influencing intensity of most factors showed an increasing trend with increased carbon emissions. The study verified the impact of urban sprawl on residential carbon emissions and the applicability of the situated lifestyles theory in the construction of urban low-carbon communities in China.

The distribution and ecological risks of antibiotics in surface water in key cities along the lower reaches of the Yellow River:A case study of Kaifeng City,China

A large number of antibiotics have been discharged into rivers by human activities,posing a threat to aquatic ecosystems.The surface water of the Yellow River Basin also suffers antibiotic pollution,which hinders the improvement in the aquatic ecological environment.This study investigated and analyzed the characteristics and assessed the ecological risks of antibiotic pollution in surface water bodies such as canals,rivers and fish ponds in Kaifeng,Henan Province,which is a key city along the lower reaches of the Yellow River.The test results are as follows.A total of 15 types of antibiotics were detected in the surface water.They had a total antibiotic concentration of 12.2-249.9μg/L,of which tetracyclines(TCs)and quinolones accounted for the highest percentages.Six types of quinolones had detection rates of up to 100%,and doxycycline(DC)and oxytetracycline(OTC)had average concentrations of 29.52μg/L1 and 13.71μg/L,respectively.The major canals with water diverted from the Yellow River had total concentrations of quinolones and TCs of 22.0μg/L and 14.9μg/L,respectively,which were higher than those in previous studies.This phenomenon may be related to the decrease in the water flow of the Yellow River during the dry season and the increase in the antibiotic consumption of residents in the context of the Covid-19 outbreak.The upper reaches of the Huiji River in the Xiangfu District had higher antibiotic content than other districts in Kaifeng.Specifically,TCs accounted for 72.38%-91.84%of all antibiotics,and the DC and OTC concentrations were significantly higher than other antibiotics in the upper reaches.As indicated by the ecological risk assessment results,TCs had the highest ecological risks to green algae.Among them,DC had medium-high risks;TC,OTC,and chlortetracycline(CTC)had medium-high risks;trimethoprim(TMP)and lomefloxacin(LOM)had low risks;other TC antibiotics had no risk.Compared with green algae,most antibiotics showed higher ecological risks to daphnia and lower ecological risks to fish.DC and OTC dominate antibiotic pollutants in the surface water in Kaifeng City,and especially in Xiangfu District,where DC and OTC have medium-high risks.The TCs in the major Yellow River showed medium risks to both green algae and daphnia.It can be speculated that the antibiotic pollution in the Yellow River might pose a certain threat to the ecological security of water in Kaifeng City.

Characteristics of groundwater and urban emergency water sources optimazation in Luoyang,China

The construction of emergency water sources is the material basis for ensuring urban water safety,and it is also an inherent requirement for maintaining social stability and development.The hydrogeological characteristics of groundwater in Luoyang City from the aspects of the division of groundwater aquifer groups,water yield property and groundwater dynamics were described in this paper.Two emergency water sources were selected on basis of comprehensively considering groundwater resources and ecological environmental effects,groundwater quality and exploitation technology,etc.Then it further analysed the aquifer types,water yield properties and groundwater recharge,runoff and discharge conditions of the two emergency water sources,and evaluate the groundwater resources quantity of the water sources.The results are that the shallow underground aquifer in Luoyang City is thick,coarse,and stable in lithology and thickness.The two water sources enjoy good exploitation potential and can be used as backup water sources to supply water in the event of a water source crisis.

Evaluation of and Control Schemes for Current Eutrophication of Land-scape Lakes in Kaifeng City,Henan Province

[Objective] Current eutrophication of landscape lakes in Kaifeng City was evaluated to provide scientific support for the prevention and control of landscape water eutrophication.[Method] The comprehensive trophic level index (TLI) and the modified Carlson's trophic state index (TSIM) were applied. [Result] TLI of water in Longting Lake and Baogong Lake was obtained as 73.84 and 70.23,TSIM was 66.51 and 65.23,respectively.[Conclusion] Water in both lakes was suffering from serious eutrophication,and urgent measures should be taken to control the eutrophication.

Temporal Dynamics of Standardized Precipitation Evapotranspiration Index and Its Influence to Summer Maize Yield from Kaifeng Region in He’nan Province

Many quantitative studies get more and more attention on drought occurrence and monitoring trends of drought change using different methods;however few studies involve correlation between drought and crop yield especially drought index. This study analyzed the climate change about annual mean SPEI-3, SPEI-6 and SPEI-12, of Kaifeng region in the period of 1961-2013. The SPEI-3 and SPEI-6 seasonal short timescales showed a decreasing tendency, especially rapidly a decline since 2004, and high-frequency alternate dry/wet periods occurred during 1961-2013. However, the annual timescale SPEI-12 showed almost no evidently rise/decline tendency but severity events of dry/wet episode aggravated in terms of duration and magnitude and remarkable low-frequency change. Correlation analysis results between maize yield from Kaifeng region and multi-month scale annual SPEI showed a high negative significant correlation with -0.689 (ρ ρ < 0.001) in June SPEI-3. Further analysis between maize yield and temperature, precipitation and light during June-September found that precipitation in June and August was the main limiting factor to maize yield and their correlation values were well below the correlation of SPEI-3 of June. Finally, the reconstruction equation found that there was a better change consistency between the maize yield reconstruction and actual production but more error in extremely high and low annual yield. This study provides a reliable analysis of climate change to corn yield and basic data support for services of grain production and food security in the future.

Comprehensive Management and Protection of Lakes in Kaifeng

Through analysing pollution source and status quo of the main lakes in Kaifeng,such as Dragon Pavilion Lake and Baogong Lake,the conclusion is that Kaifeng＇s lake environment has been in a greater pollution condition. For lake pollution situation,we put forward comprehensive management and protection approaches of lakes,including the relocation of businesses around the lake,plugging the sewage outfall surrounding lakes,dredging and deeply digging to increase the water environment capacity of lake. By dredging the river,the lakes in urban district connect together. Controlling aquaculture scale of lakes,the ecological function of the lake is played. Constructing drainage network around the lake,integration of landscape and lake flood control is formed. Adding new water into lakes,stagnant water becomes flowing water. We sum up the experience of lake management and protection： strengthening protection awareness is the key; lake remediation is the fundamental; attention to ecological protection of the lake is the most important factor in the development of lakes; exploiting a variety of functions of the lakes including landscaping,tourism,recreation,aquaculture,public health is the goal.

Evaluation and Obstacle Diagnosis of Low-carbon Intensive Land Use in Kaifeng City

Low carbon intensive use of urban land is an important trend to achieve regional high quality development.In this study,with Kaifeng municipal district as an example,the catastrophe progression model was used to estimate and analyze the low-carbon intensive use level of urban land in Kaifeng City from 2011 to 2020,and the obstacle factors in the process of low-carbon intensive land use in Kaifeng City were revealed by using the obstacle degree model.The results showed that during the study period,the low-carbon intensive use of land in Kaifeng City showed a slow,fluctuating and declining trend,and the overall situation was in a generally intensive state.The land input level and land output level were on the rise,while the low-carbon level of land and the degree of land use were on the decline.Currently,the main obstacle factors restricting the low-carbon intensive use of land in Kaifeng City were the carbon structure coefficient of land use,energy consumption per square kilometer,carbon emissions per square kilometer,carbon emissions per capita,and non-agricultural land use efficiency.In the future,it is necessary to further improve the land use structure and promote the high-quality development of Kaifeng City.

A Corpus-Based Comparative Multidimensional Analysis of the Two English Translations of Luoyang Jialan Ji

By using the MD approach, this study aims at making a comparison between the lexical features in W. J. F. Jenner’s and Wang Yitong’s translations of Luoyang Jialan Ji (547 AD) from a multidimensional perspective. Statistics show that both the two translations belong to the General Narrative Exposition Register. However, there are significant discrepancies between the two versions in Dimension 1 “Involved versus Informational Production”, Dimension 4 “Overt Expression of Persuasion” and Dimension 5 “Abstract versus Non-Abstract Information”. The differences in Dimension 2 “Narrative versus Non-Narrative Concerns” and Dimension 3 “Explicit versus Situation-Dependent Reference” are not that significant. It is found that in Dimension 1, the information density of Wang’s version is much higher than that of Jenner’s. In Dimension 4, Wang’s version contains more overt persuasive effort than Jenner’s. In Dimension 5, the positive and negative contrast between the two versions indicates that Wang’s version provides information in a more abstract way, whereas Jenner’s in a relatively non-abstract way. Combined with typical examples in the two translation versions, this study is hoped to help better understand the translations of Luoyang Jialan Ji and conduct future studies on the translation styles of the two translators.

洛河洛阳段沉积物重金属空间分布及潜在生态风险

为明晰洛河洛阳段沉积物重金属分布、风险及来源,以洛河洛阳段为研究对象,采集入城区段、主城区段和出城区段13个点位的表层沉积物,分析重金属(Pb、Cd、Cr、Mo、Cu和Zn)的空间分特征,并利用地累积指数(I geo)法、潜在生态风险指数(RI)法和主成分分析等方法评价重金属污染程度、潜在生态风险及来源解析,结果显示:洛河洛阳段沉积物重金属平均质量分数Pb(42.90 mg·kg^(-1))、Cd(2.41 mg·kg^(-1))、Cr(76.86 mg·kg^(-1))、Mo(9.31 mg·kg^(-1))、Cu(35.15 mg·kg^(-1))及Zn(145.60 mg·kg^(-1))分别为黄河流域河南段重金属元素土壤背景值的1.7、14.2、1.1、13.7、1.5和2.2倍.Pb、Cr和Cu质量分数均表现为入城区段显著高于出城区段,Cd、Mo和Zn表现为主城区段显著高于出城区段,这6种重金属质量分数在入城区段与主城区段间无显著差异.入城区段和主城区段多数点位的Cd为偏重污染程度及以上,Mo为中度污染或偏重污染程度,其余为轻度或低污染程度.源解析显示,Pb、Cd、Mo、Cu和Zn主要为人为源,Cr以自然源为主.潜在生态风险指数法结果显示,入城区点位达到强生态危害水平(Ⅲ级)及以上,主城区段所有点位均达到很强生态危害水平(Ⅳ级),出城区段所有点位均达到强生态危害水平(Ⅲ级),其中,Cd对RI的贡献最大,占比64.10%,其次是Mo(32.67%).洛阳市应重点关注由钼产业可能引起的环境风险,并进一步降低Cd污染水平,方能降低洛河沉积物重金属的污染及潜在生态风险.

基于Landsat-TM和测量地物光谱耦合分析——以开封地区为例

地物光谱数据是遥感技术之基础资料,是建立地面数据和遥感数据关系的桥梁;在对遥感机理和地物光谱理论深入理解的基础上,用回归分析思想探讨遥感影像光谱与实测相应地物光谱的耦合程度,两者的相关系数ρ=0.8689,相关性较好,因此可以将经过大气校正后的影像光谱值代替实测地物的光谱值进行相关的分析。

存量建设用地盘活利用潜力评价及对策研究——以开封市为例

存量建设用地盘活利用是助力城市高质量发展、推动土地资源要素优化配置、加快形成新质生产力的重要举措。文章基于河南省开封市存量建设用地核查成果,分析开封市存量建设用地目前存在的主要问题,结合该市区域经济和地理位置特征,进行存量建设用地盘活利用影响因素分析,利用熵值法和归一化加权累加法进行存量建设用地盘活利用潜力评价,构建了相对全面、普遍适用的市域存量建设用地盘活潜力评价模型。结果显示:该市9个县区盘活利用潜力值在59.96到81.65之间,其中通许县、尉氏县、祥符区存量建设用地可盘活利用潜力最大,在9个县区中处于一级潜力区;兰考县、龙亭区盘活利用潜力中等,处于二级潜力区;顺河回族区、鼓楼区、禹王台区、杞县存量建设用地盘活利用潜力较低,处于三级潜力区。基于评价结果和实地调研情况,对不同级别潜力区进行差异性盘活利用对策研究分析,为相关规划编制、开发区布局优化调整、用地挖潜计划制定、相关政策制度完善等提供数据支撑。

开封东大寺空间形制及特征研究

开封东大寺有河南首坊之称,是开封创建年代较早、规模最大的清真寺,2006年被列为第六批全国重点文物保护单位。该文在文献查找、实地调研和测绘研究的基础上,通过梳理东大寺的历史沿革,分析其空间格局、建筑形制和装饰艺术等,归纳其空间组织的特征,探析得知东大寺体现了伊斯兰教与中国文化的有机融合,是中原地区清真寺本土化的鲜活实例。

《洛阳流散唐代墓志汇编三集》校补三题

《洛阳流散唐代墓志汇编三集》著录2000年以来洛阳及其周边地区出土的流散唐志357方,多数为未曾刊布的新见唐代文献,其语料、史料、字料和书法价值等非常突出,是研究唐代语言文字和历史文化的可靠同时材料。该书图版大多较清晰,释文及句读整体水平较高。与拓片相对照,其录文及句读等仍存不少疏漏,不利于材料的科学有效利用。遂选取其中11则典型案例,按残泐字、形近字、涉典字等进行分类考辨,补正原书录文缺误,尽可能恢复文献原貌,以便更好发挥这批新材料的学术价值和研究价值。

近代以来洛阳市老城街道更名的空间政治与传统文化元素演变研究——基于批判地名学视角

地名变迁表征着不同社会群体的利益博弈和空间政治,也是地方历史文化和社会意识的凝结过程。基于此,文章以近代以来洛阳市老城街道地名演变为例,从批判地名学视角探讨地名变迁的空间政治与地方文化互动过程,揭示地名变迁过程中空间政治与社会文化演进的深层次机理。研究发现:近代以来洛阳市老城街道呈现出更名的街道空间逐步扩大、政权更迭时期更名较为频繁、政权稳定性与更名类型紧密相关、经济活动与意愿祈福类更名沿用更久等变化规律;政权更替及统治阶级新的执政理念是地名变更的关键因素,但地名变迁最终仍取决于统治阶级与普通大众在更名过程中形成政治契合和文化共识。受政权更迭与政治斗争、市场经济与商业资本驱使的作用,地名景观在变迁过程中呈现出传统文化元素遗失的“文化瘦身”趋势。

优化开封市营商环境对策

文章通过分析开封市营商环境建设的现状,发现开封市的人才引进政策吸引力不足且落实过程较复杂,地区的市场观念相对保守且法律制度有待进一步完善,文旅产业的需求和供给不平衡,因此建议开封市加大青年人才引进力度,通过创新补贴、完善法治体系等方式鼓励实体企业资金投入,并重视文旅产业及上下游产业链的延伸,以期为开封市持续优化营商环境提供参考。

最为绵长的乡愁——东晋南朝时期的洛阳情结

自东晋建立至陈朝灭亡,历五朝,近三百年,偏安于南方的各个王朝,均有着非常强烈的洛阳情结,形成了中国历史上最为广泛而绵长的乡愁。这种乡愁上自帝王,下至士庶,既有亡国之痛,亦有收复壮志,还有对故都美好生活的追忆、模仿与想象中的再现,表现于政治、文化、习俗等各个方面,强化了洛阳在中华民族情感深处的神圣地位,并深刻影响到中华民族的国家意识与民族情怀。

新时代老工业城市生产力布局优化路径研究——以洛阳市为例

生产力布局是构建老工业城市高质量经济布局和空间布局的重要手段,也是实现老工业城市“新质生产力”的重要路径。文章在分析新时代生产力布局趋势的基础上,探索老工业城市优化生产力布局思路。以洛阳市为例,分析洛阳生产力布局历程与问题,并从产业体系、空间格局、空间组织模式、基础设施、要素配置方式五个方面提出优化路径。即打造“基础型+都市型+大国重器”产业体系,构建“一廊两轴三圈”生产力空间格局,创新“产业新城+产业基地+泛产业园型”生产力空间组织模式,提供“生产设施+科创平台”生产力基础设施,优化生产要素配置方式,为同类型老工业城市优化生产力布局提供参考。