Measuring in-situ stress by using the Kaiser effect in rocks has such advantages as timeefficiency, low cost and little limitation, but the precision of the method is dependent on rock properties and delay time of the...Measuring in-situ stress by using the Kaiser effect in rocks has such advantages as timeefficiency, low cost and little limitation, but the precision of the method is dependent on rock properties and delay time of the measurement. In this paper, experiments on the Kaiser effect in limestones were performed, and it was found that the limestones had good ability to retain a memory of their recent stress history and high time-sensitivity. The longer the experiment was delayed from the extraction of the stone, the larger the Felicity ratio was. As the Felicity ratio approached l, significant Kaiser effect was observed. In-situ stress should be determined by the limestone measurements when the delay time was 40-120 days. Finally, the in-situ stress in a limestone formation could be successfully measured in practice.展开更多
The Kaiser effect is formally described as the absence of detectable acoustic emission （AE） events until the load imposed on the material exceeds the previous applied level and is usually used to estimate geostress....The Kaiser effect is formally described as the absence of detectable acoustic emission （AE） events until the load imposed on the material exceeds the previous applied level and is usually used to estimate geostress. By focusing on the heterogeneity of rock material, the mechanism of the Kaiser effect under cyclic loading is analyzed based on statistic damage mechanics. Two groups of granite specimens have been cyclically loaded with two different loading paths to verify the theoretical results. The heterogeneity of rock is the real reason that causes irrecoverable damage on the Kaiser effect of acoustic emission in cyclic loading. The Kaiser effect reflects the damaged state in rocks rather than the previous stress imposed on it. Applications for using the Kaiser effect to estimate geostress were discussed here. It is shown that the commonly used uniaxial loading method for estimating geostress is not in accor- dance with the theoretical and experimental results. The analysis is of importance to use the Kaiser effect correctly for estimating geostress or in other fields. 2008 University of Science and Technology Beijing. All rights reserved.展开更多
Acoustic emission tests of the core specimens retrieved from boreholes at the depth over 1000 m in Hongtoushan Copper Mine were carried out under uniaxial compressive loading, and the numerical test was also done by u...Acoustic emission tests of the core specimens retrieved from boreholes at the depth over 1000 m in Hongtoushan Copper Mine were carried out under uniaxial compressive loading, and the numerical test was also done by using the rock failure process analysis （RFPA2D） code, based on the procedure for estimating geo-stresses by the Kaiser effect under uniaxial compression. According to the statistical damage mechanics theory, the Kaiser effect mechanism was analyzed. Based on these analyses, it is indicted that the traditional method of estimating geo-stresses by the Kaiser effect is not appropriate, and the result is usually smaller than the real one. Furthermore, the greater confining compression in the rock mass may result in a larger difference between the Kaiser effect stresses acquired from uniaxial loading in laboratory and the real in-situ stresses.展开更多
A new method, which is based on formation fracturing test and Kaiser effect method, has been developed for confirming the oilfield in-situ stress in this paper. The new method has been used in a certain oilfield of Ch...A new method, which is based on formation fracturing test and Kaiser effect method, has been developed for confirming the oilfield in-situ stress in this paper. The new method has been used in a certain oilfield of China and the determined oilfield in-situ stresses is more accurate than that based on one single method.展开更多
The Kaiser effect of electromagnetic emission (EME) during the deformation and fracture of coal and rock is studied experimentally and theoretically. The results show that the electromagnetic emission can be produced ...The Kaiser effect of electromagnetic emission (EME) during the deformation and fracture of coal and rock is studied experimentally and theoretically. The results show that the electromagnetic emission can be produced during these processes and has the Kaiser effect. The Kaiser effect of electromagnetic emission (EME) is produced because of the inconvertibility of energy dissipation and the memorability of structures of coal and rock.展开更多
文摘Measuring in-situ stress by using the Kaiser effect in rocks has such advantages as timeefficiency, low cost and little limitation, but the precision of the method is dependent on rock properties and delay time of the measurement. In this paper, experiments on the Kaiser effect in limestones were performed, and it was found that the limestones had good ability to retain a memory of their recent stress history and high time-sensitivity. The longer the experiment was delayed from the extraction of the stone, the larger the Felicity ratio was. As the Felicity ratio approached l, significant Kaiser effect was observed. In-situ stress should be determined by the limestone measurements when the delay time was 40-120 days. Finally, the in-situ stress in a limestone formation could be successfully measured in practice.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.50474017).
文摘The Kaiser effect is formally described as the absence of detectable acoustic emission （AE） events until the load imposed on the material exceeds the previous applied level and is usually used to estimate geostress. By focusing on the heterogeneity of rock material, the mechanism of the Kaiser effect under cyclic loading is analyzed based on statistic damage mechanics. Two groups of granite specimens have been cyclically loaded with two different loading paths to verify the theoretical results. The heterogeneity of rock is the real reason that causes irrecoverable damage on the Kaiser effect of acoustic emission in cyclic loading. The Kaiser effect reflects the damaged state in rocks rather than the previous stress imposed on it. Applications for using the Kaiser effect to estimate geostress were discussed here. It is shown that the commonly used uniaxial loading method for estimating geostress is not in accor- dance with the theoretical and experimental results. The analysis is of importance to use the Kaiser effect correctly for estimating geostress or in other fields. 2008 University of Science and Technology Beijing. All rights reserved.
基金supported by the National High-Tech Research and Development Program of China (No.2007AA06Z107)the National Basic Research Priorities Program of China (No.2007CB209405)+3 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.50974031)the National Key Technologies R & D Program of China (No.2008BAB34B02)the Program for New Century Excellent Talents in Chinese Universities (No.NCET-07-0163)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (No.90401006)]
文摘Acoustic emission tests of the core specimens retrieved from boreholes at the depth over 1000 m in Hongtoushan Copper Mine were carried out under uniaxial compressive loading, and the numerical test was also done by using the rock failure process analysis （RFPA2D） code, based on the procedure for estimating geo-stresses by the Kaiser effect under uniaxial compression. According to the statistical damage mechanics theory, the Kaiser effect mechanism was analyzed. Based on these analyses, it is indicted that the traditional method of estimating geo-stresses by the Kaiser effect is not appropriate, and the result is usually smaller than the real one. Furthermore, the greater confining compression in the rock mass may result in a larger difference between the Kaiser effect stresses acquired from uniaxial loading in laboratory and the real in-situ stresses.
文摘A new method, which is based on formation fracturing test and Kaiser effect method, has been developed for confirming the oilfield in-situ stress in this paper. The new method has been used in a certain oilfield of China and the determined oilfield in-situ stresses is more accurate than that based on one single method.
基金Supported by the National Science Foundation for Outstanding Youththe National Education Com mittee Foundationfor Over-Centu
文摘The Kaiser effect of electromagnetic emission (EME) during the deformation and fracture of coal and rock is studied experimentally and theoretically. The results show that the electromagnetic emission can be produced during these processes and has the Kaiser effect. The Kaiser effect of electromagnetic emission (EME) is produced because of the inconvertibility of energy dissipation and the memorability of structures of coal and rock.
