AIM： To investigate the effect of a Chinese medicine, Kaiyu Qingwei Jianji （KYQWJJ） used for diabetic treatment, on the morphometry and residual strain distribution of the small intestine in streptozotocin （STZ） ...AIM： To investigate the effect of a Chinese medicine, Kaiyu Qingwei Jianji （KYQWJJ） used for diabetic treatment, on the morphometry and residual strain distribution of the small intestine in streptozotocin （STZ） -induced diabetic rats. Correlation analysis was also performed between the opening angle and residual strain with the blood glucose level. METHODS： Forty-two male Wistar rats weighing 220-240 g were included in this study. Thirty-two STZ- induced diabetic rats were subdivided into four groups （n = 8 in each group）, i.e. diabetic control group （DM）; high dose of KYQWJJ （T1, 36g/kg per day）; low dose of KYQWJJ （T2, 17 g/kg per day） and Gliclazide （T3, 50 mg/kg per day）. Another ten rats were used as nondiabetic control （CON）. The medicines were poured directly into stomach lumen by gastric lavage twice daily. The rats of CON and DM groups were only poured the physiological saline. Blood glucose and plasma insulin levels were measured. Experimental period was 35 d. At the end of experiment, three 5-cm long segments were harvested from the duodenum, jejunum and ileum. Three rings of 1-2 mm in length for no-load and zero-stress state tests were cut from the middle of different segments. The morphometric data, such as the circumferential length, the wall thickness and the opening angle were measured from the digitized images of intestinal segments in the no-load state and zerostress state. The residual strain was computed from the morphometry data. Furthermore, the linear regression analysis was performed between blood glucose level with morphometric and biomechanical data in the different intestinal segments. RESULTS： The blood glucose level of DM group was consistent 4-fold to 5-fold higher than those in CON group during the experiment （16.89 ± 1.11 vs 3.44 ± 0.15 mmol/L, P 〈 0.001）. The blood glucose level in the T1 （16.89 ± 1.11 vs 11.08 ± 2.67 mmol/L, P 〈 0.01） and T3 groups （16.89 ± 1.11 vs 13.54 ± 1.73 mmol/L, P 〈 0.05）, but not in T2 group （P 〉 0.05） was significantly lower than those in DM group. The plasma insulin levels of DM, T1, T2 and T3 groups were significantly lower than those in CON group （10.98 ± 1.02, 12.52 ± 1.42,13.54 ± 1.56,10.96 ± 0.96 vs 17.84 ± 2.34 pmol/L respectively, P 〈 0.05）, but no significantly difference among the groups with exception of CON group. The wet weight/cm and total wall thickness of duodenum, jejunum and ileum in DM group were significantly higher than those in CON group （wet weight （g/cm）： duodenum 0.209 ± 0.012 vs 0.166 ± 0.010, jejunum 0.149 ± 0.008 vs 0.121 ± 0.004, ileum 0.134 ± 0.013 vs 0.112 ± 0.007; Wall thickness （mm）： duodenum 0.849 ± 0.027 vs 0.710 ± 0.026, jejunum 0.7259 ± 0.034 vs 0.627 ± 0.025, ileum 0.532 ± 0.023 vs 0.470 ± 0.010, all P 〈 0.05）, T1 and T3 treatment could partly restore change of wall thickness, but T2 could not. The opening angle and absolute value of inner and outer residual stain were significantly smaller in duodenal segment （188 ± 11 degrees, -0.31 ± 0.02 and 0.35 ± 0.03 vs 259 ± 15 degrees, -0.40 ± 0.02 and 0.43 ± 0.05） and larger in jejunal （215 ± 20 degrees, -0.30 ± 0.03 and 0.36 ± 0.06 vs 172 ± 19 degrees, -0.25 ± 0.02 and 0.27 ± 0.02） and ileal segments （183 ± 20 degrees, -0.28 ± 0.01 and 0.34 ± 0.05 vs 153 ± 14 degrees, -0.23 ± 0.03 and 0.29 ± 0.04） in DM group than in CON group （P 〈 0.01）. TI and T3 treatment could partly restore this biomechanical alteration, but strong effect was found in T1 treatment （duodenum 243 ± 14 degrees, -0.36 ± 0.02 and 0.42 ± 0.06, jejunum 180 ± 15 degrees, -0.26 ± 0.03 and 0.30 ± 0.06 and ileum 163 ± 17 degrees, -0.23 ± 0.03 and 0.30 ± 0.05, compared with DM, P 〈 0.05）. The linear association was found between the glucose level with most morphometric and biomechanical data. CONCLUSION： KYQWJJ （high dose） treatment could partly restore the changes of blood glucose level and the remodeling of morphometry and residual strain of small intestine in diabetic rats. The linear regression analysis demonstrated that the effect of KYQWJJ on intestinal opening angle and residual strain is partially through its effect on the blood glucose level.展开更多
Objective: To investigate the effect of Kaiyu Qingwei granule (KYQWG, on the insulin binding capacity of liver and skeletal muscular cell membrane and serum insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) in streptozotocin-induc...Objective: To investigate the effect of Kaiyu Qingwei granule (KYQWG, on the insulin binding capacity of liver and skeletal muscular cell membrane and serum insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Methods: Rats in four experimental groups were investigated: the control group, the model group, the KYQWG group and the Metformin group. The insulin binding rate (IBR) of liver and skeletal muscular cell membrane was detected by receptor-ligand ra-diometric method and changes of serum levels of glucose, insulin and IGF-1 were observed before and after 4 weeks of medication. Results: The KYQWG group had a lower blood glucose level and ffiR of liver and muscular cell membrane, as compared with those in the model group (P<0. 01 or P<0.05), and a higher level of IGF-1 than that in the model group(P<0.01), but had no obvious changes in the serum level of insulin. Conclusion: KYQWG may increase the serum level of IGF-1 in diabetic rats, thus to decrease the insulin resistance at ante-receptor sites and improve the sugar metabolic disturbance in rats with diabetes mellitus.展开更多
Background:The objective of this research was to examine the impact of the Chinese herbal formula Qushi Kaiyu(QSKY)on rats with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD)and its inhibitory effect on the TLR4/NF-ĸB pathw...Background:The objective of this research was to examine the impact of the Chinese herbal formula Qushi Kaiyu(QSKY)on rats with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD)and its inhibitory effect on the TLR4/NF-ĸB pathway.Methods:NAFLD model rats was constructed through high-fat diet.Meanwhile,rats were treated with QSKY(6.4 g/kg)by gavage.The therapeutic effect of QSKY on NAFLD was assessed by testing body weight change,the liver index,lipid concentrations in blood,and antioxidant and inflammatory levels;assessing liver function;and performing pathological staining including hematoxylin-eosin and Oil Red O.The protein levels of key factors in the TLR4/NF-ĸB pathway(TLR4,MyD88,p65 and IKB)in rat liver tissue were determined using western blotting in order to explore the mechanism responsible for the therapeutic effects of QSKY in rats with NAFLD.Results:QSKY significantly reduced the liver index and body weight value;reduced triglyceride,cholesterol,alanine aminotransferase,and aspartate aminotransferase levels in NAFLD rats;improved the pathological changes,such as ballooning degeneration,fat accumulation,necrosis,and inflammation;elevated GSH-Px and superoxide dismutase activities and lowered malondialdehyde levels,indicating that QSKY enhanced the antioxidant capacity;and reduced inflammatory cytokine(IL-6,IL-1β,and TNF-α)levels.Western blotting results showed that QSKY significantly reduced TLR4,MyD88,and decreased the phosphorylation of IKB and p65 protein levels in the livers of rats with NAFLD.Conclusions:QSKY showed therapeutic effects on NAFLD and can alleviate oxidative stress and inflammation.This mechanism may be related to an improvement in TLR4/NF-ĸB pathway.展开更多
文摘AIM： To investigate the effect of a Chinese medicine, Kaiyu Qingwei Jianji （KYQWJJ） used for diabetic treatment, on the morphometry and residual strain distribution of the small intestine in streptozotocin （STZ） -induced diabetic rats. Correlation analysis was also performed between the opening angle and residual strain with the blood glucose level. METHODS： Forty-two male Wistar rats weighing 220-240 g were included in this study. Thirty-two STZ- induced diabetic rats were subdivided into four groups （n = 8 in each group）, i.e. diabetic control group （DM）; high dose of KYQWJJ （T1, 36g/kg per day）; low dose of KYQWJJ （T2, 17 g/kg per day） and Gliclazide （T3, 50 mg/kg per day）. Another ten rats were used as nondiabetic control （CON）. The medicines were poured directly into stomach lumen by gastric lavage twice daily. The rats of CON and DM groups were only poured the physiological saline. Blood glucose and plasma insulin levels were measured. Experimental period was 35 d. At the end of experiment, three 5-cm long segments were harvested from the duodenum, jejunum and ileum. Three rings of 1-2 mm in length for no-load and zero-stress state tests were cut from the middle of different segments. The morphometric data, such as the circumferential length, the wall thickness and the opening angle were measured from the digitized images of intestinal segments in the no-load state and zerostress state. The residual strain was computed from the morphometry data. Furthermore, the linear regression analysis was performed between blood glucose level with morphometric and biomechanical data in the different intestinal segments. RESULTS： The blood glucose level of DM group was consistent 4-fold to 5-fold higher than those in CON group during the experiment （16.89 ± 1.11 vs 3.44 ± 0.15 mmol/L, P 〈 0.001）. The blood glucose level in the T1 （16.89 ± 1.11 vs 11.08 ± 2.67 mmol/L, P 〈 0.01） and T3 groups （16.89 ± 1.11 vs 13.54 ± 1.73 mmol/L, P 〈 0.05）, but not in T2 group （P 〉 0.05） was significantly lower than those in DM group. The plasma insulin levels of DM, T1, T2 and T3 groups were significantly lower than those in CON group （10.98 ± 1.02, 12.52 ± 1.42,13.54 ± 1.56,10.96 ± 0.96 vs 17.84 ± 2.34 pmol/L respectively, P 〈 0.05）, but no significantly difference among the groups with exception of CON group. The wet weight/cm and total wall thickness of duodenum, jejunum and ileum in DM group were significantly higher than those in CON group （wet weight （g/cm）： duodenum 0.209 ± 0.012 vs 0.166 ± 0.010, jejunum 0.149 ± 0.008 vs 0.121 ± 0.004, ileum 0.134 ± 0.013 vs 0.112 ± 0.007; Wall thickness （mm）： duodenum 0.849 ± 0.027 vs 0.710 ± 0.026, jejunum 0.7259 ± 0.034 vs 0.627 ± 0.025, ileum 0.532 ± 0.023 vs 0.470 ± 0.010, all P 〈 0.05）, T1 and T3 treatment could partly restore change of wall thickness, but T2 could not. The opening angle and absolute value of inner and outer residual stain were significantly smaller in duodenal segment （188 ± 11 degrees, -0.31 ± 0.02 and 0.35 ± 0.03 vs 259 ± 15 degrees, -0.40 ± 0.02 and 0.43 ± 0.05） and larger in jejunal （215 ± 20 degrees, -0.30 ± 0.03 and 0.36 ± 0.06 vs 172 ± 19 degrees, -0.25 ± 0.02 and 0.27 ± 0.02） and ileal segments （183 ± 20 degrees, -0.28 ± 0.01 and 0.34 ± 0.05 vs 153 ± 14 degrees, -0.23 ± 0.03 and 0.29 ± 0.04） in DM group than in CON group （P 〈 0.01）. TI and T3 treatment could partly restore this biomechanical alteration, but strong effect was found in T1 treatment （duodenum 243 ± 14 degrees, -0.36 ± 0.02 and 0.42 ± 0.06, jejunum 180 ± 15 degrees, -0.26 ± 0.03 and 0.30 ± 0.06 and ileum 163 ± 17 degrees, -0.23 ± 0.03 and 0.30 ± 0.05, compared with DM, P 〈 0.05）. The linear association was found between the glucose level with most morphometric and biomechanical data. CONCLUSION： KYQWJJ （high dose） treatment could partly restore the changes of blood glucose level and the remodeling of morphometry and residual strain of small intestine in diabetic rats. The linear regression analysis demonstrated that the effect of KYQWJJ on intestinal opening angle and residual strain is partially through its effect on the blood glucose level.
文摘Objective: To investigate the effect of Kaiyu Qingwei granule (KYQWG, on the insulin binding capacity of liver and skeletal muscular cell membrane and serum insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Methods: Rats in four experimental groups were investigated: the control group, the model group, the KYQWG group and the Metformin group. The insulin binding rate (IBR) of liver and skeletal muscular cell membrane was detected by receptor-ligand ra-diometric method and changes of serum levels of glucose, insulin and IGF-1 were observed before and after 4 weeks of medication. Results: The KYQWG group had a lower blood glucose level and ffiR of liver and muscular cell membrane, as compared with those in the model group (P<0. 01 or P<0.05), and a higher level of IGF-1 than that in the model group(P<0.01), but had no obvious changes in the serum level of insulin. Conclusion: KYQWG may increase the serum level of IGF-1 in diabetic rats, thus to decrease the insulin resistance at ante-receptor sites and improve the sugar metabolic disturbance in rats with diabetes mellitus.
基金Study on the mechanism of Qushi Kaiyu Decoction in regulating intestinal flora to alleviate chronic inflammation in the treatment of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease(2022AD10005).
文摘Background:The objective of this research was to examine the impact of the Chinese herbal formula Qushi Kaiyu(QSKY)on rats with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD)and its inhibitory effect on the TLR4/NF-ĸB pathway.Methods:NAFLD model rats was constructed through high-fat diet.Meanwhile,rats were treated with QSKY(6.4 g/kg)by gavage.The therapeutic effect of QSKY on NAFLD was assessed by testing body weight change,the liver index,lipid concentrations in blood,and antioxidant and inflammatory levels;assessing liver function;and performing pathological staining including hematoxylin-eosin and Oil Red O.The protein levels of key factors in the TLR4/NF-ĸB pathway(TLR4,MyD88,p65 and IKB)in rat liver tissue were determined using western blotting in order to explore the mechanism responsible for the therapeutic effects of QSKY in rats with NAFLD.Results:QSKY significantly reduced the liver index and body weight value;reduced triglyceride,cholesterol,alanine aminotransferase,and aspartate aminotransferase levels in NAFLD rats;improved the pathological changes,such as ballooning degeneration,fat accumulation,necrosis,and inflammation;elevated GSH-Px and superoxide dismutase activities and lowered malondialdehyde levels,indicating that QSKY enhanced the antioxidant capacity;and reduced inflammatory cytokine(IL-6,IL-1β,and TNF-α)levels.Western blotting results showed that QSKY significantly reduced TLR4,MyD88,and decreased the phosphorylation of IKB and p65 protein levels in the livers of rats with NAFLD.Conclusions:QSKY showed therapeutic effects on NAFLD and can alleviate oxidative stress and inflammation.This mechanism may be related to an improvement in TLR4/NF-ĸB pathway.
