Ancient DNA was extracted from 13 skeletal remains from the burial groups of Khitan nobles, which were excavated in northeast China. The hypervariable segment Ⅰ sequences （ HVS Ⅰ ） of the mitochondrial DNA control...Ancient DNA was extracted from 13 skeletal remains from the burial groups of Khitan nobles, which were excavated in northeast China. The hypervariable segment Ⅰ sequences （ HVS Ⅰ ） of the mitochondrial DNA control region, in the 13 individuals, were used as genetic markers to determine the genetic relationships between the individuals and the genetic affinity to other interrelated populations by using the known database of mtDNA. Based on the phylogenetic analysis of these ancient DNA sequences, the genetic structures of two Khitan noble kindreds were obtained, including the Yel Yuzhi＇s kindred and the Xiao He＇s kindred. Furthermore, the relationships between the Khitan nobles and some modern interrelated populations were analyzed. On the basis of the result of the analysis, the gene flows of the ancient Khitans and their demographic expansion in history was deduced.展开更多
Cauterization(Perian:Dāgh/Arabic:Al-Kayy or Al-Wasm)is one of the oldest methods of treatment in most ancient cultures and medical schools;the history of these methods,with archaeological studies,is estimated to be m...Cauterization(Perian:Dāgh/Arabic:Al-Kayy or Al-Wasm)is one of the oldest methods of treatment in most ancient cultures and medical schools;the history of these methods,with archaeological studies,is estimated to be more than a few thousand years,and this issue can determine the reason for the spread of cauterizing methods in the traditional medicine of ancient civilizations,including Iran and China.The present research,as a descriptive/historical research,tries to examine the text of the manuscript of Tanksuq-nāmeh;and identify the theoretical foundations and practical methods of cauterization in Chinese and Khitans medicine,based on one of the key texts of the Ilkhanid period.(Text translated from Chinese to Persian in the 14th century AD)The results of the present study show that cauterization has a long history among the Chinese and Khitans peoples and has been performed in different ways and for different diseases.展开更多
文摘Ancient DNA was extracted from 13 skeletal remains from the burial groups of Khitan nobles, which were excavated in northeast China. The hypervariable segment Ⅰ sequences （ HVS Ⅰ ） of the mitochondrial DNA control region, in the 13 individuals, were used as genetic markers to determine the genetic relationships between the individuals and the genetic affinity to other interrelated populations by using the known database of mtDNA. Based on the phylogenetic analysis of these ancient DNA sequences, the genetic structures of two Khitan noble kindreds were obtained, including the Yel Yuzhi＇s kindred and the Xiao He＇s kindred. Furthermore, the relationships between the Khitan nobles and some modern interrelated populations were analyzed. On the basis of the result of the analysis, the gene flows of the ancient Khitans and their demographic expansion in history was deduced.
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文摘Cauterization(Perian:Dāgh/Arabic:Al-Kayy or Al-Wasm)is one of the oldest methods of treatment in most ancient cultures and medical schools;the history of these methods,with archaeological studies,is estimated to be more than a few thousand years,and this issue can determine the reason for the spread of cauterizing methods in the traditional medicine of ancient civilizations,including Iran and China.The present research,as a descriptive/historical research,tries to examine the text of the manuscript of Tanksuq-nāmeh;and identify the theoretical foundations and practical methods of cauterization in Chinese and Khitans medicine,based on one of the key texts of the Ilkhanid period.(Text translated from Chinese to Persian in the 14th century AD)The results of the present study show that cauterization has a long history among the Chinese and Khitans peoples and has been performed in different ways and for different diseases.
