We report a case of a 77-year-old female with a local recurrence of cancer after right hemicolectomy which infiltrated the pancreatic head affording pancreatoduodenectomy, who developed 3 years later recurrent tumor m...We report a case of a 77-year-old female with a local recurrence of cancer after right hemicolectomy which infiltrated the pancreatic head affording pancreatoduodenectomy, who developed 3 years later recurrent tumor masses localized in the mesentery of the jejunum and in the lower pole of the left kidney. Partial nephrectomy and a segment resection of the small bowel were performed. Histological examination of both specimens revealed a necrotic metastasis of the primary carcinoma of the colon. Although intraluminal implantation of colon cancer cells in the renal pelvic mucosa from ureteric metastasis has been described, metastasis of a colorectal cancer in the kidney parenchyma is extremely rare and can be treated in an organ preserving manner. A complex pattern of colon cancer recurrence with unusual and rare sites of metastasis is reported.展开更多
Introduction Solitary fibrous tumor （SFT） of the kidney is a rare spindle cell neoplasm and all reported SFTs of the kidney were diagnosed through pathological examination and immunohistochemical study after open ne...Introduction Solitary fibrous tumor （SFT） of the kidney is a rare spindle cell neoplasm and all reported SFTs of the kidney were diagnosed through pathological examination and immunohistochemical study after open nephrectomy or open radical nephrectomy. We present a case of SFT of the kidney diagnosed through fine needle core biopsy preoperatively in a 50-year-old female and managed with laparoscopic partial nephrectomy. Due to the difficulty in discriminating between malignant and benign growth pattern of this tumor entity, a regular follow-up after conservative treatment is mandatory.展开更多
KIDNEY involvement is common in non-Hodgkin＇s lymphoma （NHL） with incidence up to 30%-40% in autopsy studies. However, it us- ually occurs late in the course of the diseaseand is clinically silent. Clinically overt...KIDNEY involvement is common in non-Hodgkin＇s lymphoma （NHL） with incidence up to 30%-40% in autopsy studies. However, it us- ually occurs late in the course of the diseaseand is clinically silent. Clinically overt renal disease including acute kidney injury （AKI） as its primary manifestation is rarely reported, moreover, Fanconi syndrome （FS） is extremely rare as the main manifestation in NHL. In this report, we presented a case of NHL primarily presenting with FS and AKI due to diffuse interstitial infiltration of NHL cells and emphasized the important role of renal biopsy, especially renal immunohistochemical analysis in the diagnosis of renal diffuse lymphoma.展开更多
BACKGROUND Waldenstr?m’s macroglobulinemia(WM) is a rare lymphoid neoplasia, which can have renal complications. These rarely occur, and most common renal manifestations are mild proteinuria and microscopic hematuria...BACKGROUND Waldenstr?m’s macroglobulinemia(WM) is a rare lymphoid neoplasia, which can have renal complications. These rarely occur, and most common renal manifestations are mild proteinuria and microscopic hematuria. Herein we describe a case of WM that presented with pseudothrombi depositing in capillaries associated with minimal change nephrotic syndrome and chronic kidney disease(CKD).CASE SUMMARY A 52-year-old man presented with features suggesting nephrotic syndrome.Extensive workups were done, and there were elevated serum levels of interleukin-6 and vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF), capillary pseudothrombus accumulation associated with minimal change nephrotic syndrome, CKD, and WM. Treatment was directed at the patient’s WM with bortezomib, thalidomide, and dexamethasone whereby serum immunoglobulin M(IgM) decreased. The damage of IgM on the kidney was corrected; thus, the patient’s proteinuria and serum creatinine had improved. The patient is still under clinical follow-up.CONCLUSION It is essential for clinicians to promptly pay more attention to patients presenting with features of nephrotic syndrome and do extensive workups to come up with a proper therapy strategy.展开更多
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is profoundly associated with extraintestinal manifestations (EIM) that can involve almost every organ in our body. Although the exact etiology of IBD is still poorly understood, it is...Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is profoundly associated with extraintestinal manifestations (EIM) that can involve almost every organ in our body. Although the exact etiology of IBD is still poorly understood, it is generally characterized by an overly aggressive inflammatory response in the intestinal mucosa. Renal damage is one of the manifestations encountered in Crohn’s disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC) and it accounts for 4% - 23% of IBD patients. The common renal complications of IBD include: glomerulonephritis, tubulointerstitial nephritis, nephrolithiasis, amyloidosis and iatrogenic complications of IBD treatment. Several hypotheses have emerged to explain the pathogenic mechanisms underlying the prevalence of IBD-induced kidney injuries. The present work aims to elucidate the pathological principles that drive secondary renal injury in individuals with IBD and highlight the currently used therapeutic strategies for evaluating, monitoring and treating kidney complications-related IBD.展开更多
BACKGROUND Multiple primary malignant neoplasms(MPMNs)are rare,while synchronous MPMNs(SMPMNs)are even less common.Owing to the progression of medical technology and the extension of life expectancy,its incidence is g...BACKGROUND Multiple primary malignant neoplasms(MPMNs)are rare,while synchronous MPMNs(SMPMNs)are even less common.Owing to the progression of medical technology and the extension of life expectancy,its incidence is gradually increasing.CASE SUMMARY Although reports of breast and thyroid dual cancers are common,cases of an additional diagnosis of kidney primary cancer within the same individual are rare.CONCLUSION We present a case of simultaneous MPMN of three endocrine organs,reviewing the relevant literature to enhance our understanding of SMPMNs while emphasizing the increasingly important need for accurate diagnosis and multidisciplinary management whenever this challenging situation arises.展开更多
This article reports a case of simultaneous occurrence of 2 primary renal tumors of different histology, a transitional cell carcinoma and a renal cell carcinoma. in the same kidney. The histological, immunohistochemi...This article reports a case of simultaneous occurrence of 2 primary renal tumors of different histology, a transitional cell carcinoma and a renal cell carcinoma. in the same kidney. The histological, immunohistochemical and ultrastructural changes of the tumors were described. A review of the literature to date revealed this case to be rare. only 24 other cases were reported previously.展开更多
Non-melanoma cutaneous carcinomas, or skin cancers, predominantly squamous cell carcinomas(SCCs), are the most common malignancies occurring in kidney transplant recipients(KTRs). Squamous cell carcinoma risk is drama...Non-melanoma cutaneous carcinomas, or skin cancers, predominantly squamous cell carcinomas(SCCs), are the most common malignancies occurring in kidney transplant recipients(KTRs). Squamous cell carcinoma risk is dramatically elevated in KTRs, occurring at rates of up 45-250 times those reported in general populations. New non-melanoma skin cancers in KTRs with a prior non-melanoma skin cancer also develop at 3-times the rate reported in non-KTRs with the same clinical history. The unique aggressiveness of SCCs in KTRs increases patient morbidity, due to the high rate of new lesions requiring treatment, frequently surgical excision. Oral nicotinamide shows promise in the chemoprevention of the especially aggressive non-melanoma skin cancers which occur in KTRs. This benefit might be conferred via its inhibition of sirtuin enzymatic pathways. Nicotinamide's concurrent hypophosphatemic effect may also partially ameliorate the disturbed calcium-phosphorus homeostasis in these patients-a putative risk factor for mortality, and graft failure. Conceivably, a phase 3 trial of nicotinamide for the prevention of non-melanoma skin cancers in KTRs, lasting at least 12-mo, could also incorporate imaging and laboratory measures which assess nicotinamide's impact on subclinical cardiovascular and chronic kidney disease risk, and progression.展开更多
BACKGROUND Madelung’s disease(MD)is a rare disorder of lipid metabolism,characterized by the growth of unencapsulated masses of adipose tissue symmetrically deposited around the neck,shoulders,or other sites around t...BACKGROUND Madelung’s disease(MD)is a rare disorder of lipid metabolism,characterized by the growth of unencapsulated masses of adipose tissue symmetrically deposited around the neck,shoulders,or other sites around the body.Its pathological mechanism is not yet known.One of the most common comorbidities in MD patients is liver disease,especially chronic alcoholic liver disease(CALD);however,no reports exist of acute kidney injury(AKI)with MD.CASE SUMMARY We report a 60-year-old man who presented with complaint of edema in the lower limbs that had persisted for 3 d.Physical examination showed subcutaneous masses around the neck,and history-taking revealed the masses to have been present for 2 years and long-term heavy drinking.Considering the clinical symptoms,along with various laboratory test results and imaging characteristics,a diagnosis was made of MD with acute exacerbation of CALD and AKI.The patient was treated with liver function protection and traditional Chinese medicine,without surgical intervention.He was advised to quit drinking.After 10 d,the edema had subsided,renal function indicators returned to normal,liver function significantly improved,and size of subcutaneous masses remained stable.CONCLUSION In MD,concomitant liver or kidney complications are possible and monitoring of liver and kidney functions can be beneficial.展开更多
BACKGROUND Kidney transplantation is the standard treatment for end-stage renal disease.Particularly,rare and specific pathogenic infections which are asymptomatic are often difficult to diagnose,causing delayed and i...BACKGROUND Kidney transplantation is the standard treatment for end-stage renal disease.Particularly,rare and specific pathogenic infections which are asymptomatic are often difficult to diagnose,causing delayed and ineffective treatment and thus seriously affecting prognosis.Tropheryma whipplei(T.whipplei)is a Gram-positive actinomycete widely found in soil,sewage,and other external environments and is present in the population as an asymptomatic pathogen.There is relatively little documented research on T.whipplei in renal transplant patients,and there are no uniform criteria for treating this group of post-transplant patients.This article describes the treatment of a 42-year-old individual with post-transplant T.whipplei infection following kidney transplantation.CASE SUMMARY To analyze clinical features of Whipple’s disease and summarize its diagnosis and treatment effects after renal transplantation.Clinical data of a Whipple’s disease patient treated in the affiliated hospital of Guizhou Medical University were collected and assessed retrospectively.The treatment outcomes and clinical experience were then summarized via literature review.The patient was admitted to the hospital due to recurrent diarrhea for 1 mo,shortness of breath,and 1 wk of fever,after 3 years of renal transplantation.The symptoms of the digestive and respiratory systems were not significantly improved after adjusting immunosuppressive regimen and anti-diarrheal,empirical antibiotic treatments.Bronchoscopic alveolar fluid was collected for meta-genomic next-generation sequencing(mNGS).The deoxyribonucleic acid sequence of Tropheryma whipplei was detected,and Whipple’s disease was diagnosed.Meropenem,ceftriaxone,and other symptomatic treatments were given,and water-electrolyte balance was maintained.Symptoms resolved quickly,and the patient was discharged after 20 d of hospitalization.The compound sulfamethoxazole tablet was continued for 3 mo after discharge.No diarrhea,fever,and other symptoms occurred during the 6-month follow-up.CONCLUSION Whipple’s disease is rare,with no specific symptoms,which makes diagnosis difficult.Polymerase chain reaction or mNGS should be immediately performed when the disease is suspected to confirm the diagnosis.展开更多
Patients with inflammatory bowel disease(IBD)can develop extra-renal complications and as a result,suffer from end stage renal failure requiring kidney transplantation(KT).A brief review of available literature reveal...Patients with inflammatory bowel disease(IBD)can develop extra-renal complications and as a result,suffer from end stage renal failure requiring kidney transplantation(KT).A brief review of available literature revealed that IBD patients undergoing KT have shorter overall survival rates compared to their controls.Literature reporting steroid regimens and survival outcomes specific to IBD and post kidney transplant are scarce and these studies have small sample sizes thus making it difficult to draw accurate conclusions.Further research is required in the form of a randomized controlled study to clarify the effect and mechanism of steroid immunosuppression on the prognosis of renal transplant recipients and explore new treatment schemes.展开更多
In this editorial,we comment on the article by Chen and Cai.We focus on renal anastomotic hemangioma,which is a rare benign hemangiomatous disease.This disease has unique clinical characteristics.Its biological behavi...In this editorial,we comment on the article by Chen and Cai.We focus on renal anastomotic hemangioma,which is a rare benign hemangiomatous disease.This disease has unique clinical characteristics.Its biological behavior is benign,but its imaging results are similar to those of renal cancer.Renal anastomotic hemangioma is easy to misdiagnose and can lead to unnecessary radical nephrectomy.Therefore,urologists need a better understanding of this disease.We believe that patients with renal anastomotic hemangioma should receive individualized diagnosis and treatment to avoid overtreatment.展开更多
Background:Pancreatic solid pseudopapillary tumors(SPTs)are rare clinical entity,with low malignancy and still unclear pathogenesis.They account for less than 2%of exocrine pancreatic neoplasms.This study aimed to per...Background:Pancreatic solid pseudopapillary tumors(SPTs)are rare clinical entity,with low malignancy and still unclear pathogenesis.They account for less than 2%of exocrine pancreatic neoplasms.This study aimed to perform a systematic review of the main clinical,surgical and oncological characteristics of pancreatic SPTs.Data sources:MEDLINE/PubMed,Web of Science and Scopus databases were systematically searched for the main clinical,surgical and oncological characteristics of pancreatic SPTs up to April 2021,in accordance with the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses(PRISMA)standards.Primary endpoints were to analyze treatments and oncological outcomes.Results:A total of 823 studies were recorded,86 studies underwent full-text reviews and 28 met inclusion criteria.Overall,1384 patients underwent pancreatic surgery.Mean age was 30 years and 1181 patients(85.3%)were female.The most common clinical presentation was non-specific abdominal pain(52.6%of cases).Mean overall survival was 98.1%.Mean recurrence rate was 2.8%.Mean follow-up was 4.2 years.Conclusions:Pancreatic SPTs are rare,and predominantly affect young women with unclear pathogenesis.Radical resection is the gold standard of treatment achieving good oncological impact and a favorable prognosis in a yearly life-long follow-up.展开更多
Dieulafoy’s lesions are rare vascular malformations of the gastrointestinal tract. A Dieulafoy’s lesion is an aberrant vessel that does not reduce in caliber when it extends from the submucosa to the mucosa. Damage ...Dieulafoy’s lesions are rare vascular malformations of the gastrointestinal tract. A Dieulafoy’s lesion is an aberrant vessel that does not reduce in caliber when it extends from the submucosa to the mucosa. Damage to this artery can cause severe and intermittent arterial bleeding from small vascular stumps that are difficult to visualize. Furthermore, these catastrophic bleeding episodes frequently result in hemodynamic instability and the need for transfusion of multiple blood products. Recently, uremic syndrome has been identified as a risk factor for gastric mucosal lesions. We present two clinical cases of acute digestive bleeding due to Dielafoy lesion with chronic kidney disease as the main cause, where two different therapies were performed endoscopically. We concluded with the results of our patients that the best therapy was the application of the hemostatic hemoclip on the injury vs the injection with adrenaline on the wound site. Uremia is identified as a risk factor for upper gastrointestinal bleeding in patients with pre-existing Dieulafoy’s lesion, as well as a higher incidence of new bleeding.展开更多
Potter syndrome is a rare congenital malformation that primarily affects male fetuses;it is characterized by pulmonary hypoplasia, skeletal malformation, and kidney abnormalities. The pressure of the uterine wall due ...Potter syndrome is a rare congenital malformation that primarily affects male fetuses;it is characterized by pulmonary hypoplasia, skeletal malformation, and kidney abnormalities. The pressure of the uterine wall due to oligohydramnios leads to an unusual facial appearance, abnormal limbs in abnormal positions, or contractures. The fetus generally dies soon after birth due to respiratory insufficiency. The baby was a live preterm male, born to a 30-year-old multigravida, out of a non-consanguineous marriage via cesarean section. There was no liquor at the time of delivery. The baby did not cry immediately after birth and required resuscitation, followed by mechanical ventilation. Multiple congenital anomalies suggestive of Potter’s syndrome were noted including facial features, flattened nose, low protruding ear, retrognathism, and epicanthal folds with unilateral atresia of the choana. Chest X-ray showed small volume lung fields suggestive of pulmonary hypoplasia, and we had on ultrasonography bilateral polycystic kidney disease on ultrasonography. At 42 hours of life, the baby developed tachypnea and severe chest retractions and died due to respiratory insufficiency. Our case highlights the importance of regular prenatal checks and examinations in each pregnancy, which helps to collect suspected cases and improve knowledge of this syndrome for better management.展开更多
文摘We report a case of a 77-year-old female with a local recurrence of cancer after right hemicolectomy which infiltrated the pancreatic head affording pancreatoduodenectomy, who developed 3 years later recurrent tumor masses localized in the mesentery of the jejunum and in the lower pole of the left kidney. Partial nephrectomy and a segment resection of the small bowel were performed. Histological examination of both specimens revealed a necrotic metastasis of the primary carcinoma of the colon. Although intraluminal implantation of colon cancer cells in the renal pelvic mucosa from ureteric metastasis has been described, metastasis of a colorectal cancer in the kidney parenchyma is extremely rare and can be treated in an organ preserving manner. A complex pattern of colon cancer recurrence with unusual and rare sites of metastasis is reported.
文摘Introduction Solitary fibrous tumor （SFT） of the kidney is a rare spindle cell neoplasm and all reported SFTs of the kidney were diagnosed through pathological examination and immunohistochemical study after open nephrectomy or open radical nephrectomy. We present a case of SFT of the kidney diagnosed through fine needle core biopsy preoperatively in a 50-year-old female and managed with laparoscopic partial nephrectomy. Due to the difficulty in discriminating between malignant and benign growth pattern of this tumor entity, a regular follow-up after conservative treatment is mandatory.
文摘KIDNEY involvement is common in non-Hodgkin＇s lymphoma （NHL） with incidence up to 30%-40% in autopsy studies. However, it us- ually occurs late in the course of the diseaseand is clinically silent. Clinically overt renal disease including acute kidney injury （AKI） as its primary manifestation is rarely reported, moreover, Fanconi syndrome （FS） is extremely rare as the main manifestation in NHL. In this report, we presented a case of NHL primarily presenting with FS and AKI due to diffuse interstitial infiltration of NHL cells and emphasized the important role of renal biopsy, especially renal immunohistochemical analysis in the diagnosis of renal diffuse lymphoma.
文摘BACKGROUND Waldenstr?m’s macroglobulinemia(WM) is a rare lymphoid neoplasia, which can have renal complications. These rarely occur, and most common renal manifestations are mild proteinuria and microscopic hematuria. Herein we describe a case of WM that presented with pseudothrombi depositing in capillaries associated with minimal change nephrotic syndrome and chronic kidney disease(CKD).CASE SUMMARY A 52-year-old man presented with features suggesting nephrotic syndrome.Extensive workups were done, and there were elevated serum levels of interleukin-6 and vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF), capillary pseudothrombus accumulation associated with minimal change nephrotic syndrome, CKD, and WM. Treatment was directed at the patient’s WM with bortezomib, thalidomide, and dexamethasone whereby serum immunoglobulin M(IgM) decreased. The damage of IgM on the kidney was corrected; thus, the patient’s proteinuria and serum creatinine had improved. The patient is still under clinical follow-up.CONCLUSION It is essential for clinicians to promptly pay more attention to patients presenting with features of nephrotic syndrome and do extensive workups to come up with a proper therapy strategy.
文摘Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is profoundly associated with extraintestinal manifestations (EIM) that can involve almost every organ in our body. Although the exact etiology of IBD is still poorly understood, it is generally characterized by an overly aggressive inflammatory response in the intestinal mucosa. Renal damage is one of the manifestations encountered in Crohn’s disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC) and it accounts for 4% - 23% of IBD patients. The common renal complications of IBD include: glomerulonephritis, tubulointerstitial nephritis, nephrolithiasis, amyloidosis and iatrogenic complications of IBD treatment. Several hypotheses have emerged to explain the pathogenic mechanisms underlying the prevalence of IBD-induced kidney injuries. The present work aims to elucidate the pathological principles that drive secondary renal injury in individuals with IBD and highlight the currently used therapeutic strategies for evaluating, monitoring and treating kidney complications-related IBD.
基金Shanxi Soft Science General Program,No.2018041032-2.
文摘BACKGROUND Multiple primary malignant neoplasms(MPMNs)are rare,while synchronous MPMNs(SMPMNs)are even less common.Owing to the progression of medical technology and the extension of life expectancy,its incidence is gradually increasing.CASE SUMMARY Although reports of breast and thyroid dual cancers are common,cases of an additional diagnosis of kidney primary cancer within the same individual are rare.CONCLUSION We present a case of simultaneous MPMN of three endocrine organs,reviewing the relevant literature to enhance our understanding of SMPMNs while emphasizing the increasingly important need for accurate diagnosis and multidisciplinary management whenever this challenging situation arises.
文摘This article reports a case of simultaneous occurrence of 2 primary renal tumors of different histology, a transitional cell carcinoma and a renal cell carcinoma. in the same kidney. The histological, immunohistochemical and ultrastructural changes of the tumors were described. A review of the literature to date revealed this case to be rare. only 24 other cases were reported previously.
文摘Non-melanoma cutaneous carcinomas, or skin cancers, predominantly squamous cell carcinomas(SCCs), are the most common malignancies occurring in kidney transplant recipients(KTRs). Squamous cell carcinoma risk is dramatically elevated in KTRs, occurring at rates of up 45-250 times those reported in general populations. New non-melanoma skin cancers in KTRs with a prior non-melanoma skin cancer also develop at 3-times the rate reported in non-KTRs with the same clinical history. The unique aggressiveness of SCCs in KTRs increases patient morbidity, due to the high rate of new lesions requiring treatment, frequently surgical excision. Oral nicotinamide shows promise in the chemoprevention of the especially aggressive non-melanoma skin cancers which occur in KTRs. This benefit might be conferred via its inhibition of sirtuin enzymatic pathways. Nicotinamide's concurrent hypophosphatemic effect may also partially ameliorate the disturbed calcium-phosphorus homeostasis in these patients-a putative risk factor for mortality, and graft failure. Conceivably, a phase 3 trial of nicotinamide for the prevention of non-melanoma skin cancers in KTRs, lasting at least 12-mo, could also incorporate imaging and laboratory measures which assess nicotinamide's impact on subclinical cardiovascular and chronic kidney disease risk, and progression.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.81973831the Sichuan Provincial Department of Finance,Sichuan Provincial Department of Labor and Social Security(2020)No.201 Traditional Chinese Medicine Inheritance and Innovation Ten Thousands of Talents Project-Ye Chuanhui Studio.
文摘BACKGROUND Madelung’s disease(MD)is a rare disorder of lipid metabolism,characterized by the growth of unencapsulated masses of adipose tissue symmetrically deposited around the neck,shoulders,or other sites around the body.Its pathological mechanism is not yet known.One of the most common comorbidities in MD patients is liver disease,especially chronic alcoholic liver disease(CALD);however,no reports exist of acute kidney injury(AKI)with MD.CASE SUMMARY We report a 60-year-old man who presented with complaint of edema in the lower limbs that had persisted for 3 d.Physical examination showed subcutaneous masses around the neck,and history-taking revealed the masses to have been present for 2 years and long-term heavy drinking.Considering the clinical symptoms,along with various laboratory test results and imaging characteristics,a diagnosis was made of MD with acute exacerbation of CALD and AKI.The patient was treated with liver function protection and traditional Chinese medicine,without surgical intervention.He was advised to quit drinking.After 10 d,the edema had subsided,renal function indicators returned to normal,liver function significantly improved,and size of subcutaneous masses remained stable.CONCLUSION In MD,concomitant liver or kidney complications are possible and monitoring of liver and kidney functions can be beneficial.
基金Supported by Guiyang Science and Technology Program,No.2019-9-1-39.
文摘BACKGROUND Kidney transplantation is the standard treatment for end-stage renal disease.Particularly,rare and specific pathogenic infections which are asymptomatic are often difficult to diagnose,causing delayed and ineffective treatment and thus seriously affecting prognosis.Tropheryma whipplei(T.whipplei)is a Gram-positive actinomycete widely found in soil,sewage,and other external environments and is present in the population as an asymptomatic pathogen.There is relatively little documented research on T.whipplei in renal transplant patients,and there are no uniform criteria for treating this group of post-transplant patients.This article describes the treatment of a 42-year-old individual with post-transplant T.whipplei infection following kidney transplantation.CASE SUMMARY To analyze clinical features of Whipple’s disease and summarize its diagnosis and treatment effects after renal transplantation.Clinical data of a Whipple’s disease patient treated in the affiliated hospital of Guizhou Medical University were collected and assessed retrospectively.The treatment outcomes and clinical experience were then summarized via literature review.The patient was admitted to the hospital due to recurrent diarrhea for 1 mo,shortness of breath,and 1 wk of fever,after 3 years of renal transplantation.The symptoms of the digestive and respiratory systems were not significantly improved after adjusting immunosuppressive regimen and anti-diarrheal,empirical antibiotic treatments.Bronchoscopic alveolar fluid was collected for meta-genomic next-generation sequencing(mNGS).The deoxyribonucleic acid sequence of Tropheryma whipplei was detected,and Whipple’s disease was diagnosed.Meropenem,ceftriaxone,and other symptomatic treatments were given,and water-electrolyte balance was maintained.Symptoms resolved quickly,and the patient was discharged after 20 d of hospitalization.The compound sulfamethoxazole tablet was continued for 3 mo after discharge.No diarrhea,fever,and other symptoms occurred during the 6-month follow-up.CONCLUSION Whipple’s disease is rare,with no specific symptoms,which makes diagnosis difficult.Polymerase chain reaction or mNGS should be immediately performed when the disease is suspected to confirm the diagnosis.
文摘Patients with inflammatory bowel disease(IBD)can develop extra-renal complications and as a result,suffer from end stage renal failure requiring kidney transplantation(KT).A brief review of available literature revealed that IBD patients undergoing KT have shorter overall survival rates compared to their controls.Literature reporting steroid regimens and survival outcomes specific to IBD and post kidney transplant are scarce and these studies have small sample sizes thus making it difficult to draw accurate conclusions.Further research is required in the form of a randomized controlled study to clarify the effect and mechanism of steroid immunosuppression on the prognosis of renal transplant recipients and explore new treatment schemes.
文摘In this editorial,we comment on the article by Chen and Cai.We focus on renal anastomotic hemangioma,which is a rare benign hemangiomatous disease.This disease has unique clinical characteristics.Its biological behavior is benign,but its imaging results are similar to those of renal cancer.Renal anastomotic hemangioma is easy to misdiagnose and can lead to unnecessary radical nephrectomy.Therefore,urologists need a better understanding of this disease.We believe that patients with renal anastomotic hemangioma should receive individualized diagnosis and treatment to avoid overtreatment.
文摘Background:Pancreatic solid pseudopapillary tumors(SPTs)are rare clinical entity,with low malignancy and still unclear pathogenesis.They account for less than 2%of exocrine pancreatic neoplasms.This study aimed to perform a systematic review of the main clinical,surgical and oncological characteristics of pancreatic SPTs.Data sources:MEDLINE/PubMed,Web of Science and Scopus databases were systematically searched for the main clinical,surgical and oncological characteristics of pancreatic SPTs up to April 2021,in accordance with the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses(PRISMA)standards.Primary endpoints were to analyze treatments and oncological outcomes.Results:A total of 823 studies were recorded,86 studies underwent full-text reviews and 28 met inclusion criteria.Overall,1384 patients underwent pancreatic surgery.Mean age was 30 years and 1181 patients(85.3%)were female.The most common clinical presentation was non-specific abdominal pain(52.6%of cases).Mean overall survival was 98.1%.Mean recurrence rate was 2.8%.Mean follow-up was 4.2 years.Conclusions:Pancreatic SPTs are rare,and predominantly affect young women with unclear pathogenesis.Radical resection is the gold standard of treatment achieving good oncological impact and a favorable prognosis in a yearly life-long follow-up.
文摘Dieulafoy’s lesions are rare vascular malformations of the gastrointestinal tract. A Dieulafoy’s lesion is an aberrant vessel that does not reduce in caliber when it extends from the submucosa to the mucosa. Damage to this artery can cause severe and intermittent arterial bleeding from small vascular stumps that are difficult to visualize. Furthermore, these catastrophic bleeding episodes frequently result in hemodynamic instability and the need for transfusion of multiple blood products. Recently, uremic syndrome has been identified as a risk factor for gastric mucosal lesions. We present two clinical cases of acute digestive bleeding due to Dielafoy lesion with chronic kidney disease as the main cause, where two different therapies were performed endoscopically. We concluded with the results of our patients that the best therapy was the application of the hemostatic hemoclip on the injury vs the injection with adrenaline on the wound site. Uremia is identified as a risk factor for upper gastrointestinal bleeding in patients with pre-existing Dieulafoy’s lesion, as well as a higher incidence of new bleeding.
文摘Potter syndrome is a rare congenital malformation that primarily affects male fetuses;it is characterized by pulmonary hypoplasia, skeletal malformation, and kidney abnormalities. The pressure of the uterine wall due to oligohydramnios leads to an unusual facial appearance, abnormal limbs in abnormal positions, or contractures. The fetus generally dies soon after birth due to respiratory insufficiency. The baby was a live preterm male, born to a 30-year-old multigravida, out of a non-consanguineous marriage via cesarean section. There was no liquor at the time of delivery. The baby did not cry immediately after birth and required resuscitation, followed by mechanical ventilation. Multiple congenital anomalies suggestive of Potter’s syndrome were noted including facial features, flattened nose, low protruding ear, retrognathism, and epicanthal folds with unilateral atresia of the choana. Chest X-ray showed small volume lung fields suggestive of pulmonary hypoplasia, and we had on ultrasonography bilateral polycystic kidney disease on ultrasonography. At 42 hours of life, the baby developed tachypnea and severe chest retractions and died due to respiratory insufficiency. Our case highlights the importance of regular prenatal checks and examinations in each pregnancy, which helps to collect suspected cases and improve knowledge of this syndrome for better management.
