This study elaborates three things： Firstly is the current agricultural cooperatives management and their low farm performance in eight provinces in the eastern of Thailand where are the bases of Thailand famous frui...This study elaborates three things： Firstly is the current agricultural cooperatives management and their low farm performance in eight provinces in the eastern of Thailand where are the bases of Thailand famous fruits products. Secondly is to point out the key concepts of the theory of entrepreneur and the strength of it to assist the community development, to teach young people, adults and cooperatives members to prepare them to pertain good entrepreneurship that meets cooperatives concepts and principles. Thirdly is to give an example of research study that describes how to identify entrepreneurial capability of agricultural cooperatives members in Thailand, dependent variable is qualitative or binary, we use ＂odds value＂ or probability of success over the probability of failure to identify the set of odds value, and use exponential function to transform the odds value to be the log of odds or Logit model. If probability of entrepreneur is over the cutting point of 0.8, it implied that members are pertained high entrepreneurial capability and vise versa. The first step of research is the analysis of five year panel secondary data during 2011-2015, collected from Cooperatives Auditing Department. Eight groups of 679 numbers of data from 215 cooperatives were calculated, data were divided by the number of member. These eight independent variables are Total income per member, Total equity per member, Net profit per member, Co-ops operating capital per member, Total cooperatives capital per member, Total deposit per member, Total asset per member, Number of member. Qualitative data are the four sizes of cooperatives： large, big, medium, and small. Qualitative data are the only one intervening variable in the model. Secondary data found that only four quantitative independent variables effect to entrepreneurial capability. Total asset per member, and Total income per member had negative effect, but Net profit per member, and Cooperatives capital per member had positive effect. It means that if cooperatives acquire more and more asset, cooperatives will have more burden of debt or equity and probability of entrepreneur will be decreased. If cooperatives gain more and more income to the firm, it means the complex organization or the cooperatives will success but the individual member who is individual finn will get loss. Cooperatives capital per member and Net profit per member have positive effect. Because cooperatives capital were gained from residual and after the allocation of cooperatives surplus to be patronage refund according to the volume of business which member had done with the cooperatives and dividend pay out to member according to the number of stocks they held for their saving with the cooperatives. For qualitative variable, large and medium size of cooperatives had no any effects, but small size of cooperatives had more effect than the big size. It implied that big cooperatives who had more and more number of members have more and more burden. Small size of cooperatives is similar to individual firm of each member. Thus, optimum size of cooperatives is suitable for their service and efficient management, if the size of business volume increasing continuously, the quality of service will decrease, because almost cooperatives organization is pricing at break even point. Second step is a primary survey of data from Rayong province. Seventy-five samples of cooperatives members have not recorded their business information, both revenue and cost. We cannot use logistic regression to run the second model, but only Multiple Regression Analysis （MRA）. MRA results identify that the cooperatives profit of each member depends on three variables： （1） sales, （2） member responsibility （not board member responsibility or Management responsibility）, （3） member＇s level of education. Suggestion and recommendation is that agricultural cooperatives members in Thailand still have to improve their entrepreneurial capability by recording all information related to business functions and prepare financial record to represent efficient use of resources to meet member and community＇s needs.展开更多
Spontaneous potential well-logging is one of the important techniques in petroleum exploitation. A spontaneous potential satisfies an elliptic equivalued surface boundary value problem with discontinuous interface con...Spontaneous potential well-logging is one of the important techniques in petroleum exploitation. A spontaneous potential satisfies an elliptic equivalued surface boundary value problem with discontinuous interface conditions. In practice, the measuring electrode is so small that we can simplify the corresponding equivalued surface to a point. In this paper, we give a positive answer to this approximation process:when the equivalued surface shrinks to a point, the solution of the original equivalued surface boundary value problem converges to the solution of the corresponding limit boundary value problem.展开更多
This study focused on the quantitative analysis of the petrophysical parameters in characterizing the reservoir properties of the Srikail gas field using multi-scale wireline logs.Petrophysical parameters(shale volume...This study focused on the quantitative analysis of the petrophysical parameters in characterizing the reservoir properties of the Srikail gas field using multi-scale wireline logs.Petrophysical parameters(shale volume,porosity,water saturation and hydrocarbon saturation)were estimated from the combination of gamma ray log,resistivity log,density log and neutron log for three hydrocarbon(gas)-bearing zones at well#3.At the first time,log records at 0.1 m and 0.2 m intervals were read for this study.Result showed the average shale volume is 21.07%,53.67%and 51.71%for zone-1,zone-2 and zone-3,respectively.For these zones,the estimated average porosity was 35.89%,29.83%and 28.76%,respectively.The average water saturation of 31.54%,16.83%and 23.39%and average hydrocarbon saturation of 68.46%,83.17%and 76.61%were calculated for zone-1,zone-2 and zone-3,respectively.Thus zone-2 is regarded the most productive zone of well#3.It was found that the values of some parameters(porosity,hydrocarbon saturation and permeability)are higher than the existing results.Therefore,this study confirmed that the log reading at minute/close interval provides better quantitive values of the reservoir’s petrophysical properties.It is expected that this result will contribute to the national gas field development program in future.展开更多
Logging residue can be defined as any form of wood, which under the highest stage of technological development could be used in manufacturing but is left in the forest during logging. Lumber production from logging re...Logging residue can be defined as any form of wood, which under the highest stage of technological development could be used in manufacturing but is left in the forest during logging. Lumber production from logging residues of a previous logging activity by a timber firm was undertaken with the objective of determining the suitability of utilizing buttressed-stumps as raw material for the timber industry. A horizontal mobile bandsaw machine was used to process the buttressed-stumps into lumber. The machine was characterized by a thin-kerr sawing technology （kerf-width 1.6 mm） compared to the conventional bandsaw machines of kerr-widths ranging from 3.0-4.5 mm. Lumber value and volume yields, fuel consumption rate, frequency of tool replacement and lumber production rate were assessed. Results indicated that there is the potential to increase timber production from logging residues by utilizing buttressed-stumps. Lumber value and volume yields of eight timber species investigated in this study ranged from 5%-31% and 34%-54% respectively. Fuel consumption rate which increased with increasing wood density, ranged from 5-14.5 liters/m3 of lumber produced. Frequency of saw replacement increased with increasing wood density. The number of saws required to produce one cubic meter of lumber, ranged from 1 to 7. Lumber production rate ranged from 0.10-0.38 m3/hour, increasing with decreasing wood density.展开更多
文摘This study elaborates three things： Firstly is the current agricultural cooperatives management and their low farm performance in eight provinces in the eastern of Thailand where are the bases of Thailand famous fruits products. Secondly is to point out the key concepts of the theory of entrepreneur and the strength of it to assist the community development, to teach young people, adults and cooperatives members to prepare them to pertain good entrepreneurship that meets cooperatives concepts and principles. Thirdly is to give an example of research study that describes how to identify entrepreneurial capability of agricultural cooperatives members in Thailand, dependent variable is qualitative or binary, we use ＂odds value＂ or probability of success over the probability of failure to identify the set of odds value, and use exponential function to transform the odds value to be the log of odds or Logit model. If probability of entrepreneur is over the cutting point of 0.8, it implied that members are pertained high entrepreneurial capability and vise versa. The first step of research is the analysis of five year panel secondary data during 2011-2015, collected from Cooperatives Auditing Department. Eight groups of 679 numbers of data from 215 cooperatives were calculated, data were divided by the number of member. These eight independent variables are Total income per member, Total equity per member, Net profit per member, Co-ops operating capital per member, Total cooperatives capital per member, Total deposit per member, Total asset per member, Number of member. Qualitative data are the four sizes of cooperatives： large, big, medium, and small. Qualitative data are the only one intervening variable in the model. Secondary data found that only four quantitative independent variables effect to entrepreneurial capability. Total asset per member, and Total income per member had negative effect, but Net profit per member, and Cooperatives capital per member had positive effect. It means that if cooperatives acquire more and more asset, cooperatives will have more burden of debt or equity and probability of entrepreneur will be decreased. If cooperatives gain more and more income to the firm, it means the complex organization or the cooperatives will success but the individual member who is individual finn will get loss. Cooperatives capital per member and Net profit per member have positive effect. Because cooperatives capital were gained from residual and after the allocation of cooperatives surplus to be patronage refund according to the volume of business which member had done with the cooperatives and dividend pay out to member according to the number of stocks they held for their saving with the cooperatives. For qualitative variable, large and medium size of cooperatives had no any effects, but small size of cooperatives had more effect than the big size. It implied that big cooperatives who had more and more number of members have more and more burden. Small size of cooperatives is similar to individual firm of each member. Thus, optimum size of cooperatives is suitable for their service and efficient management, if the size of business volume increasing continuously, the quality of service will decrease, because almost cooperatives organization is pricing at break even point. Second step is a primary survey of data from Rayong province. Seventy-five samples of cooperatives members have not recorded their business information, both revenue and cost. We cannot use logistic regression to run the second model, but only Multiple Regression Analysis （MRA）. MRA results identify that the cooperatives profit of each member depends on three variables： （1） sales, （2） member responsibility （not board member responsibility or Management responsibility）, （3） member＇s level of education. Suggestion and recommendation is that agricultural cooperatives members in Thailand still have to improve their entrepreneurial capability by recording all information related to business functions and prepare financial record to represent efficient use of resources to meet member and community＇s needs.
文摘Spontaneous potential well-logging is one of the important techniques in petroleum exploitation. A spontaneous potential satisfies an elliptic equivalued surface boundary value problem with discontinuous interface conditions. In practice, the measuring electrode is so small that we can simplify the corresponding equivalued surface to a point. In this paper, we give a positive answer to this approximation process:when the equivalued surface shrinks to a point, the solution of the original equivalued surface boundary value problem converges to the solution of the corresponding limit boundary value problem.
基金the K.C. Wong Education Foundation (GJTD-2019-04)the Chinese Academy of Sciences as President ’s International Fellowship Initiative (PIFI) for a Postdoctoral fellow to M. Moklesur Rahman (2019PE0025).
文摘This study focused on the quantitative analysis of the petrophysical parameters in characterizing the reservoir properties of the Srikail gas field using multi-scale wireline logs.Petrophysical parameters(shale volume,porosity,water saturation and hydrocarbon saturation)were estimated from the combination of gamma ray log,resistivity log,density log and neutron log for three hydrocarbon(gas)-bearing zones at well#3.At the first time,log records at 0.1 m and 0.2 m intervals were read for this study.Result showed the average shale volume is 21.07%,53.67%and 51.71%for zone-1,zone-2 and zone-3,respectively.For these zones,the estimated average porosity was 35.89%,29.83%and 28.76%,respectively.The average water saturation of 31.54%,16.83%and 23.39%and average hydrocarbon saturation of 68.46%,83.17%and 76.61%were calculated for zone-1,zone-2 and zone-3,respectively.Thus zone-2 is regarded the most productive zone of well#3.It was found that the values of some parameters(porosity,hydrocarbon saturation and permeability)are higher than the existing results.Therefore,this study confirmed that the log reading at minute/close interval provides better quantitive values of the reservoir’s petrophysical properties.It is expected that this result will contribute to the national gas field development program in future.
文摘Logging residue can be defined as any form of wood, which under the highest stage of technological development could be used in manufacturing but is left in the forest during logging. Lumber production from logging residues of a previous logging activity by a timber firm was undertaken with the objective of determining the suitability of utilizing buttressed-stumps as raw material for the timber industry. A horizontal mobile bandsaw machine was used to process the buttressed-stumps into lumber. The machine was characterized by a thin-kerr sawing technology （kerf-width 1.6 mm） compared to the conventional bandsaw machines of kerr-widths ranging from 3.0-4.5 mm. Lumber value and volume yields, fuel consumption rate, frequency of tool replacement and lumber production rate were assessed. Results indicated that there is the potential to increase timber production from logging residues by utilizing buttressed-stumps. Lumber value and volume yields of eight timber species investigated in this study ranged from 5%-31% and 34%-54% respectively. Fuel consumption rate which increased with increasing wood density, ranged from 5-14.5 liters/m3 of lumber produced. Frequency of saw replacement increased with increasing wood density. The number of saws required to produce one cubic meter of lumber, ranged from 1 to 7. Lumber production rate ranged from 0.10-0.38 m3/hour, increasing with decreasing wood density.
