重识中韩文学关系的一种可能——评张乃禹《中国与朝鲜半岛近现代文学关系研究(1894-1949)》

中国与朝鲜半岛自古以来交流密切,中国古典文学对朝鲜半岛文学的发展产生了深远的影响。以往有关中国与朝鲜半岛文学关系的研究主要集中在古代,并侧重于单方面的影响研究。步入近现代以来,两者之间的关系呈现互译互鉴的“双向”视角,张乃禹的《中国与朝鲜半岛近现代文学关系研究(1894—1949)》便是基于丰富的史料,通过纵向考察与横向比较全面展现1894—1949年间中韩文学关系的专著,为构建中韩文学的对话机制进行了有益尝试。

Comparative Research on Double-entry in China, Italy and South Korea

This paper explores the different view about the origin of double-entry book-keeping that arises from bank account of Florence, Italy in 13^th century. The four-leg accounts in China were to some extent similar to that in Korea in 11^th century and the three-leg accounts to that in ancient Rome period. By analysis of accounting bamboo slips in Han dynasty in 2nd and 1st centuries B.C., this paper will demonstrate that the double-entry book-keeping method emerged from China and Italy.

An Inquiry into the Approach to Asian Regional Trade Integration Under the Belt and Road Initiative——The Case of the Alignment of a China-Japan-South Korea Free Trade Area

It has been five years since the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) was first introduced. Though there has been a growing body of literature on regional cooperation between covered countries, Japan and South Korea have been barely discussed. This paper starts with the consensus-based mechanism of a China-Japan-South Korea Free Trade Area (FTA) to probe the approach of its alignment with the BRI in terms of the sequence of “master plans,”“viability of cooperation,” and “embedding of rules.” This inquiry found that the three countries have a shared interest in cooperation in Central Asia to which China prefers a pragmatic approach, while Japan and South Korea an approach combining idealism with pragmatism. Given the huge potential of cooperation between the trio, it is suggested that a “Central Asia chapter” be incorporated in the negotiation framework of this trilateral FTA, and that the design feature three aspects;fundamental principles, specific rules, and an executive body with a view to functionally contributing to regional trade integration in Asia. This approach may also be applied to the alignment of other Asian areas with the BRI.

Current guidelines for Helicobacter pylori treatment in East Asia 2022:Differences among China,Japan,and South Korea

Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection is highly prevalent in East Asia. The overallseroprevalence rate of H. pylori infection is 44.2% in China, 37.6%-43.2% in Japan,and 51.0% in South Korea. H. pylori can cause peptic ulcer disease and gastriccancer. East Asian countries have high rates of gastric cancer (age-standardizedincidence rate: 20-30 per 100000). The Kyoto global consensus report emphasizedthat H. pylori gastritis should be considered the main cause for the development ofgastric cancer. H. pylori treatment guidelines in China, Japan, and South Koreahave recently been revised according to data from each of those countries.However, emerging antibiotic resistance is an important barrier to H. pylorieradication. The recommended H. pylori treatment regimens differ among thosethree East Asian countries. In this review, recent guidelines and up-to-dateresearch on H. pylori treatment regimens from China, Japan, and South Korea arediscussed.

Morphological and genetic comparison of two strains of a Prorocentrum species isolated from Zhejiang coastal water of China and Masan Bay of Korea

In this paper, we examined the detailed morphology of two strains of Prorocentrum isolated from the coastal waters of Zhejiang (Wenling area), China, and Masan Bay of Korea. A taxonomic comparison was made among strains on the basis of morphological and molecular data. The cellular dimensions of the Chinese Wenling strain (LAMB090508) and Korean strain (PDKS0206) were similar and the cells of both strains were of asymmetric and elongated shape. The posterior end of most cells was rounded. Megacytic zones of aged cells were broader with dense tiny knobs. The roundish nucleus was located in the posterior part of the cell. A few irregular shaped chloroplasts were distributed within the cell. The nucleotide similarity of the two strains, determined from the 5.8S rDNA-ITS sequences, was 99.83%. The comparative results of morphology and molecular analysis suggest that both strains isolated from China and Korea were the identical species, Prorocentrum donghaiense Lu.

1990-2019年中国、日本与韩国的良性前列腺增生疾病负担比较

目的分析1990-2019年中国、日本和韩国良性前列腺增生(BPH)疾病负担,为合理分配卫生资源提供科学依据。方法使用2019年全球疾病负担研究的数据,采用发病、患病和伤残所致健康寿命损失年(YLD)分析BPH疾病负担现状及其趋势;采用年度百分比变化率和平均年度百分比变化率分析其时间趋势。结果中国的发病率、患病率和YLD率远远高于日本和韩国:1990-2019年中国、日本和韩国BPH的粗发病率平均每年上升2.56%、1.49%和3.59%;粗患病率平均每年上升2.70%、2.34%和4.03%;粗YLD率平均每年上升2.68%、2.33%和4.04%。年龄标化后,中国疾病负担随时间下降,但趋势不显著;日本和韩国标化率随时间显著上升。BPH疾病负担随年龄增长呈上升趋势,60~84岁年龄人群负担最大;此外,3个国家BPH疾病负担随着社会人口学指数(SDI)的增长而增加。结论中国、日本和韩国BPH的疾病负担十分沉重,其中中国疾病负担形势最为严峻,60~84岁为高危人群,应针对重点人群采取干预措施。

Future Changes in Extreme High Temperature over China at 1.5℃-5℃ Global Warming Based on CMIP6 Simulations

Extreme high temperature(EHT)events are among the most impact-related consequences related to climate change,especially for China,a nation with a large population that is vulnerable to the climate warming.Based on the latest Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 6(CMIP6),this study assesses future EHT changes across China at five specific global warming thresholds(1.5℃-5℃).The results indicate that global mean temperature will increase by 1.5℃/2℃ before 2030/2050 relative to pre-industrial levels(1861-1900)under three future scenarios(SSP1-2.6,SSP2-4.5,and SSP5-8.5),and warming will occur faster under SSP5-8.5 compared to SSP1-2.6 and SSP2-4.5.Under SSP5-8.5,global warming will eventually exceed 5℃ by 2100,while under SSP1-2.6,it will stabilize around 2℃ after 2050.In China,most of the areas where warming exceeds global average levels will be located in Tibet and northern China(Northwest China,North China and Northeast China),covering 50%-70%of the country.Furthermore,about 0.19-0.44 billion people(accounting for 16%-41%of the national population)will experience warming above the global average.Compared to present-day(1995-2014),the warmest day(TXx)will increase most notably in northern China,while the number of warm days(TX90p)and warm spell duration indicator(WSDI)will increase most profoundly in southern China.For example,relative to the present-day,TXx will increase by 1℃-5℃ in northern China,and TX90p(WSDI)will increase by 25-150(10-80)days in southern China at 1.5℃-5℃ global warming.Compared to 2℃-5℃,limiting global warming to 1.5℃ will help avoid about 36%-87%of the EHT increases in China.

Tectono-Sedimentary History of Southeastern Coast Region,China:a Synthesis

According to the ideas and concepts of systems dynamic of continent structure, using previous information related to the study area, combining analyses on orogenic belt, basin and magmatic rock, the present paper synthesizes the tectono - sedimentary development of southeastern coast region, China, with special emphasis on the mountain making, basining and magmatic activity. The tectonic evolution after Late Caledonian orogeny was dominated by alternating rifting and converging, subsiding and uplifting, mountain making and basining in central and southern parts of southeastern China and the adjacent regions to the east and west. Seventeen geologic events , nine events of plate or terrain convergence , and continental crust accretion , as well as eight events of intracontinental rifting and basin faulting , are closely related to the tectonic and sedimentary evolution of the study area . The accompanied intense and frequent sedimentation , folding , faulting , magmatism and ore- forming process allowed huge coal , multimetal and potential petroleum source rocks to form in local depressions throughout the Caledonian to Himalavan time .

The 30–60-day Intraseasonal Variability of Sea Surface Temperature in the South China Sea during May–September

This study investigates the structure and propagation of intraseasonal sea surface temperature（SST） variability in the South China Sea（SCS） on the 30-60-day timescale during boreal summer（May-September）. TRMM-based SST, GODAS oceanic reanalysis and ERA-Interim atmospheric reanalysis datasets from 1998 to 2013 are used to examine quantitatively the atmospheric thermodynamic and oceanic dynamic mechanisms responsible for its formation. Power spectra show that the 30-60-day SST variability is predominant, accounting for 60% of the variance of the 10-90-day variability over most of the SCS. Composite analyses demonstrate that the 30-60-day SST variability is characterized by the alternate occurrence of basin-wide positive and negative SST anomalies in the SCS, with positive（negative） SST anomalies accompanied by anomalous northeasterlies（southwesterlies）. The transition and expansion of SST anomalies are driven by the monsoonal trough-ridge seesaw pattern that migrates northward from the equator to the northern SCS. Quantitative diagnosis of the composite mixed-layer heat budgets shows that, within a strong 30-60-day cycle, the atmospheric thermal forcing is indeed a dominant factor, with the mixed-layer net heat flux（MNHF） contributing around 60% of the total SST tendency, while vertical entrainment contributes more than 30%. However, the entrainment-induced SST tendency is sometimes as large as the MNHF-induced component, implying that ocean processes are sometimes as important as surface fluxes in generating the30-60-day SST variability in the SCS.

Prevalence and Years Lived with Disability for Dental Caries among Children Aged 0-14 Years in China, 1990-2016

The estimate of dental caries among Chinese children at the microscale level using standard methodology remains unclear. In this study, we assessed and analyzed the disease burden of childhood dental caries in China by extracting data from the Global Burden of Disease, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study 2016 （GBD 2016）. In 2016, the number of cases, prevalence, years lived with disability （YLD）, and age-standardized YLD rate of dental caries was 93.0 million, 43.0%, 32,200 person years, and 14.8 per 100,000, respectively. Across 33 provincial units, the disease burden was highest in Hubei （YLD rate 28.6 per 100,000）, lowest in Macao （9.1 per 100,000）, while geographical clustering was not observed. Compared with 1990, the prevalence in 2016 decreased from 46.8% to 43.0%, and the YLD rate decreased from 16.5 per 100,000 to 14.8 per 100,000. Given the slight decrease in dental caries burden, the prevalence and disease burden remained high among Chinese children. Strategies for addressing the spatial inequity of childhood dental caries require geographical targeting.

A comparative study of organic agriculture development between China and South Korea

Human activities including modern agriculture have caused environmental pollution, so people begin to pay attentton to safe food. As a result, organic agriculture has emerged. Organic agriculture in South Korea （hereinafter referred as Korea） and China has developed rapidly since the appearance of organic agriculture in 1970s and 1980s respectively. Organic agriculture in China and Korea has developed steadily through agricultural support policies, certification management, institutions construction etc. In the development of organtc agriculture, China and Korea are now facing some technical and extension problems. In general however the development of organic agriculture in China lags behind Korea. China can learn from the experience about the development of organic agriculture in Korea to solve contradiction between development of organic agriculture and food safety, to strengthen the organic food certification, to introduce a system of agricultural direct payment and other positive measures, thus will guarantee steady and healthy development of organic agriculture in China.

Intact Polar and Core Tetraether Lipids in Sediments from the Haiyang 4 Cold-seep of the Northern South China Sea and their Implications

A number of cold seeps have been discovered in the northern South China Sea(SCS) including the Haiyang 4 cold-seep area where Core 973-5 was collected. Intact polar lipids(IPLs) and core lipids(CLs) were analyzed separately in sediments from Core 973-5. The most abundant lipid biomarkers were isoprenoidal GDGTs(iso GDGTs), with Crenarchaeol and GDGT-0 predominating. IPL-iso GDGTs and CL-iso GDGTs were mainly derived from Thaumarchaeota. IPL-iso GDGTs were mainly produced and retained in situ thus containing most of the in situ microbiological information. Branched GDGTs were predominantly derived from generated in marine production, and mixed with some terrestrial inputs. All IPLs groups presented a high value in the sulfate-methane transition zone(SMTZ). Furthermore, IPL and CL-MI, IPL-R;showed the highest values within the SMTZ, while IPL and CL-R;had the lowest values at the SMTZ, suggesting that the contribution of Methanophila and methanogenic to GDGTs increased, while the contribution of ammonia-oxidizing Archaea to GDGTs decreased at the SMTZ.

Antimicrobial Resistance,Virulence Profile,and Molecular Characterization of Listeria monocytogenes Isolated from Ready-to-eat Food in China,2013-2014

We aimed to investigate the potential pathogenic profile and antibiotic resistance of Listeria monocytogenes isolated from ready-to-eat food in China.Antimicrobial resistance was determined by broth microdilution following the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute protocol Molecular serotyping,virulence,and resistance genes were identified using PCR.Multi-locus

Reconstruction of Sub-Decadal Winter Half-Year Temperature during 1651-2010 for the North China Plain Using Records of Frost Date

We extracted 374 pieces of records of frost date from historical documents. Using these records, we reconstructed winter half-year (October to next April) temperature series, with a resolution of 5-year, for the North China Plain during 1651-2010. The results show that the temperature changes in the North China Plain were divided into four phases. With the reference period of 1951-1980, two cold phases, 1651-1700 and 1781-1900, have cold anomaly of 0.83°C and 0.60°C respectively. However, between the two cold phases, 1701-1780 was a relative warm phase with the cold anomaly of 0.36°C referring to the mean of 1951-1980. After the 1900, the climate came into a warm phase. The mean temperature of 1901-2010 was 0.11°C higher than the mean of 1951-1980. During 1651-2010, the 1996-2000 is the warmest 5-year with the warm anomaly of 1.25°C than that of the reference period of 1951-1980.

Comparative Study on Efficiency of the Seaports in China and Korea

The efficiency of the seaport has been variously studied utilizing either data envelopment analysis( DEA) or stochastic Frontier analysis( SFA). Given the strengths and weaknesses associated with these two approaches, applying both models to compute efficiency estimates for the 11 seaports of the China and Korea from 2012-2016 and comparing the results obtained. Main finding facts of this paper are as follows:( i) there are some differences among relative efficiency levels,but almost no differences among efficiency ranks in DEA and SFA results.( ii) The tendency of VRS is stronger in Chinese coastal seaports during the past several years.( iii) The values among seaports in SFA model are relatively smaller than those in the DEA models. The results show that the efficiency of major seaports in Korea is far lower than that of ports in China.

Genetic Relationship of the 1780-1760 Ma Dykes and the Coeval Volcanics in the Lvliang Area, North China

The 1780-1760 Ma Taihang dyke swarm and the coeval Xiong’er volcanic province are the most widespread magmatic events occurring post the amalgamation of the two North China cratons.It has been debated whether

A Study on Ginseng Price Fluctuations in China and South Korea

China and South Korea are the main producers and exporters of ginseng. This paper mainly discusses the characteristics of ginseng price fluctuations in China and South Korea. As people continue to understand the concept of homology of medicine and food,there is still an increasing international demand for ginseng,and the favorable market can be expected.

Factors associated with the nurses’intent to stay in China,Japan,and Korea:an integrative review

Objective:Nurse’s dimission and attrition are globally considered as a public health issue.However,few studies have focused on the nurse shortage from the perspective of intent to stay,as previous studies have focused only on why they left.The purpose of this study was to conduct an integrative review of the factors connected with why nurses in China,Japan,and Korea stay in their current workplace.Methods:The review was done using three databases namely CNKI,Wanfang,and Web of science.The relevant studies published by Chinese,Japanese,and Koreans from 2010 were also included in this review.Literature screening and data extraction were performed by the two researchers,and the qualitative research methods were used for analysis.Results:A total of 17 studies were analyzed in this review and of these two were qualitative and 15 were quantitative.Three themes and six sub-themes emerged from the synthesization of the data of 17 studies,which will help us to find the factors for nurses’intent to stay.The three aspects such as professional characteristics,nurses’individual characteristics,and organizational factors are the main contributing factors of nurses’intent to stay.Conclusions:This integrated review has thrown some important factors about nurses’intent to stay.It is increasingly clear that when(1)nurses have a good professional status,(2)nurses could enjoy a good working relationship,(3)the workplace could meet the needs of personal development,and(4)nurses have good organizational support and excellent leaders,they are inclined to stay in their current jobs.Managers need to adopt targeted measures to improve nurses’intent to stay and to provide a practical reference for health care institutions and managers in different countries and areas to increase the retention rate of nurses and to alleviate the current situation of nurse shortage.

Multi-fractal Behaviors of Relative Humidity over China

The multi-fractal ity over China are studied behaviors of relative humid using the multi-fractal de trended fluctuation analysis （DFA） method. Three multi fractal parameters （the spectrum width Aa, the asymmetry Aaas, and the long-range correlation exponent a0） of the singularity spectrum are introduced to quantify the multi-fractal behaviors. The results show that multi-frac tality exists in daily humidity records over most stations in China and is mainly due to the broad distribution of the probability density of the sequence values. Strong multi fractal behaviors over some stations in the Yunnan, Guangdong, and Inner Mongolia provinces are obvious. These behaviors are mainly caused by different long range correlations between large and small fluctuations. The asymmetry of the singularity of relative humidity records is weak, except for a small number of stations in the far east and west of China, where the singularity spec trum is left-skewed. Finally, the long-range correlations in North China are stronger than those in South China, which indicates better predictability in North China. By studying the parameters of the multi-fractal spectrum, various data of long-range power law correlations of the relative humidity records are obtained, which may pro vide theoretical support for climate prediction.