This paper delves into the intricate interplay between artificial intelligence(AI)systems and the perpetuation of Anti-Black racism within the United States medical industry.Despite the promising potential of AI to en...This paper delves into the intricate interplay between artificial intelligence(AI)systems and the perpetuation of Anti-Black racism within the United States medical industry.Despite the promising potential of AI to enhance healthcare outcomes and reduce disparities,there is a growing concern that these technologies may inadvertently/advertently exacerbate existing racial inequalities.Focusing specifically on the experiences of Black patients,this research investigates how the following AI components:medical algorithms,machine learning,and natural learning processes are contributing to the unequal distribution of medical resources,diagnosis,and health care treatment of those classified as Black.Furthermore,this review employs a multidisciplinary approach,combining insights from computer science,medical ethics,and social justice theory to analyze the mechanisms through which AI systems may encode and reinforce racial biases.By dissecting the three primary components of AI,this paper aims to present a clear understanding of how these technologies work,how they intersect,and how they may inherently perpetuate harmful stereotypes resulting in negligent outcomes for Black patients.Furthermore,this paper explores the ethical implications of deploying AI in healthcare settings and calls for increased transparency,accountability,and diversity in the development and implementation of these technologies.Finally,it is important that I prefer the following paper with a clear and concise definition of what I refer to as Anti-Black racism throughout the text.Therefore,I assert the following:Anti-Black racism refers to prejudice,discrimination,or antagonism directed against individuals or communities of African descent based on their race.It involves the belief in the inherent superiority of one race over another and the systemic and institutional practices that perpetuate inequality and disadvantage for Black people.Furthermore,I proclaim that this form of racism can be manifested in various ways,such as unequal access to opportunities,resources,education,employment,and fair treatment within social,economic,and political systems.It is also pertinent to acknowledge that Anti-Black racism is deeply rooted in historical and societal structures throughout the U.S.borders and beyond,leading to systemic disadvantages and disparities that impact the well-being and life chances of Black individuals and communities.Addressing Anti-Black racism involves recognizing and challenging both individual attitudes and systemic structures that contribute to discrimination and inequality.Efforts to combat Anti-Black racism include promoting awareness,education,advocacy for policy changes,and fostering a culture of inclusivity and equality.展开更多
For centuries,educators and psychologists have advocated“play”as the ideal activity for the development of young children.Actually,play has been found currently to be the central pedagogy in the learning of young ch...For centuries,educators and psychologists have advocated“play”as the ideal activity for the development of young children.Actually,play has been found currently to be the central pedagogy in the learning of young children in 21 countries in the world.However,the quality of play-based pedagogy is becoming a key concern across countries.Scholars found that play is either too loosely framed to result in children’s optimal development;or it is too“teacherly”and looses the essence of play.The recent report released by OECD highlighted its concern about play in early childhood education and,urged international researchers and educators to make efforts to bridge the gap.Hong Kong is not an exception on the issue of play enactment.Though resources have been put in for the professional upgrading of early education teachers in the last two decades,the learning and teaching style is still didactic and there appears to be a misinterpretation of play-based pedagogy.The present paper attempts to explore the issue through early childhood teachers’conceptualization of“learning and teaching through play”with the aim of understanding the problem and shedding light for better ways to prepare teachers in this sector.展开更多
This paper considers perceptions of children’s learning and classroom practice to support learning in the Pakistani early years educational context.In Pakistan,there is a growing focus on quality provision of early c...This paper considers perceptions of children’s learning and classroom practice to support learning in the Pakistani early years educational context.In Pakistan,there is a growing focus on quality provision of early childhood education and building early childhood education teacher capacity.Over the course of one academic year,data were collected from kindergarten teachers in a Pakistani urban school through interviews and classroom observations as part of a larger study.Findings presented in this paper are based on the interview data of two teachers in the sample,a novice and an experienced teacher.Data analysis examined their perceptions of kindergarten children’s learning and of their practice to support kindergarten children’s learning,taking into consideration the gender perspective.The results showed tensions in the teachers’perceptions which contrasted between a constructivist approach and a teacher-directed skills approach.Perceptions of their practice reflected a formal,teacher-directed approach rather than a constructivist approach and a teacher-directed skills approach to teaching.Several factors,including deep-rooted perceptions as well as curriculum structure,time,number of staff and resources,contributed to this.展开更多
乔布斯去世前曾提出一个深刻的质疑:"为什么IT改变了几乎所有的领域,却唯独对教育的影响小得令人吃惊?"因此,本文将此称之为"乔布斯之问",对其进行了深刻的个体心理与文化战略解读,并以此问题为主线,对近两年来席...乔布斯去世前曾提出一个深刻的质疑:"为什么IT改变了几乎所有的领域,却唯独对教育的影响小得令人吃惊?"因此,本文将此称之为"乔布斯之问",对其进行了深刻的个体心理与文化战略解读,并以此问题为主线,对近两年来席卷全球,被称之为MOOCs(Massive Open Online Courses)的大规模开放在线课程新潮流进行了现实考察、理论探究、未来展望和跨文化沉思。论文认为,这是21世纪教育冲破"机械灌输+标准化考试"的"工业流水线"人才培养模式,引发学习方式变革的攻坚战。这场变革目前正在集聚智慧和能量、酝酿重大突破。文章对MOOCs潮流中的麻省理工学院与哈佛大学联手发起的edX、以斯坦福大学为背景的Udacity和Coursera这三大典型分别进行了个案剖析,从宏观战略视角提出了新一代网络课程深化发展必须破解的三大难题,并在操作层面从教学模式、评价模式、运维体制、校内外结合四大关键环节探讨了破解的成功之道,揭示出成功的关键在于能否实现三种智慧(学习智慧、IT智慧、商业智慧)的内在结合。论文最后对"乔布斯之问"展开了更深层次的跨文化沉思,揭示了名牌大学优秀课程作为一种重要的文化战略资源在国际互联网新时空中的传播,是世界不同文化的竞争博弈,是21世纪人类文明发展在碰撞、交流、理解、沟通中走向相互尊重、和谐共赢的一条希望之路。展开更多
文摘This paper delves into the intricate interplay between artificial intelligence(AI)systems and the perpetuation of Anti-Black racism within the United States medical industry.Despite the promising potential of AI to enhance healthcare outcomes and reduce disparities,there is a growing concern that these technologies may inadvertently/advertently exacerbate existing racial inequalities.Focusing specifically on the experiences of Black patients,this research investigates how the following AI components:medical algorithms,machine learning,and natural learning processes are contributing to the unequal distribution of medical resources,diagnosis,and health care treatment of those classified as Black.Furthermore,this review employs a multidisciplinary approach,combining insights from computer science,medical ethics,and social justice theory to analyze the mechanisms through which AI systems may encode and reinforce racial biases.By dissecting the three primary components of AI,this paper aims to present a clear understanding of how these technologies work,how they intersect,and how they may inherently perpetuate harmful stereotypes resulting in negligent outcomes for Black patients.Furthermore,this paper explores the ethical implications of deploying AI in healthcare settings and calls for increased transparency,accountability,and diversity in the development and implementation of these technologies.Finally,it is important that I prefer the following paper with a clear and concise definition of what I refer to as Anti-Black racism throughout the text.Therefore,I assert the following:Anti-Black racism refers to prejudice,discrimination,or antagonism directed against individuals or communities of African descent based on their race.It involves the belief in the inherent superiority of one race over another and the systemic and institutional practices that perpetuate inequality and disadvantage for Black people.Furthermore,I proclaim that this form of racism can be manifested in various ways,such as unequal access to opportunities,resources,education,employment,and fair treatment within social,economic,and political systems.It is also pertinent to acknowledge that Anti-Black racism is deeply rooted in historical and societal structures throughout the U.S.borders and beyond,leading to systemic disadvantages and disparities that impact the well-being and life chances of Black individuals and communities.Addressing Anti-Black racism involves recognizing and challenging both individual attitudes and systemic structures that contribute to discrimination and inequality.Efforts to combat Anti-Black racism include promoting awareness,education,advocacy for policy changes,and fostering a culture of inclusivity and equality.
文摘For centuries,educators and psychologists have advocated“play”as the ideal activity for the development of young children.Actually,play has been found currently to be the central pedagogy in the learning of young children in 21 countries in the world.However,the quality of play-based pedagogy is becoming a key concern across countries.Scholars found that play is either too loosely framed to result in children’s optimal development;or it is too“teacherly”and looses the essence of play.The recent report released by OECD highlighted its concern about play in early childhood education and,urged international researchers and educators to make efforts to bridge the gap.Hong Kong is not an exception on the issue of play enactment.Though resources have been put in for the professional upgrading of early education teachers in the last two decades,the learning and teaching style is still didactic and there appears to be a misinterpretation of play-based pedagogy.The present paper attempts to explore the issue through early childhood teachers’conceptualization of“learning and teaching through play”with the aim of understanding the problem and shedding light for better ways to prepare teachers in this sector.
文摘This paper considers perceptions of children’s learning and classroom practice to support learning in the Pakistani early years educational context.In Pakistan,there is a growing focus on quality provision of early childhood education and building early childhood education teacher capacity.Over the course of one academic year,data were collected from kindergarten teachers in a Pakistani urban school through interviews and classroom observations as part of a larger study.Findings presented in this paper are based on the interview data of two teachers in the sample,a novice and an experienced teacher.Data analysis examined their perceptions of kindergarten children’s learning and of their practice to support kindergarten children’s learning,taking into consideration the gender perspective.The results showed tensions in the teachers’perceptions which contrasted between a constructivist approach and a teacher-directed skills approach.Perceptions of their practice reflected a formal,teacher-directed approach rather than a constructivist approach and a teacher-directed skills approach to teaching.Several factors,including deep-rooted perceptions as well as curriculum structure,time,number of staff and resources,contributed to this.
文摘乔布斯去世前曾提出一个深刻的质疑:"为什么IT改变了几乎所有的领域,却唯独对教育的影响小得令人吃惊?"因此,本文将此称之为"乔布斯之问",对其进行了深刻的个体心理与文化战略解读,并以此问题为主线,对近两年来席卷全球,被称之为MOOCs(Massive Open Online Courses)的大规模开放在线课程新潮流进行了现实考察、理论探究、未来展望和跨文化沉思。论文认为,这是21世纪教育冲破"机械灌输+标准化考试"的"工业流水线"人才培养模式,引发学习方式变革的攻坚战。这场变革目前正在集聚智慧和能量、酝酿重大突破。文章对MOOCs潮流中的麻省理工学院与哈佛大学联手发起的edX、以斯坦福大学为背景的Udacity和Coursera这三大典型分别进行了个案剖析,从宏观战略视角提出了新一代网络课程深化发展必须破解的三大难题,并在操作层面从教学模式、评价模式、运维体制、校内外结合四大关键环节探讨了破解的成功之道,揭示出成功的关键在于能否实现三种智慧(学习智慧、IT智慧、商业智慧)的内在结合。论文最后对"乔布斯之问"展开了更深层次的跨文化沉思,揭示了名牌大学优秀课程作为一种重要的文化战略资源在国际互联网新时空中的传播,是世界不同文化的竞争博弈,是21世纪人类文明发展在碰撞、交流、理解、沟通中走向相互尊重、和谐共赢的一条希望之路。
