Guided by the ternary leadership theory from the perspective of social psychology,this paper explores the impacts of authoritarian,benevolent,and moral leadership on the top design of the Grand Canal of China in terms...Guided by the ternary leadership theory from the perspective of social psychology,this paper explores the impacts of authoritarian,benevolent,and moral leadership on the top design of the Grand Canal of China in terms of its water management practice,while providing reference for resolving the“Matteo Ricci Puzzle”.The research findings are threefold:first,authoritarian as it is,the central government of China formulates relevant laws and regulations to provide legal system insurance for the construction of the Grand Canal Cultural Belt,thus providing the blueprint for constructing the“bright cultural belt,green ecological belt and colorful tourism belt of the Grand Canal”.Second,led by the Central Government,sticking to benevolent and moral leadership,China advocates scientific water management concepts and methods,and gives long-term and comprehensive care to the well-being of the people along the banks of the Grand Canal.Finally,the top-level design of the Grand Canal of China is based on the ternary leadership theory rooted in social psychology and has formulated a set of properly-scheduled,reasonably-coordinated,and flexibly-operated management system for the fundamental interests of the people and long-term goals of the country.展开更多
According to Kripke, traditional approaches to presupposition and anaphora do not work in some compound sentences because traditionally, they have been thought to assign presuppositions to each clause in isolation. I ...According to Kripke, traditional approaches to presupposition and anaphora do not work in some compound sentences because traditionally, they have been thought to assign presuppositions to each clause in isolation. I agree with this criticism, but also think that context is required in order to determine the presupposition included in a complex sentence. To show the context role in fixing the utterance truth-conditions in those cases, this paper introduces the Kripkean anaphoric account on presuppositions （section 2）, and then criticizes this approach because it is very restrictive （section 3）. The paper concludes that to solve those difficulties, one should appeal to a two-dimensional framework, including a new parameter that focuses on the sentence according to the concrete features of the context： the speaker＇s point of view （section 4）.展开更多
The quantum mechanics of bound states with discrete energy levels is well understood. The quantum mechanics of scattering processes is also well understood. However, the quantum mechanics of moving bound states is sti...The quantum mechanics of bound states with discrete energy levels is well understood. The quantum mechanics of scattering processes is also well understood. However, the quantum mechanics of moving bound states is still debatable. When it is at rest, the space-like separation between the constituent particles is the primary variable. When the bound state moves, this space-like separation picks up the time-like separation. The time-separation is not a measurable variable in the present form of quantum mechanics. The only way to deal with this un-observable variable is to treat it statistically. This leads to rise of the statistical variables such entropy and temperature. Paul A. M. Dirac made efforts to construct bound-state wave functions in Einstein’s Lorentz-covariant world. In 1927, he noted that the c-number time-energy relation should be incorporated in the relativistic world. In 1945, he constructed four-dimensional oscillator wave functions with one time coordinate in addition to the three-dimensional space. In 1949, Dirac introduced the light-cone coordinate system for Lorentz transformations. It is then possible to integrate these contributions made by Dirac to construct the Lorentz-covariant harmonic oscillator wave functions. This oscillator system can explain the proton as a bound state of the quarks when it is at rest, and explain the Feynman’s parton picture when it moves with a speed close to that of light. While the un-measurable time-like separation becomes equal to the space-like separation at this speed, the statistical variables become prominent. The entropy and the temperature of this covariant harmonic oscillator are calculated. It is shown that they rise rapidly as the proton speed approaches that of light.展开更多
The aim of this paper is to defend Searle＇s view on the semantic role that descriptions associated with proper names play in real contexts. Through an analysis of Kripke＇s critique of Searle＇s views, I reach the co...The aim of this paper is to defend Searle＇s view on the semantic role that descriptions associated with proper names play in real contexts. Through an analysis of Kripke＇s critique of Searle＇s views, I reach the conclusion that Kripke;s criticism is based upon a misinterpretation of Searle＇s ideas. Searle tried to answer the question ＂what is the object named as such？＂ That is different from the question that Kripke attributed to the descriptivists, i.e. ＂what are the necessary criteria to identify the referent of a name in every possible world？＂ I think Searle＇s question is also a question that Kripke＇s Causal Theory of Names has to answer, i.e. how a name transmits through a linguistic community.展开更多
Semantic relationism is a methodology proposed by Kit Fine for solving the antinomy of variables. Fine proposed the relational semantics for first-order logic, which can be used to solve Frege＇s puzzle of names. In t...Semantic relationism is a methodology proposed by Kit Fine for solving the antinomy of variables. Fine proposed the relational semantics for first-order logic, which can be used to solve Frege＇s puzzle of names. In this paper, I generalize Frege＇s puzzle to other linguistic expressions, including definite descriptions, predicates, quantifiers and modalities. I then apply Fine＇s semantic relationistic approach to these puzzles.展开更多
基金the research funding from the National Planning Office of Philosophy and Social Science Grant of P.R.China(18BGJ086).
文摘Guided by the ternary leadership theory from the perspective of social psychology,this paper explores the impacts of authoritarian,benevolent,and moral leadership on the top design of the Grand Canal of China in terms of its water management practice,while providing reference for resolving the“Matteo Ricci Puzzle”.The research findings are threefold:first,authoritarian as it is,the central government of China formulates relevant laws and regulations to provide legal system insurance for the construction of the Grand Canal Cultural Belt,thus providing the blueprint for constructing the“bright cultural belt,green ecological belt and colorful tourism belt of the Grand Canal”.Second,led by the Central Government,sticking to benevolent and moral leadership,China advocates scientific water management concepts and methods,and gives long-term and comprehensive care to the well-being of the people along the banks of the Grand Canal.Finally,the top-level design of the Grand Canal of China is based on the ternary leadership theory rooted in social psychology and has formulated a set of properly-scheduled,reasonably-coordinated,and flexibly-operated management system for the fundamental interests of the people and long-term goals of the country.
文摘According to Kripke, traditional approaches to presupposition and anaphora do not work in some compound sentences because traditionally, they have been thought to assign presuppositions to each clause in isolation. I agree with this criticism, but also think that context is required in order to determine the presupposition included in a complex sentence. To show the context role in fixing the utterance truth-conditions in those cases, this paper introduces the Kripkean anaphoric account on presuppositions （section 2）, and then criticizes this approach because it is very restrictive （section 3）. The paper concludes that to solve those difficulties, one should appeal to a two-dimensional framework, including a new parameter that focuses on the sentence according to the concrete features of the context： the speaker＇s point of view （section 4）.
文摘The quantum mechanics of bound states with discrete energy levels is well understood. The quantum mechanics of scattering processes is also well understood. However, the quantum mechanics of moving bound states is still debatable. When it is at rest, the space-like separation between the constituent particles is the primary variable. When the bound state moves, this space-like separation picks up the time-like separation. The time-separation is not a measurable variable in the present form of quantum mechanics. The only way to deal with this un-observable variable is to treat it statistically. This leads to rise of the statistical variables such entropy and temperature. Paul A. M. Dirac made efforts to construct bound-state wave functions in Einstein’s Lorentz-covariant world. In 1927, he noted that the c-number time-energy relation should be incorporated in the relativistic world. In 1945, he constructed four-dimensional oscillator wave functions with one time coordinate in addition to the three-dimensional space. In 1949, Dirac introduced the light-cone coordinate system for Lorentz transformations. It is then possible to integrate these contributions made by Dirac to construct the Lorentz-covariant harmonic oscillator wave functions. This oscillator system can explain the proton as a bound state of the quarks when it is at rest, and explain the Feynman’s parton picture when it moves with a speed close to that of light. While the un-measurable time-like separation becomes equal to the space-like separation at this speed, the statistical variables become prominent. The entropy and the temperature of this covariant harmonic oscillator are calculated. It is shown that they rise rapidly as the proton speed approaches that of light.
文摘The aim of this paper is to defend Searle＇s view on the semantic role that descriptions associated with proper names play in real contexts. Through an analysis of Kripke＇s critique of Searle＇s views, I reach the conclusion that Kripke;s criticism is based upon a misinterpretation of Searle＇s ideas. Searle tried to answer the question ＂what is the object named as such？＂ That is different from the question that Kripke attributed to the descriptivists, i.e. ＂what are the necessary criteria to identify the referent of a name in every possible world？＂ I think Searle＇s question is also a question that Kripke＇s Causal Theory of Names has to answer, i.e. how a name transmits through a linguistic community.
文摘Semantic relationism is a methodology proposed by Kit Fine for solving the antinomy of variables. Fine proposed the relational semantics for first-order logic, which can be used to solve Frege＇s puzzle of names. In this paper, I generalize Frege＇s puzzle to other linguistic expressions, including definite descriptions, predicates, quantifiers and modalities. I then apply Fine＇s semantic relationistic approach to these puzzles.
