Background:Kyasanur Forest disease(KFD)is a febrile illness characterized by hemorrhages,and is reported endemic in the Shimoga district in Karnataka state,India.It is caused by the KFD virus(KFDV)of the family Flaviv...Background:Kyasanur Forest disease(KFD)is a febrile illness characterized by hemorrhages,and is reported endemic in the Shimoga district in Karnataka state,India.It is caused by the KFD virus(KFDV)of the family Flaviviridae,and is transmitted to monkeys and humans by Haemaphysalis ticks.Findings:We investigated a new focus of KFD among tribals in a reserve forest in Kerala state,India.A suspected case was defined as a person presenting with acute fever,headache,or myalgia.Human sera were collected and tested for KFDV RNA by real-time RT-PCR,RT-nPCR assay,and anti-KFDV IgM and IgG by ELISA.The index case was a tribal woman with febrile illness,severe myalgia,gum bleeding,and hematemesis.Anti-KFDV IgM antibody was detected in acute and convalescent sera of the index case along with IgG in the second serum.None of her family members reported fever.On verbal autopsy,two more fatal cases were identified as probable primary cases.Acute serum from a case in the second cluster was detected positive for KFDV RNA by real time RT-PCR(Ct=32)and RT-nPCR.Sequences of E gene showed highest similarity of 98.0%with the KFDV W-377 isolate nucleotide and 100%identity with amino acid.Anti-KFDV IgM was detected in the serum of one family member of the index case,as well as in one out of 17 other tribals.Conclusions:We confirmed a new focus of KFDV activity among tribals in a reserve forest in the Malappuram district of Kerala,India.展开更多
Kyasanur Forest disease(KFD),a tick-borne viral hemorrhagic fever,is endemic in five districts of Karnataka state,India.Recent reports of the spread of disease to neighboring districts of the Western Ghats,namely Cham...Kyasanur Forest disease(KFD),a tick-borne viral hemorrhagic fever,is endemic in five districts of Karnataka state,India.Recent reports of the spread of disease to neighboring districts of the Western Ghats,namely Chamarajanagar district in Karnataka,Nilgiri district in Tamil Nadu,Wayanad and Malappuram districts in Kerala,and Pali village in Goa are a cause for concern.Besides vaccination of the affected population,establishing an event-based surveillance system for monkey deaths in the national parks,wildlife sanctuaries and reserve forests of the Western Ghats would help detect the disease early and thereby help implement appropriate control measures.展开更多
基金The authors would like to thank the district health authorities in Malappuram for their initiative and support of the field investigations.We also thank the staff of the Malappuram medical office,forest guards,security personnel,and for the technical support provided by the staff of the Kerala Unit and Maximum Containment Laboratory at the National Institute of Virology(NIV)Pune,India.We acknowledge the financial support provided by the Indian Council of Medical Research(ICMR),New Delhi,India.
文摘Background:Kyasanur Forest disease(KFD)is a febrile illness characterized by hemorrhages,and is reported endemic in the Shimoga district in Karnataka state,India.It is caused by the KFD virus(KFDV)of the family Flaviviridae,and is transmitted to monkeys and humans by Haemaphysalis ticks.Findings:We investigated a new focus of KFD among tribals in a reserve forest in Kerala state,India.A suspected case was defined as a person presenting with acute fever,headache,or myalgia.Human sera were collected and tested for KFDV RNA by real-time RT-PCR,RT-nPCR assay,and anti-KFDV IgM and IgG by ELISA.The index case was a tribal woman with febrile illness,severe myalgia,gum bleeding,and hematemesis.Anti-KFDV IgM antibody was detected in acute and convalescent sera of the index case along with IgG in the second serum.None of her family members reported fever.On verbal autopsy,two more fatal cases were identified as probable primary cases.Acute serum from a case in the second cluster was detected positive for KFDV RNA by real time RT-PCR(Ct=32)and RT-nPCR.Sequences of E gene showed highest similarity of 98.0%with the KFDV W-377 isolate nucleotide and 100%identity with amino acid.Anti-KFDV IgM was detected in the serum of one family member of the index case,as well as in one out of 17 other tribals.Conclusions:We confirmed a new focus of KFDV activity among tribals in a reserve forest in the Malappuram district of Kerala,India.
文摘Kyasanur Forest disease(KFD),a tick-borne viral hemorrhagic fever,is endemic in five districts of Karnataka state,India.Recent reports of the spread of disease to neighboring districts of the Western Ghats,namely Chamarajanagar district in Karnataka,Nilgiri district in Tamil Nadu,Wayanad and Malappuram districts in Kerala,and Pali village in Goa are a cause for concern.Besides vaccination of the affected population,establishing an event-based surveillance system for monkey deaths in the national parks,wildlife sanctuaries and reserve forests of the Western Ghats would help detect the disease early and thereby help implement appropriate control measures.
