基于自由曲面和L-system的红掌生长模型

针对红掌花卉生长可视化中参数难以确定的问题进行研究,提出推导控制点的方法,建立红掌器官模型:采用Bezier曲线结合扫描成型的方法来构造叶柄模型,采用双三次NURBS曲线对佛焰苞进行建模;运用红掌的相关表型数据拟合生长函数,提出基于红掌生长规律的微分L-system,可有效模拟红掌的拓扑结构和生长过程;通过虚拟器官表示红掌器官的几何属性,降低微分L-system的复杂度。试验验证提出的方法对红掌各项生长指标拟合度可达0.89以上,并可对每个生长阶段的红掌进行模拟,能有效地对红掌的生长过程进行建模。

L-半胱氨酸对揭竹过程中腐竹品质的影响

在腐竹制作过程中添加不同浓度的L-半胱氨酸,替代亚硫酸盐类漂白剂用于改善腐竹色泽,并进一步研究其对揭竹过程中腐竹的成膜速率、产率、蒸煮损失率、机械特性、营养组成及感官品质的影响,为传统豆制品腐竹的质量提高和科学化生产提供理论依据。结果表明,L-半胱氨酸添加量为0.05%时腐竹的成膜速率及总产率最高,蒸煮损失率较小。添加量0.25%时,腐竹的L*值最大、机械特性以及感官得分最高,同时可以显著提高腐竹的成膜速率及产率。

Blood Microbiota and Cancer: Cell Wall-Deficient L-Forms of Bacteria and Fungi as Cancer-Promoting Environment

In recent years, valuable experience and insights have been gained into L-forms (cell-wall-deficient variants) of bacteria and fungi and their disease-trigger potential in cases with chronic infections, autism spectrum disorders, autoimmune and neurodegenerative diseases. Based on the concept of “internal” blood microbiota, consisting of L-forms and its relevance to health and disease, the current study aims to outline the profile of dysbiotic disorders in three cancer patients (with endometrial cancer, breast cancer and acute myeloid leukemia), all in a phase before chemotherapy. Venous blood samples from the patients and from one control healthy person, were microbiologically studied. The used novel methodology of blood microbiota assessment was based on the following phases: isolation of L-forms, development and propagation, cultivation and conversion of L-forms into classical bacteria and fungi, as well as their identification with MALDI-TOF method. From the patients were isolated L-forms of opportunistic bacteria (Enterococcus faecalis, Esherichia coli, Enterobacter cloacae and Pseudomonas oryzihabitans) and fungi such as Rhodotorula mucilaginosa, Aspergillus fumigatus and Mucorales. In conclusion, the common feature found for the three cancer patients was the isolation from the blood of highly associated communities consisting of morphologically indistinguishable L-bodies, which through reversion in broth, were identified as distinct bacterial and fungal species. Unlike classic bacteria or fungi causing sepsis and bacteremia/fungemia, the presence of L-forms in blood is hidden, it does not demonstrate clinical signs nor it can be detected by conventional methods. It should be noted, however, that the dysbiotic blood microbiota shows unique and individual characteristics for the concrete cancer patient, correlates to the common state of the organism and tumor localization in the body, as well as it outlines the cancer promoting role of L-forms in processes of malignization, cancer genesis and progression.

Novel Approach to Microbiological Study of Chronic Inflammations at Upper Respiratory Tract: Research of Blood L-Form Microbiota

Background: The recognition of human blood microbiota, consisting of cell wall-deficient microbes (L-forms), is a major challenge today in the field of microbiology. There are accumulating data confirming the concept of “internal” blood L-form microbiota and its significance for health and diseases. Finding out whether the blood microbiota can be of diagnostic and prognostic importance for detection and evaluation of chronic infections anywhere in the body is a major objective. In the context of chronically infected upper respiratory tract (URT), the aim of the current study was to understand whether a local infection can be a source for entry of bacteria and fungi in the blood. Methods: Blood samples from six persons with chronic inflammations in URT diagnosed with hypertrophied adenoids, chronic sinusitis, nasal polyps, chronic naso-pharyngitis and one control healthy person were studied. Blood microbiota assessment methodology that be used, included three phases: 1) isolation of L-form cultures from blood-development and propagation;2) cultivation directed to conversion of L-forms into bacterial and fungal cultures;3) isolation of pure classical bacterial and fungal cultures and their identification by MALDI-TOF method. Results: From the patients were isolated L-forms of opportunistic bacteria (Streptococcus mitis, Roseomonas mucosa, Dermacoccus nishinomiyaensis, Enterococcus faecalis, Acinetobacter johnsonii, Pseudomonas putida, Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas luteola, Enterobacter cloacae) and fungi such as Rhodotorula mucilaginosa, Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus fumigatus and Mucorales. Conclusion: The novel innovative methodology for assessment of blood L-form microbiota was successfully applied for detection of microbes responsible for chronic infections at URT.

球空间中极小超曲面上L^(p)调和1-形式的有限性定理

设M^(m)(m≥3)是空间S^(m+1)中的完备定向非紧极小超曲面,考虑子流M^(m)上L^(p)调和1-形式的有限性问题.如果极小超曲面M^(m)存在一个紧致子集Ω使得MΩ是稳定的,则称M^(m)具有有限的指数.首先,在M^(m)有有限指数的假设条件下,应用Bochner公式、Sobolev不等式及截断函数和指标迭代的方法,证得:如果2≤p≤2m/m-1,则M^(m)上L^(p)调和1-形式空间的维数有限.其次,记A为超曲面M^(m)的第二基本形式,M^(m)的全曲率定义为第二基本形式的L2模.在M^(m)全曲率有正上界的假设条件下(特别地,该正上界的取值仅依赖于子流形M^(m)的维数m),利用截断函数法,得到了M^(m)上L^(p)调和1-形式的有限性定理.特别地,令p=2,可进一步得到,在极小超曲面M^(m)具有有限指数或全曲率有正上界的假设条件下,M^(m)仅有有限多个非抛物端.

Application of PCR-SSCP in detecting rpoB drug resistant gene polymorphism of M. tuberculosis L-form from pneumoconiosis patients with tuberculosis

Objective: To study the relationship between the polymorphism of drug resistant gene rpoB and drug resistance against rifampicin(RFP) of M. tuberculosis L-forms, and to evaluate its clinical application. Methods: A total of 52 clinical isolated strains of M. tuberculosis L-forms were collected. rpoB gene polymorphism was analyzed by polymerase chain reaction and single-strand conformation polymorphism (PCR-SSCP) and conventional antimicrobial susceptibility test (AST). Their results were compared. Results: AST results showed that 38 of 52 clinical isolated strains were drug resistance (73.08％),while PCR-SSCP indicated 65.38％ (32/52) rpoB gene polymorphism. There was no statistic significance(χ2= 2.4914) between the 2 methods. Conclusion:Combined the application of PCR-SSCP with AST in detecting rpoB drug resistant gene polymorphism of M. tuberculosis L-form from pneumoconiosis patients with tuberculosis may have advantages at earlier diagnosis and guidance of clinical medications.

Detecting katG Drug Resistant Genetic Mutation among pneumoconiosis patients complicated with tuberculosis in Mycobacterium tuberculosis L-forms by PCR-SSCP

Objective：To study the relationship between mutation in the katG gene and drug resistance of INH in Mycobacterium tuberculosis L-forms among patients of pneumoconiosis complicated with pulmonary tuberculosis, and to explore the clinical application of PCR-SSCP. Methods： A total of 52 clinical isolated strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis L-forms were collected. Mutation in the katG genes was detected by PCR-SSCP and traditional antimicrobial susceptibility test （AST）. Results： The results by AST showed that there were 40 persisters in 52 clinical isolated strains. The drug resistant rate was 76.92%（40/52）, and the gene mutation rate of katG was 57.70%（30/52）by PCR-SSCP, the difference was no quite significance （X^2 = 2.8507, P 〉 0.05）. The coincidence rate of two methods was 75.00% （30/40）. Conclusion： The detectionrate of katG resistant strains in Mycobacterium tuberculosis L-forms was high by PCR-SSCP. The combined application of PCR-SSCP and traditional antimicrobial susceptibility test can improve the detecting rate.

Detecting drug resistant genetic mutation among pneumoconiosis patients complicated with tuberculosis in Mycobacterium tuberculosis L-forms application of PCR-SSCP technique in Huainan mining district

Objective： To study the relationship between drug resistant genetic mutation and drug resistance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis L-form, discuss the internal relationship between drug resistances and drug-resistant related genes and explore the value of PCR- SSCP to clinical application. Methods： A total of 52 clinically isolated strains of tuberculosis L-form were collected among 97 pneumoconiosis patients complicated with tuberculosis. The gene mutations of katG, rpoB and rpsL were detected by PCR-SSCP, and the results were compared with those analyzed by traditional antimicrobial susceptibility test（AST）. Results： The gene muta- tion rates of katG, rpoB and rpsL by PCR-SSCP were respectively 57.70% （30/52）, 65.38% （32/52） and 40.38% （21/52）. The rate of reversion was 78.85%（41/52） and the result of drag-resistant genes was invariable. The results of AST showed that there were 40 （76.92%） multi-drug resistant strains in 52 clinically isolated strains. The number for three-drug resistant strain was 21 （40.38%） and that of two-drug resistant was 19（36.54%）, but only 12（23.08%） strains were one drug resistant. The rate of total drug-resistance was 100%, but there were 15 strains of allied mutation of three genes, 16 of two mutations and 6 of only one by PCR-SSCP. The coincidences were respectively 71.43%, 84.12% and 50.00%. Then there was no significant difference between the allied mutations of multi-drug resistant gene and the mutations of only one drug resistant gene （P 〉 0.05）. Conclusion： PCR-SSCP technique has a higher sensibility and specificity to detect the genes of katG, rpoB and rpsL in tuberculosis L-form among pneumoconiosis complicated with tuberculosis,and the detecting rate of two drug resistant strains and three drug resistant strains was higher. The combined application of PCR-SSCP and AST has advantages at earlier diagnosis and guidance of clinical medications.

Grand Zero Density Estimates of L-functions Associated with Cusp Forms

In this paper a zero-density estimate of the large sieve type is given for the automorphic L-function L f (s,χ),where f is a holomorphic cusp form and χ a Dirichlet character of mod q.

L波段全国产化2.5 kW级脉冲模块设计

随着国防和民用技术的迅速发展,高性能的L波段脉冲模块成为雷达和通信领域的关键组件。文章介绍了一个全国产化的2.5 kW级L波段脉冲模块的设计流程。该模块采用先进的射频放大技术和脉冲形成网络设计,结合本土材料和工艺技术的优势,实现模块的高性能和低成本生产。仿真和实验验证表明,设计的模块满足了所有预期的技术参数,包括功率水平、脉冲宽度和效率,通过了严格的质量控制和可靠性评估。

以VEGF、MMP-2检测验证幽门螺杆菌L型感染与胃癌的关系

目的研究幽门螺杆菌L型(Helicobacter pyloriL-form,Hp-L型)感染对胃癌的发生、发展和侵袭、转移等生物学行为的影响,并探讨其机制。方法应用革兰染色和免疫组化SP法检测130例胃癌和50例对照组的Hp-L型感染,应用免疫组化SP法检测上述组织的血管内皮生长因子(vascular endothelial growth factor,VEGF)、基质金属蛋白酶-2(matrixmet-alloproteinase-2,MMP-2)蛋白的表达。结果130例胃癌中免疫组化及革兰染色同时Hp-L型阳性的病例有88例。胃癌组与对照组的Hp-L型阳性率相比具有统计学意义(67.69%vs24%,P<0.05)。胃癌组中Hp-L型阳性组的MMP-2、VEGF表达阳性率高于其Hp-L型阴性组(P<0.05);胃癌组中Hp-L型阳性MMP-2和VEGF的表达阳性呈正相关(r=0.45,r=0.30,P<0.001)。结论Hp-L型感染是影响胃癌侵袭和转移的重要因素之一。其机制与胃癌细胞的VEGF、MMP-2的表达上调有关。

食管癌与幽门螺杆菌L型感染和PCNA、CerbB-2、P^(53)表达的关系

目的 探讨幽门螺杆菌L型 (Hp -L)感染和PCNA、CerbB - 2、P53 表达在食管癌发生机制中的作用。方法 应用免疫组化和革兰染色技术检测 112例食管癌和 30例对照组的Hp -L型、PCNA、CerbB - 2、和P53 基因蛋白 ,对Hp -L型阳性和阴性组织的PCNA、CerbB - 2和P53 表达进行比较分析。结果 癌组的革兰染色L型检出率 (6 7 9% )与对照组 (2 6 7% )有显著性差异 (P <0 0 5 ) ;与免疫组化Hp -L型抗原表达阳性率 (6 5 2 % )无显著性差异 (P >0 0 5 ) ,Hp -L型检出阳性率为6 1 6 % (6 9/ 112 )。癌组的PCNA、CerbB - 2、P53 表达阳性率明显高于对照组 ,癌组中Hp -L型感染阳性组的PCNA、CerbB -2、P53 表达阳性率也高于其Hp -L型阴性组 ,其差异均有显著性 (P <0 0 5 )。表明Hp -L型感染与食管癌相关 ,与食管癌的PCNA、CerbB - 2、P53 过表达也相关。结论 Hp

ras、c-erbB-2、P^(53)基因与金葡菌L型感染在实验性小鼠肿瘤中的作用

目的 探讨癌基因ras ,c -erbB - 2和抑癌基因P53 与金葡菌L型感染在C57小鼠致瘤中的作用和意义。方法 应用免疫组化及核酸原位杂交对L型感染后诱发的 10只小鼠肿瘤和 13只小鼠癌前病变组织进行ras、c -erbB - 2及P53 蛋白产物及基因的检测。结果 小鼠肿瘤中P2 1、c-erbB - 2、P53 的蛋白表达阳性率分别为 6 0 %、70 %、6 0 % ;癌前病变 15 .38%、15 .38%、38.46 %。原位核酸杂交ras、c -erbB - 2、P53 、mRNA表达在小鼠肿瘤中分别为 5 0 %、70 %、5 0 % ;癌前病变中为 15 .38%、0 %、38.46 %。结论 癌基因ras、cerbB - 2及抑癌基因P53 在小鼠肿瘤中有不同程度异常表达 ,L型极有可能成为诱癌因素之一 。

bcl-2、p^(16)、nm^(23)基因在金黄色葡萄球菌L型感染小鼠肿瘤中的表达

目的 探讨bcl- 2凋亡抑制基因、p16抑癌基因和nm2 3 转移抑制基因在金黄色葡萄球菌 (金葡菌 )L型感染C57小鼠致瘤中的表达及意义。方法 动物实验观察金葡菌L型感染C57小鼠后肿瘤的发生情况 ;免疫组化及核酸原位杂交检测小鼠肿瘤和癌前病变中bcl- 2、p16、nm2 3 基因的表达。结果 金葡菌L型感染后 10只小鼠发生肿瘤 ,13只出现癌前病变。小鼠肿瘤中bcl- 2、p16、nm2 3 蛋白表达阳性率分别为 6 0 0 %、30 0 %和 2 0 0 % ;癌前病变中分别为 30 8%、5 3 1%和 6 1 1%。小鼠肿瘤中bcl- 2、p16、nm2 3 mRNA表达阳性率分别为 6 0 0 %、2 0 0 %和 2 0 0 % ;癌前病变中分别为 2 3 1%、5 3 1%和 6 1 1%。其蛋白和mRNA表达具一致性 ,且与正常对照有显著性差异。结论 金葡菌L型感染可能引起bcl- 2、p16、nm2 3 基因的异常表达 ,进而导致体细胞的恶性转化 。

结核菌-L型培养基的改进

目的 对庄氏的改良TSA -L培养基进行改进 ,探索新的结核菌 -L型培养基配方。方法 配制改良TSA-L培养基和羊血TB -L培养基。用相同的前处理方法对临床痰标本进行处理 ,两种培养基斜面上接种同量的标本前处理液 ,置 3 7℃孵箱培养。结果 羊血TB -L培养基的检出率显著高于改良TSA -L培养基 ,且培养基上的菌落大 ,易观察。结论 羊血TB -L培养基制作容易 ,成本低廉 ,检出率明显高于改良TSA -L培养基 ,有推广应用的价值。

金葡菌L型感染C_(57)小鼠诱发肿瘤中c-fos、c-myc、P^(53)基因的表达及意义

目的 探讨原癌基因c-fos、c-myc和抑癌基因P53 蛋白及mRNA在诱发小鼠肿瘤及增生组织中的表达及意义。方法 应用免疫组化和核酸原位杂交等方法检测感染细菌L型后发生肿瘤和过度增生病变的小鼠组织中癌基因c -fos、c -myc和抑癌基因P53 蛋白及mRNA表达。结果 小鼠肿瘤中c -fos、c -myc和P53 蛋白表达分别为 5 0 %、5 0 %、6 0 % ,癌前病变组织中 15 38%、4 6 15 %、38 4 6 %。mRNA阳性表达分别为 5 0 %、4 0 %、5 0 %和 15 38%、30 76 %、38 4 6 % ;结果无显著性差异。结论 细菌L型感染 ,c -fos、c-myc和P53

鼻咽癌、喉癌中细菌L型感染及P^(53)、CerbB-2基因突变的对比研究

用革兰染色和免疫组化染色技术，对１２９例鼻咽癌、８５例喉癌、２０例鼻咽慢性炎、２０例声带息肉进行细菌Ｌ型检测，同时对Ｌ型阳性和阴性组织的Ｐ５３、ＣｅｒｂＢ－２表达进行对比分析。结果显示，鼻咽癌、喉癌的革兰染色Ｌ型检出率分别为７８３％和７６５％。肿瘤组的Ｐ５３、ＣｅｒｂＢ－２表达率明显高于炎症组（Ｐ＜０００５）。鼻咽癌、喉癌中Ｌ型阳性组的Ｐ５３、ＣｅｒｂＢ－２表达率也高于其Ｌ型阴性组（Ｐ＜０００５）。表明Ｌ型感染与鼻咽癌、喉癌及Ｐ５３、ＣｅｒｂＢ－２过表达有关。提示Ｌ型参与了Ｐ５３、ＣｅｒｂＢ－２基因突变，并可能在鼻咽癌、喉癌发生中起作用。

幽门螺杆菌L型感染对胃癌BGC-823细胞增殖的影响

目的:研究幽门螺杆菌L型(helicobacter pylori L-form,Hp-L型)感染对胃癌BGC-823细胞增殖的影响,并探讨其作用机制。方法:将胃癌BGC-823细胞与Hp-L型以不同比例(1:20、1:100、1:500)共培养,以不加Hp-L型为对照组,在不同时段进行以下实验:倒置显微镜观察细胞形态学变化;四甲基噻唑氮蓝(MTT)法检测细胞生长增殖率;流式细胞仪(FCM)检测细胞凋亡率;免疫组化(SP法)检测癌基因(skp2)、抑癌基因(p53)和核增殖指数(Ki-67)的表达情况。结果:Hp-L型作用BGC-823细胞后,倒置显微镜观察到细胞分裂增多,增殖旺盛,瘤巨细胞增多,出现明显的生长加速现象;MTT法测定细胞生长曲线显示,Hp-L型对胃癌BGC-823细胞增殖有促进作用;FCM检测可见,Hp-L型影响胃癌BGC-823细胞周期的分布,使G0/G1期比例降低,S期比例升高;免疫组化可见细胞中Skp2、p53和Ki-67蛋白表达阳性率逐渐增加;以上作用均呈细菌浓度和作用时间依赖性。结论:Hp-L型可促进胃癌BGC-823细胞增殖,其机制与上调Skp2、p53和Ki-67蛋白的表达有关。

复治难治肺结核中结核菌-L型感染调查

目的了解结核菌-L型在复治难治(复难治)肺结核患者中所占的比例,以及对结核病疫情的影响。方法选择复难治肺结核患者现场拍摄X光胸片,晨痰作结核菌和结核菌-L型培养。结果在260例复难治肺结核患者痰标本中,检出结核菌阳性92例;92例结核菌阳性患者中,检出结核菌-L型阳性32例,检出率为34.8%。168例结核菌阴性患者中检出结核菌-L型阳性45例,检出率为26.8%。结核菌和结核菌-L型均阳性的患者,其X光胸片病变范围比结核菌和结核菌-L型均阴性的患者广泛(x^2=6.44,P<0.05);其肺部空洞也明显增多(x^2=31.63,P<0.01)。结论无论是菌阳还是菌阴结核病患者,都可检出结核菌-L型;结核菌和结核菌-L型合并感染,可导致患者双侧肺病变加重、空洞增多。

从乳腺癌组织中检测结核分枝杆菌L-型及MPB64基因

目的:探寻乳腺癌组织中结核分枝杆菌L-型(MTB-L)的感染情况及意义。方法:收集115例乳腺癌石蜡包埋组织标本,分别用IK抗酸染色检测MTB-L、免疫组化技术检测结核分枝杆菌抗原、原位杂交检测MPB64基因在癌细胞核内的表达,并用癌旁正常乳腺组织40例作对照。统计学处理用SPSS 13.0软件,各组间阳性率的比较采用χ2检验。结果:(1)乳腺癌组IK抗酸染色MTB-L阳性者53例(46.1%),免疫组化检测阳性58例(50.4%),乳腺癌癌细胞核内MPB64基因阳性表达60例(52.2%),与癌旁正常乳腺组检测结果比较,差异均有统计学意义(χ2值分别为28.01、29.12、31.73,均P<0.05)。(2)乳腺癌组各组织类型、不同肿瘤大小、淋巴结有无转移、不同病理分级、不同临床分期的IK抗酸染色检测结果之间,差异均无统计学意义(χ2值分别为3.34、1.35、0.78、0.29、0.27,均P>0.05),免疫组化检测结果之间,差异均无统计学意义(χ2值分别为1.11、0.31、0.10、0.45、0.47,均P>0.05),MPB64基因检测结果之间,差异均无统计学意义(χ2值分别为,0.89、0.53、0.18、0.35、0.78,均P>0.05)。结论:MTB-L存在于乳腺癌组织中;MTB-L的MPB64基因在乳腺癌癌细胞核内高度表达;MTB-L与MPB64基因检测阳性率与各病理学特征无关。