目的:总结MAB21L2基因的变异和临床特点,并与高度同源的MAB21L1基因进行比较。方法:对中山眼科中心临床基因数据库中MAB21L2基因变异患者进行基因型和表型分析,回顾性分析既往文献报道的MAB21L2基因和高度同源基因MAB21L1变异的表型-基...目的:总结MAB21L2基因的变异和临床特点,并与高度同源的MAB21L1基因进行比较。方法:对中山眼科中心临床基因数据库中MAB21L2基因变异患者进行基因型和表型分析,回顾性分析既往文献报道的MAB21L2基因和高度同源基因MAB21L1变异的表型-基因型的关系。结果:在2个小眼畸形家系中发现2个MAB21L2基因杂合变异:先证者1携带已知变异c.151C>G/p.(Arg51Gly),患者双眼小眼畸形伴虹膜脉络膜缺损,伴骨关节屈曲。母亲携带相同杂合变异但表型正常;先证者2携带未报道的变异c.1042G>T/p.(Glu348*),左眼小眼畸形,右眼正常且无全身异常。结合文献回顾发现,在显性遗传模式下,80%的MAB21L2杂合致病变异(20/25)和100%的MAB21L1杂合致病变异(25/25)发生在氨基酸49-52区域,导致小眼无眼或眼缺损异常(microphthalmia,anophthalmia or coloboma,MAC);携带该区域MAB21L2基因杂合突变的患者除MAC外,部分还伴骨骼关节发育异常(12/24,50%);杂合截短变异发生在MAB21L2基因可导致MAC(5/5,100%),而发生在MAB21L1则不致病。结论:在2个小眼畸形家系中发现了MAB21L2基因1个新致病变异和1个已知热点致病变异,通过文献综述比较和总结了MAB21L1和MAB21L2基因的突变频谱以及基因型-表型相互关系,为此类基因缺陷导致遗传病的诊断和鉴别诊断提供依据。展开更多
目的应用生物信息学的方法探讨肿瘤蛋白D52(tumor protein D52,TPD52)和肿瘤蛋白D52样2(tumor protein D52-like 2,TPD52L2)在胃癌中异常表达的临床病理特征,并分析相关基因共表达的意义。方法基于癌症基因组图谱(The Cancer Genome AHa...目的应用生物信息学的方法探讨肿瘤蛋白D52(tumor protein D52,TPD52)和肿瘤蛋白D52样2(tumor protein D52-like 2,TPD52L2)在胃癌中异常表达的临床病理特征,并分析相关基因共表达的意义。方法基于癌症基因组图谱(The Cancer Genome AHas,TCGA)获取数据,利用R语言软件包比较TPD52和TPD52L2在胃癌组织和癌旁组织中的差异表达与临床病理特征的相关性,并探索与免疫细胞浸润水平的情况,Kaplan-Meier生存分析和Cox回归评估TPD52和TPD52L2的表达与患者预后的关系。利用Human Protein Atlas数据库分析TPD52和TPD52L2在胃癌组织中的免疫组化染色情况。借助cBioPortal数据库分析TPD52和TPD52L2的共表达基因,并使用SangerBox平台进行京都基因与基因组百科全书(Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes,KEGG)富集分析。通过STRING数据库对共表达基因建立蛋白质-蛋白质相互作用(protein-protein interaction,PPI)网络,使用Cytoscape 3.9筛选核心共表达基因,并进一步验证核心共表达基因的生存期和相关性。结果胃癌组织中TPD52和TPD52L2的表达水平均明显高于癌旁组织,并与病理分期、组织学分级、幽门螺旋杆菌感染和Barretts食管密切相关。TPD52的表达与Th2和NK细胞等细胞的浸润丰度相关,TPD52L2的表达与Th2和肥大细胞等细胞的浸润丰度相关。与TPD52L2高表达组相比,低表达组有更长的总生存期(OS)、首次进展生存期(FP)和再次进展生存期(PPS)。单因素Cox分析结果表明,TPD52和TPD52L2的表达与TNM分期、病理分期及胃癌患者的预后不良相关,多因素Cox分析结果表明,M分期是影响胃癌患者OS的独立危险因素。KEGG富集分析发现TPD52的共表达基因参与了代谢通路和癌症的转录失调等信号通路,TPD52L2的共表达基因参与了癌症通路和剪接体等信号通路。PPI网络中核心基因生存分析结果表明,高表达组的PLCG1、PRKACA、MAPK11、NGFR和HSP90AB1预后较差,相关性分析发现MAPK11、CYCS和NGFR是与TPD52关系最紧密的基因,RUVBL1、NOP56、HSP90AB1和CCT6A是与TPD52L2关系最紧密的基因,可作为探讨TPD52和TPD52L2参与胃癌恶性生物学行为的候选基因。结论TPD52和TPD52L2在胃癌组织中高表达,且在胃癌的发生发展中发挥着重要作用,有望成为胃癌早期诊断和预后的生物标志物和治疗靶点。展开更多
The present study investigates the effects of congruency and frequency on adjective-noun collocational processing for Chinese learners of English at two proficiency levels based on the data obtained in an online accep...The present study investigates the effects of congruency and frequency on adjective-noun collocational processing for Chinese learners of English at two proficiency levels based on the data obtained in an online acceptability judgment task.The subject pool of this research included 60 English majors studying at a university in China;30 were selected as a higher-proficiency group and 30 as a lower-proficiency group according to their Vocabulary Levels Test(Schmitt et al.,2001)scores and their self-reported proficiency in English.The experimental materials were programmed to E-prime 2.0 and included six types of collocations:(1)15 high-frequency congruent collocations,(2)15 low-frequency congruent collocations,(3)15 high-frequency incongruent collocations,(4)15 low-frequency incongruent collocations,(5)15 Chinese-only items,and(6)75 unrelated items for baseline data.The collected response times(RTs)and accuracy rates data were statistically analyzed by the use of an ANOVA test and pairwise comparisons through SPSS 16.0 software.The results revealed that:(1)the adjective-noun collocational processing of Chinese English learners is influenced by collocational frequency,congruency and L2 proficiency;(2)the processing time is affected by the interaction of congruency and frequency;and(3)the interactive effect of L2 proficiency in conjunction with congruency and frequency also influences the processing quality.展开更多
The long-range periodically ordered atomic structures in intermetallic nanoparticles(INPs)can significantly enhance both the electrocatalytic activity and electrochemical stability toward the oxygen reduction reaction...The long-range periodically ordered atomic structures in intermetallic nanoparticles(INPs)can significantly enhance both the electrocatalytic activity and electrochemical stability toward the oxygen reduction reaction(ORR)compared to the disordered atomic structures in ordinary solid-solution alloy NPs.Accordingly,through a facile and scalable synthetic method,a series of carbon-supported ultrafine Pt_3Co_(x)Mn_(1-x)ternary INPs are prepared in this work,which possess the"skin-like"ultrathin Pt shells,the ordered L1_(2) atomic structure,and the high-even dispersion on supports(L1_(2)-Pt_3Co_(x)Mn_(1-x)/~SPt INPs/C).Electrochemical results present that the composition-optimized L1_(2)-Pt_3Co_(0.7)Mn_(0.3)/~SPt INPs/C exhibits the highest electrocata lytic activity among the series,which are also much better than those of the pristine ultrafine Pt/C.Besides,it also has a greatly enhanced electrochemical stability.In addition,the effects of annealing temperature and time are further investigated.More importantly,such superior ORR electrocatalytic performance of L1_(2)-Pt_3Co_(0.7)Mn_(0.3)/~SPt INPs/C are also well demonstrated in practical fuel cells.Physicochemical characterization analyses further reveal the major origins of the greatly enhanced ORR electrocata lytic performance:the Pt-Co-Mn alloy-induced geometric and ligand effects as well as the extremely high L1_(2) atomic-ordering degree.This work not only successfully develops a highly active and stable ordered ternary intermetallic ORR electrocatalyst,but also elucidates the corresponding"structure-function"relationship,which can be further applied in designing other intermetallic(electro)catalysts.展开更多
文摘目的:总结MAB21L2基因的变异和临床特点,并与高度同源的MAB21L1基因进行比较。方法:对中山眼科中心临床基因数据库中MAB21L2基因变异患者进行基因型和表型分析,回顾性分析既往文献报道的MAB21L2基因和高度同源基因MAB21L1变异的表型-基因型的关系。结果:在2个小眼畸形家系中发现2个MAB21L2基因杂合变异:先证者1携带已知变异c.151C>G/p.(Arg51Gly),患者双眼小眼畸形伴虹膜脉络膜缺损,伴骨关节屈曲。母亲携带相同杂合变异但表型正常;先证者2携带未报道的变异c.1042G>T/p.(Glu348*),左眼小眼畸形,右眼正常且无全身异常。结合文献回顾发现,在显性遗传模式下,80%的MAB21L2杂合致病变异(20/25)和100%的MAB21L1杂合致病变异(25/25)发生在氨基酸49-52区域,导致小眼无眼或眼缺损异常(microphthalmia,anophthalmia or coloboma,MAC);携带该区域MAB21L2基因杂合突变的患者除MAC外,部分还伴骨骼关节发育异常(12/24,50%);杂合截短变异发生在MAB21L2基因可导致MAC(5/5,100%),而发生在MAB21L1则不致病。结论:在2个小眼畸形家系中发现了MAB21L2基因1个新致病变异和1个已知热点致病变异,通过文献综述比较和总结了MAB21L1和MAB21L2基因的突变频谱以及基因型-表型相互关系,为此类基因缺陷导致遗传病的诊断和鉴别诊断提供依据。
文摘目的应用生物信息学的方法探讨肿瘤蛋白D52(tumor protein D52,TPD52)和肿瘤蛋白D52样2(tumor protein D52-like 2,TPD52L2)在胃癌中异常表达的临床病理特征,并分析相关基因共表达的意义。方法基于癌症基因组图谱(The Cancer Genome AHas,TCGA)获取数据,利用R语言软件包比较TPD52和TPD52L2在胃癌组织和癌旁组织中的差异表达与临床病理特征的相关性,并探索与免疫细胞浸润水平的情况,Kaplan-Meier生存分析和Cox回归评估TPD52和TPD52L2的表达与患者预后的关系。利用Human Protein Atlas数据库分析TPD52和TPD52L2在胃癌组织中的免疫组化染色情况。借助cBioPortal数据库分析TPD52和TPD52L2的共表达基因,并使用SangerBox平台进行京都基因与基因组百科全书(Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes,KEGG)富集分析。通过STRING数据库对共表达基因建立蛋白质-蛋白质相互作用(protein-protein interaction,PPI)网络,使用Cytoscape 3.9筛选核心共表达基因,并进一步验证核心共表达基因的生存期和相关性。结果胃癌组织中TPD52和TPD52L2的表达水平均明显高于癌旁组织,并与病理分期、组织学分级、幽门螺旋杆菌感染和Barretts食管密切相关。TPD52的表达与Th2和NK细胞等细胞的浸润丰度相关,TPD52L2的表达与Th2和肥大细胞等细胞的浸润丰度相关。与TPD52L2高表达组相比,低表达组有更长的总生存期(OS)、首次进展生存期(FP)和再次进展生存期(PPS)。单因素Cox分析结果表明,TPD52和TPD52L2的表达与TNM分期、病理分期及胃癌患者的预后不良相关,多因素Cox分析结果表明,M分期是影响胃癌患者OS的独立危险因素。KEGG富集分析发现TPD52的共表达基因参与了代谢通路和癌症的转录失调等信号通路,TPD52L2的共表达基因参与了癌症通路和剪接体等信号通路。PPI网络中核心基因生存分析结果表明,高表达组的PLCG1、PRKACA、MAPK11、NGFR和HSP90AB1预后较差,相关性分析发现MAPK11、CYCS和NGFR是与TPD52关系最紧密的基因,RUVBL1、NOP56、HSP90AB1和CCT6A是与TPD52L2关系最紧密的基因,可作为探讨TPD52和TPD52L2参与胃癌恶性生物学行为的候选基因。结论TPD52和TPD52L2在胃癌组织中高表达,且在胃癌的发生发展中发挥着重要作用,有望成为胃癌早期诊断和预后的生物标志物和治疗靶点。
文摘The present study investigates the effects of congruency and frequency on adjective-noun collocational processing for Chinese learners of English at two proficiency levels based on the data obtained in an online acceptability judgment task.The subject pool of this research included 60 English majors studying at a university in China;30 were selected as a higher-proficiency group and 30 as a lower-proficiency group according to their Vocabulary Levels Test(Schmitt et al.,2001)scores and their self-reported proficiency in English.The experimental materials were programmed to E-prime 2.0 and included six types of collocations:(1)15 high-frequency congruent collocations,(2)15 low-frequency congruent collocations,(3)15 high-frequency incongruent collocations,(4)15 low-frequency incongruent collocations,(5)15 Chinese-only items,and(6)75 unrelated items for baseline data.The collected response times(RTs)and accuracy rates data were statistically analyzed by the use of an ANOVA test and pairwise comparisons through SPSS 16.0 software.The results revealed that:(1)the adjective-noun collocational processing of Chinese English learners is influenced by collocational frequency,congruency and L2 proficiency;(2)the processing time is affected by the interaction of congruency and frequency;and(3)the interactive effect of L2 proficiency in conjunction with congruency and frequency also influences the processing quality.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2021YFB4001301)the Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality(21DZ1208600)the Oceanic Interdisciplinary Program of Shanghai Jiao Tong University(SL2021ZD105)。
文摘The long-range periodically ordered atomic structures in intermetallic nanoparticles(INPs)can significantly enhance both the electrocatalytic activity and electrochemical stability toward the oxygen reduction reaction(ORR)compared to the disordered atomic structures in ordinary solid-solution alloy NPs.Accordingly,through a facile and scalable synthetic method,a series of carbon-supported ultrafine Pt_3Co_(x)Mn_(1-x)ternary INPs are prepared in this work,which possess the"skin-like"ultrathin Pt shells,the ordered L1_(2) atomic structure,and the high-even dispersion on supports(L1_(2)-Pt_3Co_(x)Mn_(1-x)/~SPt INPs/C).Electrochemical results present that the composition-optimized L1_(2)-Pt_3Co_(0.7)Mn_(0.3)/~SPt INPs/C exhibits the highest electrocata lytic activity among the series,which are also much better than those of the pristine ultrafine Pt/C.Besides,it also has a greatly enhanced electrochemical stability.In addition,the effects of annealing temperature and time are further investigated.More importantly,such superior ORR electrocatalytic performance of L1_(2)-Pt_3Co_(0.7)Mn_(0.3)/~SPt INPs/C are also well demonstrated in practical fuel cells.Physicochemical characterization analyses further reveal the major origins of the greatly enhanced ORR electrocata lytic performance:the Pt-Co-Mn alloy-induced geometric and ligand effects as well as the extremely high L1_(2) atomic-ordering degree.This work not only successfully develops a highly active and stable ordered ternary intermetallic ORR electrocatalyst,but also elucidates the corresponding"structure-function"relationship,which can be further applied in designing other intermetallic(electro)catalysts.
